黄运红1,2,3,冯香玲1,2,龙中儿3,许杨1,2* (1.,330003;2.,330047;3.,330022) [目的]为生物快速脱氮、净化水处理提供有用的菌源和技术。[方法]通过反硝化培养基定向筛选,从厕所旁土壤中分离获得好氧高效反硝化有效微生物群,并研究其脱氮特性。[结果]该有效微生物群命名为OAI-EM,其反硝化速率为143.71mg/(L·d)。OAI-EM在以淀粉为有机碳源时,反硝化速率达到了144mg/(L·d),Cu2+、Ni2+和Hg2+能抑制OAI-EM的反硝化作用,而Fe3+、Zn2+和Mn2+能激活OAI-EM的反硝化作用。高浓度硝酸盐也能抑制OAI-EM的反硝化作用,并且随着C/N的增加,OAI-EM的反硝化速率和硝酸盐去除率均有所增加。在C/N为25∶1的条件下,OAI-EM的硝酸盐去除率达到100%,反硝化速率为184mg/(L·d)。[结论]该有效微生物群具有培养基成分简单、反硝化速率快等优点,有较好的应用前景。 定向筛选;有效微生物群;反硝化作用 Q936 A 0517-6611(2007)36-11977-03StudyontheScreeningofAerobicDenitrifyingEffectiveMicroorganismsandTheirCharacteristicsHUANGYun-hongetal (KeyLaboratoryofFoodScience,MinistryofEducation,NanchangUniversity,Nanchang,Jiangxi330003)Abstract [Objective]TheaimofstudywastoprovideusefulbacteriumsourceandtechniqueforfastertreatmentofmicrobedenitrificationandwaterPu-rification.[Method]Throughthedirectionalscreeningofdenitrificationmedium,theaerobicdenitrifyingeffectivemicroorganismswithhighefficiencywasseparatedfromthesoilnearbythewaterclosetanditsdenitrificationcharacteristicswerestudied.[Result]TheeffectivemicroorganismswasnamedasOAI-EM,withthedenitrificationrateof143.71mg/(L·d).Whenthestarchwasusedasorganiccarbonsource,thedenitrificationrateofOAI-EMreached144mg/(L·d).Cu2+、Ni2+andHg2+couldinhibitthedenitrificationofOAI-EM,butFe3+,Zn2+andMn2+couldactivatedthedenitrificationofOAI-EM.NitratewithhighconcentrationalsocouldinhibitthedenitrificationofOAI-EM.AndwiththeincrementofC/N,allthedenitrificationrateandremovalrateofnitrateofOAI-EMincreasedslightly,whichcouldreach184mg/(L·d)and100%respectivelywhentheratioofcarbontonitrogenwas25∶1.[Con-clusion]Theeffectivemicroorganismshadstrongpointsofsimplemediumcomponentsandfasterdenitrificationrate,etc.,whichhasbetterapplicationfore-groundKeywords Directionalscreening;Effectivemicroorganisms;Denitrification 长江学者和创新团队发展计划资助(IRT0540)。 黄运红(1979-),男,江西鄱阳人,在读硕士,讲师,从事环境生物技术方面的教学和研究工作。*通讯作者,博士生导师。 2007-07-31 EM(Effectivemicroorganisms),2080,、、、、1080[1]。,,,,[2]。EM、,[3]。2005《》,,。,,,,,,2050,[4-7],。,。,,。,,,、。1 1.1 1.1.1 。①。20.0g,KNO32.0g,K2HPO40.5g,MgSO4·7H2O0.2g,1000ml。②。。1.1.2 。①。(5cm),10g100ml250ml,37℃、200r/min,7d,,。②。,2h,5ml100ml250ml,37℃、200r/min7d,5,,4℃。③。100ml250ml,5%(V/V)②,200r/min、37℃,7d,。1.2 -[8],[NO3-];N-(1-)-[9]。1.2.1 。600nm,,。1.2.2 。(1)。、、、、、、,2%,,5%(V/V)“1.1.2”②,37℃、200r/min7d,。3。(2)。,JournalofAnhuiAgri.Sci.2007,35(36):11977-11979 孙红忠 李洪Ni2+、Fe3+、Zn2+、Cu2+、Hg2+、Mn2+,1mmol/L,,,5%(V/V)“1.1.2”②,37℃、200r/min7d,。3。(3)。KNO310、15、20、25、30mmol/L,,5%(V/V)“1.1.2”②,37℃、200r/min7d,。3。(4)(C/N)。10、20、30、40、50g/L,,5%(V/V)“1.1.2”②,37℃、200r/min7d,。3。2 2.1 ,,。1,,,5.4%,1、2,,78.0%,OAI-EM。1 2.2 ,,。OAI-EM,NO3-N※NO2-N※NO※NO2※N2,,[10]。OAI-EM,(N2),7d,1.288g/L0.280g/L,01.624mg/L。,,OAI-EM。2.3 (OAI-EM) OAI-EM,,2,OAI-EM,,1d,OAI-EM。OAI-EM,OAI-EM3d,,1.288g/L0.284g/L,OAI-EM334.670mg/(L·d)。2 2.4 OAI-EMKNO3(0.2%),2%、、、、、、、。3,,,5mg/(L·d),、、,,144mg/(L·d)。OAI-EM,[11]。OAI-EM,,OAI-EM。 :A;B;C;D;E;F;G;H。3 2.5 OAI-EM。4,,Cu2+、Ni2+Hg2+OAI-EM,Hg2+OAI-EM,0,Hg2+OAI-EM。Fe3+、Zn2+Mn2+OAI-EM,Fe3+Zn2+OAI-EM,182mg/(L·d),OAI-EM,OAI-EM。2.6 11978 安徽农业科学 2007 :A;BCu2+;CNi2+;DHg2+;EZn2+;FFe3+;GMn2+。4 ,5,10mmol/L,100%,,OAI-EM,20mmol/L,,OAI-EM。,,,OAI-EM。5 2.7 (C/N) C/NOAI-EM,6,C/N,OAI-EM,C/N25∶1,OAI-EM100%,OAI-EM184mg/(L·d)。,OAI-EM,OAI-EM。3 (1),,144mg/(L·d)。,、,。 (2)OAI-EM,OAI-EM,,1d,,,OAI-EM()。6 C/N(3)、、、C/NOAI-EM。,,OAI-EM144mg/(L·d),Cu2+、Ni2+Hg2+OAI-EM,Hg2+OAI-EM,0,Fe3+、Zn2+Mn2+OAI-EM,Fe3+Zn2+OAI-EM,182mg/(L·d),OAI-EM,C/NOAI-EM。OAI-EM、。[1]比嘉照夫.EM环境革命[M].日本:综合,1996.[2]李维炯,倪永珍.EM的研究与应用[J].天津畜牧兽医,1995(16):125.[3]张烈,戴俊英.有效微生物群体对玉米植株生长与代谢的影响[J].农业现代化研究,1999,20(6):355-358.[4]MARSHALLRO,DISHBURGERHJ,MACVICARR,etal.StudiesontheeffectofaerationonnitratereductionbypseudomonaddprviesusingN15[J].JBacteri-al,1953,66:254-258.[5]VONMESCHNERK,WUHRMANNK.Beitragzurkenntnisdermicrobiellendenitrifi-cation[J].PatholMicrobial,1963,26:579-591.[6]KRULJM.DissimilatorynitrateandnitritereductuinunderaerobicconditionsbyanaerobicallyandanaerobicallygrownAlcaliginessp.andbyactivesludge[J].ApplBacterial,1976,40:245-260.[7]ROBERTSONLA,VANNIELEWJ,TORRESMANSRAM,etal.Simultane-ousnitrificationanddenitrificationinaerobicchemostatculturesofThiosphaerapantotropha[J].ApplEnvironMicrobiol,1988,54:2812-2818.[8]HECHTU,MOHRH.Factorscontrollingnitrateandammoniumaccumulationinmustard(Sinapisalba)seedlings[J].PhysiologiaPlantarum,1990,78:9337-9387.[9]吴国琳.水污染的检测与控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:115-117.[10]周丹丹,马放,王弘宇,等.关于好氧反硝化菌筛选方法的研究[J].微生物学报,2004,44(6):837-839.[11]于爱茸,李尤,俞吉安.一株耐氧反硝化细菌的筛选及脱氮特性研究[J].微生物学报,2005,25(3):77-81.1197935卷36期 黄运红等 好氧反硝化有效微生物群的筛选及特性研究