好氧堆肥对难溶性磷转化的影响

29120091　　　　　　ActaScientiaeCircumstantiaeVol.29,No.1Jan.,2009:(No.2005AA4CS114);(No.11513027)SupportedbytheKeyTechnologiesRDProgramofHarbin(No.2005AA4CS114)andtheScienceTechnologyInstructionProjectHeilongjiangProvincialEducationBureau(No.11513027):(1975—),,,E-mail:[e-mail];＊(),E-mail:[e-mail]:SHANDexin(1975—),male,lecturer,E-mail:[e-mail];＊Correspondingauthor,E-mail:[e-mail],,.2009.[J].,29(1):146-150ShanDX,LiSQ,XuJG.2009.Effectsofaerobiccompostingontransformationofrockphosphate[J].ActaScientiaeCircumstantiae,29(1):146-150单德鑫,李淑芹＊,许景钢东北农业大学资源与环境学院,哈尔滨150030:2007-10-17　　　:2008-05-13　　　:2008-11-12:,,.,、、、;4%(P1DM)8%(P2DM)120.99%、125.32%,34.86%、38.64%,27.74%、30.84%,21.38%、20.06%;P2DMP1DM4.33%,3.78%,3.10%,-1.32%.,,.,、.:;;;:0253-2468(2009)01-146-05　　　:X705　　　:AEffectsofaerobiccompostingontransformationofrockphosphateSHANDexin,LIShuqin＊,XUJinggangCollegeofResourcesandEnvironmentalSciences,NortheastAgriculturalUniversity,Harbin150030Received17October2007;　　　receivedinrevisedform13May2008;　　　accepted12November2008Abstract:Organicacidsubstancesproducedduringdairymanure(DM)compostingcouldtransformrockphosphate.TheeffectsofcompostingonincreasingrockphosphatesolubilitywerestudiedbymixinggroundphosphaterockintoDMduringthecompostingprocess.ComparedtoDMtreatment,P1DMtreatmentincreasedtheactiveorganicphosphateby120.99%,moderatelyactiveorganicphosphateby34.86%,moderatelystableorganicphosphateby27.74%andhighlystableorganicphosphateby21.38%.TreatmentwithP2DMincreasedtheactiveorganicphosphateby125.32%,moderatelyactiveorganicphosphateby38.64%,moderatelystableorganicphosphateby30.84%andhighlystableorganicphosphateby20.06%,comparedwithDMtreatmentalone.Theincreasewaspositivelycorrelatedwiththequantityofphosphaterockadded.Atthefinalstageofcomposting,scanningelectronmicroscopyrevealedcavitiesonthephosphaterocksurface,whichsuggestedthatDMcompostingcouldprovideabiologicalapproachtoincreasingphosphatesolubilityandimprovingtheefficiencyofphosphatefertilizer.Keywords:aerobiccomposting;dairymanure;rockphosphate;transformation1　(Introduction),74%,10%～25%(,2001;,2005).,,,,,.,(,2002).1.1%,,25a.,“”,,.,,,,.(dairymanure,DM),(DOI:10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2009.01.0071:、、、)(,2001;,2003;,2004),(,2000).,,(,1995),.Bowman-Cole(Bowmanetal.,1978),4:,0.5mol·L-1NaHCO3(pH=8.5),;,1.0mol·L-1H2SO40.5mol·L-1NaOH,,;,NaOH,,;,NaOH,,,.,,,,.2　(Materialsandmethods)2.1　牛粪堆肥材料与试验设计:.、,,C:396.2g·kg-1,N:12.4g·kg-1,P2O5:7.96g·kg-1,:72%.:0.25mm,P2O533%,.20073～6,3,DM;P1DM,4%(,);P2DM,8%.5kg,7,(PE),,40m、5m、2m.,60%,55℃5d,65℃.55%,40%.1,63d.、,0、7、14、21、28、42、63d,1,500g,,1mm.,,100g,,,,,.2.2　测定方法、《》(,2000).:0.25mm,,,.S-4700,×1000.3　(Results)3.1　有机磷的变化1,,;,.,28d.,,,,P1DM、P2DMDM31.93%、33.14%.1　Fig.1　ConcentrationsoforganicphosphateduringDMcomposting3.2　活性有机磷的变化2,,21d,21～28d,.,,,,P1DM、P2DMDM120.99%、125.32%.147　　　　　　　　　　292　Fig.2　ConcentrationsofactiveorganicphosphateduringDMcomposting3.3　中等活性有机磷的变化3,,28d,.,,,,P1DM、P2DMDM34.86%、38.64%.3　Fig.3　ConcentrationsofmoderatelyactiveorganicphosphateduringDMcomposting3.4　中稳性有机磷的变化4,,;,28d.,,,,P1DM、P2DMDM27.74%、30.84%.4　Fig.4　ConcentrationsofmoderatelystableorganicphosphateduringDMcomposting3.5　高稳性有机磷的变化5,,;,42d.,,,,P1DM、P2DMDM21.38%、20.06%.5　Fig.5　ConcentrationsofhighlystableorganicphosphateduringDMcomposting3.6　速效磷的变化6,,;,.,42d.,,,,P1DM、P2DMDM76.51%、94.47%.1481:6　Fig.6　ConcentrationsofavailablephosphateduringDMcomposting3.7　牛粪堆肥对磷矿粉溶解能力的电镜观察7a,7b,.7a、7b,,,;,,,.,.7　Fig.7　SEMmicrographsofpowderedphosphaterock4　(Discussion),,,,2d,4d55℃,.,,,,.,,,,,,,,,,,、,,.149　　　　　　　　　　2955℃9d,55℃5d,.,42d,,.,362%,28d,,,50%～60%,42d,40%,.2.,,(Dinkelakeretal.,1989;,2001;,2003);,,(,1995),.,,,,,.5　(Conclusions)1),,,P1DM、P2DMDM,、、、、:31.93%、33.14%;120.99%、125.32%;34.86%、38.64%;27.74%、30.84%;21.38%、20.06%;76.51%、94.47%.2),,..:李淑芹(1962—),女,硕士,教授,主要从事固体废弃物处理与资源化研究工作.E-mail:[e-mail],Tel:[phone].(References):BowmanRA,ColeCV.1978.Anexploratorymethodforfractionationoforganicphosphorusfromgrasslandsoils[J].SoilSci,(125):95—101DinkelakerB,RomheldV,MarschnerH.1989.Citricacidexcretionandprecipitationofcalciumcitrateintherhizosphereofwhitelupin[J].Plant,CellandEnvironment,(12):285—292,.2000.[M].:,50—55LiGX,ZhangFS.2000.Organiccomplex-mixingfertilizermanufactureandcompostingofsolidwaste[M].Beijing:ChemicalIndustryPress,50—55(inChinese),,,.2003.[J].,24(2):49—53LuHM,ShengHJ,MaoJ,etal.2003.Effectsoforganicanionsonthebiologicalavailabilityofinorganicphosphorusfromdifferentfractionsinsoils[J].JournalofYangzhouUniversity,24(2):49—53(inChinese).2000.[M].:,166—186LuRK.2000.Soilagro-chemicalanalyticalmethods[M].Beijing:ChineseAgriculturalScienceandTechnologyPress,166—186(inChinese),,.2001.[J].,16(1):99—104LuWL,CaoYP,ZhangFS.2001.Theeffectoflow-molecular-weightorganicacidsonphosphorusreleasefromdifferentphosphates[J].ActaAgriculturaeBoreall-sinica,16(1):99—104(inChinese),,,.2004.[J].,23(1):80—84WangGH,ZhouDR,YangQ,etal.2004.Effectsoflow-molecular-weightorganicacidsonreleaseofphosphorusfromrockphosphate[J].JournalofAgro-envir