好氧生化污水处理厂化学品暴露预测模型构建周林军

37120161ENVIＲONMENTALSCIENCEVol．37No．1Jan．2016121*112*1.2100422.210009．、/、、、、=283K、=2m·s－1=3.5m3·d－1、BOD5=0.15g·L－1、SS=0.2kg·m－3、SS=0.02kg·m－3、BOD5=90%、dw=1.6kg·L－3、0.18～0.19、、Whitman、、9C-STPOSTP．C-STPO2681%52.5%～6.3%C-STPO、、、．STP．X820.4X824A0250-3301201601-0228-12DOI10．13227/j．hjkx．2016．01．0302015-06-152015-08-278632013AA060A3082013090281986～[e-mail]*[e-mail]@njtech．edu．cnDevelopmentofChemicalExposurePredictionModelforAerobicSewageTreatmentPlantforBiochemicalWastewatersZHOULin-jun12LIUJi-ning1*SHILi-li1FENGJie1XUYan-hua2*1.NanjingInstituteofEnvironmentalSciencesMinistryofEnvironmentalProtectionNanjing210042China2.CollegeofEnvironmentNanjingTechUniversityNanjing210009ChinaAbstractSewagetreatmentplantSTPisakeytransferstationforchemicalsdistributedintodifferentenvironmentcompartmentandhencemodelsofexposurepredictionplayacrucialroleintheenvironmentalriskassessmentandpollutionpreventionofchemicals．AmassbalancemodelnamelyChineseSewagetreatmentplantC-STPOwasdevelopedtopredictthefateandexposureofchemicalsinaconventionalsewagetreatmentplant．Themodelwasexpressedas9mixedboxesbycompartmentofairwatersuspendedsolidsandsettledsolids．Itwasbasedontheminimuminputdatarequiredonthenotificationinnewchemicalssuchasmolecularweightabsorptioncoefficientvaporpressurewatersolubilityreadyorinherentbiodegradability．TheenvironmentconditionsTemperature=283Kwindspeed=2m·s－1andtheclassicSTPscenarioparametersofChinaespeciallythescenarioparametersofwaterqualityandsludgepropertieswereadoptedinC-STPOmodeltoreflectChinesecharacteristicstheseparametersweresewageflowof35000m3·d－1influentBOD5of0.15g·L－1influentSSof0.2kg·m－3effluentSSof0.02kg·m－3BOD5removalinaeratorof90%sludgedensityof1.6kg·L－3andorganiccarboncontentof0.18-0.19．Itadoptedthefugacityexpressformechanismoflinearabsorptionfirst-orderdegradationWhitmantworesistances．Anoverallinterphasetransferconstantwhichwasthesumofsurfacevolatilizationandstrippingwasusedtoassessthevolatilizationinaerator．ThemostimportantanduncertaininputvaluewasthebiodegradationrateconstantanddeterminationofwhichrequiredatierteststrategyfromreadyorinherentbiodegradabilitydatatosimulatetestinSTP．AnextrapolatedcriterionofUSEPAtoderivebiodegradationrateconstantusingtheresultsofreadyandinherentbiodegradabilitywascomparedwiththatofEUandwasrecommended．C-STPOwasvalidtopredicttherelativeemissionofvolatilizationabsorptiondegradationandeffluentongroundofbothsuccessfulsimulationoftheremovalof26chemicalsfromreferenceswithanaccuracyrateof81%andconsistencyofpredictionandtestwithabsolutedifferenceof2.5%-6.3%for5phenols．Incasesofpredictionofthreechemicalswithdifferentproperties112-trichloroethaneNaphthaleneandDEHPthepredictedfatewellsatisfiedthemonitordata．Themodelisthereforebelievedtobeasimplerobustandusefultoolinfatestudyandexposureassessmentofchemicals．Keywordssewagetreatmentplantmodelchemicalexposuredegradation4.6．1、．sewagetreatmentplantSTP1．70%2、STP＞0.1μg·L－134．STP5．STP、、．STP．STPSTP1STP、6Urase7、Plósz8、9～12STPSimpleTreat9STPWIN1011．STP、STP．STP1STP、、．36～8STPSimpleTreatSTPWIN912、、STP．STPO90、、、、STPSTP、、STPOSTP．O、、C-STPOSTP．1STPTable1SummaryandAnalysisofExistingSTPmodelsO√√√、6UraseO√×√、7PlószA/O√×√—8CloutierO√××—3StruijsO√√√9MackeyO√√√1011ByrnsO√√√1211.1O、、．．92237．1．、、．STP1STP、0．1ij、、ijij．9、15、61．．1．－kiciVi+ΣAij×ci+ΣXij×ci=011C-STPOFig．1ConceptionfigureofC-STPOmodelkiis－1ciimol·m－3Viim3Aijm3·s－1Xijm3·s－1．92．Aij、Xij、c02c03、、．21Table2MatrixesoftotalmassbalanceequationA10+X12+X15+X17×c1－X21×c2+X51×c5+X71×c7=0A25+X21+X23×c2－X12×c1+X32×c3=A02×c02A36+A34+X32×c3－X23×c2=A03×c03A40×c4－A34×c3=0A57+X51+X56+k×V5×c5－A25×c2+X15×c1+X65×c6=0A68+X65×c6－A36×c3+A96×c9+X56×c5=0A70+X71+X78×c7－A57×c5++X17×c1+X87×c8=0A80+A89+X87×c8－A68×c6+X78×c7=0A90+A96×c9－A89×c8=01c02STPg·m－3c03STPg·m－31.2STP、STP．．STP、．1.2.1STP-KPL·kg－1、-KHks－1．SimpleTreat/Koc/Kow/Sg·L－1、Mkg·mol－1、PPaHPa·m3·mol－1DT50d．“”Koc、、S、M、P、KowM、Koc、P、S、03211516．1.2.217201410.1℃9.6℃0.5℃．1～2m·s－1．T283KWS2m·s－1．2STPFig．2China'swaterqualityofSTPinfluentbydocumentsstudy．．STP-17．1.2.3STP1SimpleTreat、、BODSTP．、Qm3·d－1、BOD5．194436STP3.5m3·d－1Q35000m3·d－1．“”GB50014-200620、、HＲT2、10、4hhm4、3、3m．Vm3V=Q×HＲT/24Aream2Area=V/hSTPArea_STPm28507m2．SSkg·m－3ＲHOkg·L－3V=V×SS/ＲHO×10000.1mV=0.1×Area．STPhair10mV1=Area_STP×10=85070m3．2．21308SS200mg·L－12a281BOD5150mg·L－12b．22274SS12mg·L－12c310BOD510mg·L－12d．STPⅢ23STP“”GB18918-200224BBOD5SS20mg·L－1．13237SS20mg·L－1．STP2/313/36BOD23/36BODBOD5FBOD90%25．BODPsludgekg·d－1263．Psludge=Q×BODO×FBOD×Ysludge3Ysludgekg·kg－1BODOBOD5g·L－1FBODBOD5Ysludgekg·kg－1．Mikkelsen27Ysludge4．Ysludge=0.947+0.0739×lnkSLＲ4kSLＲkg·kg－1FBODlnkSLＲ=0.818－FBOD/0.0422FBOD=0.9kSLＲ0.14kg·kg－1．、、、10．18%～31%20%1.2～2kg·L－11.6kg·L－1．3．3．3C-STPOSimpleTreat1Table3ParametersofenvironmentalconditionsandscenariousedinC-STPOmodelＲSPSOSLSairABABABABABiT/K283288iQ/m3·d－1350002000————————iWS/m·s－1————————23iHＲT/h——22106.966——cV/m3—2917167145835758750500850704000ih/m——4433331010cArea/m2——72941.64861191.729171678507400cFarea——0.0860.1040.5710.4790.3430.418——iAＲ/m3·s－1————0.130.13————iＲHO/kg·L－31.61.51.