好氧颗粒污泥的研究进展王建龙

29320093　　　　　　ActaScientiaeCircumstantiaeVol.29,No.3Mar.,2009:(No.50830302)SupportedbytheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(No.50830302):(1964—),,,E-mail:[e-mail];＊()Biography:WANGJianlong(1964—),male,professor,E-mail:[e-mail];＊Correspondingauthor,,.2009.[J].,29(3):449-473WangJL,ZhangZJ,WuWW.2009.Researchadvancesinaerobicgranularsludge[J].ActaScientiaeCircumstantiae,29(3):449-473王建龙＊,张子健,吴伟伟清华大学核能与新能源技术研究院环境技术研究室,北京100084:2008-11-07　　　:2009-01-07:(granulation),、、.,.:,;、.,:(、、、、、),、(、、、、、、、、、),(、、、、).,,.,,.、、.:;;;;:0253-2468(2009)03-449-25　　　:X703　　　:AResearchadvancesinaerobicgranularsludgeWANGJianlong＊,ZHANGZijian,WUWeiweiLaboratoryofEnvironmentalTechnology,INET,TsinghuaUniversity,Beijing100084Received7November2008;　　　accepted7January2009Abstract:Thegranulationofsludgeisaprocessofmicrobialself-immobilizationduringthewastewatertreatmentprocessunderfavorableconditions.Granularsludgeisadenser,largerandbettermicrobialaggregate.Accordingtotheelectronacceptorsofmicrobialmetabolism,granularsludgecanbedividedintotwogeneralgroups,thatis,anaerobicandaerobicgranularsludge.Anaerobicgranularsludgehasbeenstudiedextensivelyfordecades,whereastheinterestinaerobicgranularsludgewasstartedjustseveralyearsago.Todate,theresearchesontheaerobicgranulationhavebeenfocusedontwoaspects:oneisontheformationofaerobicgranularsludgeonmacro-scale,inordertooptimizetheoperationalparameters;theotherisonthegranulationmechanismsandthemicrobialdiversity.Thispaperreviewedtheup-to-dateresearchandapplicationofaerobicgranularsludgenotonlyinChina,butalsoworldwide.Themaincontentsinclude:theperformanceofaerobicgranularsludge(morphologyandsize,settlingability,densityandstrength,biologicalactivity,cellsurfacehydrophobicity,extracellularpolysaccharidesetc.),thecultivatingconditions,granulationmechanismsandtheinfluencingfactors(organicloadingrates,substratesconstituents,hydrodynamicshearforce,settlingtime,operationalperiod,feedingmode,periodicstarvation,reactorconfiguration,dissolvedoxygenandtemperatureetc.),aswellastheapplicationofaerobicgranularsludge(industrialwastewatertreatment,municipalsewagetreatment,toxicorganicsdegradation,removalofnitrogenandphosphorus,andbiosorptionofheavymetalionsandradioactivewastesetc.).Thecompletelyautotrophicgranularsludge,suchasnitrifyinggranularsludge,wasalsomentioned.Thefutureconcernwillfocusontheup-scaling,manipulating,andoptimizingtheformationofaerobicgranules,thechangesinmicrobialactivityandcommunityinmatureaerobicgranules,aswellastheirlong-termstabilityinthereactors.Theintensiveandsuccessfulresearchesofthistechnologywillpromoteitfromlaboratorystudytothepilot-andfull-scaleapplications,whichwillforeseeitspromisingapplicationinpracticalwastewatertreatment.Keywords:Aerobicgranularsludge;granulation;wastewatertreatment;mechanism;influencingfactorDOI:10.13671/j.hjkxxb.2009.03.005　　　　　　　　　　291　(Introduction)(granulation),、、(,2002).,,.,.,.,.80.Lettinga(UpflowAnaerobicSludgeBlanket,UASB)(Lettingaetal.,1980;Hulshoffetal.,1983).,40kg·m-3·d-1).,、、(Guiotetal.,1991;LettingaandHulshoffPol,1991;Fangetal.,1995;Blonskajaetal.,2003;Tiwarietal.,2006)..,2～8,30℃,(LiuandTay,2004);,,COD,,;,.,,,.,:(1),,;(2),,(),;(3),,;(4),,,,;(5)..,.,,;.2　(Theresearchhistoryofaerobicgranularsludge).2090,.UASB,MishimaShin,(AerobicUpflowSludgeBlanket,AUSB),(MishimaandNakamura,1991;Shinetal.,1992).,,.,Debeer,(Debeeretal.,1993).47,(DissolvedOxygen,DO)1m,0.36kg·m-3·d-1),1.81kg·m-3·d-1.TijhuisvanBenthum(BiofilmAifliftSuspension,BAS),()(Tijhuisetal.,1995;vanBenthumetal.,1996).,().,,,.2090(Adavetal.,2008).Krishna,-β-(poly-β-hydroxybutyrate,PHB),(KrishnaandvanLoosdrecht,1999);4503:(SequencingBatchReactor,SBR)PHB(vanLoosdrechtetal.,1997).MorgenrothSBR,CODSBR(Morgenrothetal.,1997).SBR,.,1997,(1).:1　SCIFig.1　SCIpaperonaerobicgranularsludgeresearch,;,.,.,.3　(Theperformanceofaerobicgranularsludge)、、.,.3.1　形态及粒径(floc),,,(Tayetal.,2001a).,,,(2).,(2e)、(2f).2　Fig.2　Theaerobicgranulescultivatedwithdifferentsubstrates451　　　　　　　　　　29　　,(,2002;Grotenhuisetal.,1991;El-Mamounietal.,1995;Beunetal.,2002;Tayetal.,2002b).,(LiuandTay,2002;Liuetal.,2003b).MuandYu(2006).、(Muetal.,2008).0.30～8.00mm,()0.6(MishimaandNakamura,1991;Shinetal.,1992;Morgenrothetal.,1997;Beunetal.,1999;Tayetal.,2001a;Tayetal.,2001b;Tayetal.,2001c;Beunetal.,2002;Arrojoetal.,2004).0.15mm,...,.,、;4.0mm,,(Tohetal.,2003).3.2　沉降性能,(Anuaretal,2007).(sludgevolumeindex,SVI).SVI.SVI90mL·g-1,50mL·g-1,120～150mL·g-1(Jiangetal.,2002;Tohetal.,2003;Tayetal.,2005a).25～70m·h-1,,3(LiuandTay,2004).7～10m·h-1(Camposetal.,1999).,、,,(,2007b).,,.,COD(Kimetal.,2008).,、(SBR),,0.5mm,,SVI77mL·g-1(,2008).Ca2+,,SVI19.2mL·g-1.CaCO3(,2008).3.3　密度与强度,.1.004～1.065g·L-1,1.002～1.006g·L-1(,1999;EttererandWilderer,2001;Tayetal.,2001b;Tsunedaetal.,2003).(Tohetal.,2003).(Renetal.,2008).(integritycoefficient).5min(200r·min-1).,95%,(Tayetal.,2002c;Tohetal.,2003)..3.4　生物活性(SpecificOxygenUtilizationRate,SOUR),.SOUR,(,1999).SOUR48mg·g-1·h-1,55.9～96.5mg·g-1·h-1(Morgenrothetal.,1997;Tayetal.,2001a).,,SOUR110mg·g-1·h-1(Jiangetal.,