荷电纳滤膜

*(450002)TheChargedNanofiltrationMembraneZhangHaoqin,WanYazhen,LiuJindun*,LiuHaixia(SchoolofChemicalEngineering,ZhengzhouUniversity,Zhengzhou450002)AbstractThedevelopmentonchargednanofiltration(NF)membrane,whichincludesthepreparingmethods,thecharacterizationtechniques,thetransportmechanismmodelsandtheirapplications,wasintroduedinthispaper.ThepotentialmeasureforsolvingthesubsistentproblemsencounteredinthedevelopmentofthechargedNFmembranewassuggested.Thenegativelychargedmembraneshavebeensuccessfullyapplied,butthepositivelychargedmembranesneedtobedevelopedinfurther.Althoughmanyadvancedapparatuseshavebeenusedforcharacterizationofmembranes,itisverydifficulttomeasuresomeimportantparametersofthemembranes.Thusitwillbeveryimportanttoestablishthestandardmethodfortestingandcharacterizingthesemembranes.Manytransportmechanismmodelshavebeenproposedsuchasthespace-chargemodel,theelectrostaticandsteric-hindrancemodel,Donnanstericporemodelanddielectricexclusionetc.Howeverthesemodelsneedtobefurtherdevelopedfortheseparationofmixtures.ThefoulingandcleaningofNFmembranesshouldbethoroughlyinvestigatedinthecommercialapplications.Comparedwiththedevelopedcountry,ChinahastoenhanceitsappliedresearchaswellasthebasicresearchsoastopromotetheindustrialapplicationofthechargedNFmembranes.KeywordsChargedNanofiltrationmembrane,Preparation,Characterization,Application,Separationmechanism45*Email:[e-mail](2001KYCX006)2004-02-142004-07-12[12],,;1,(),,1.1:1.1.1()FilmTecNF40NF40HFUTC-20HFUTC-60ATMATF-30ATF-50NFNF200NF27050%65%(TOC)(0.5MPa)NF90[3][4,5][6,11]1.1.2100140NTR-7410NTR-7450DesalinationDesal-5(PVA),,NTR-7250110NTR-739HF[6][12](),,,1.2,;,,[13]1.2.1[14](PAN)201.2.22,6(PPO)()[15]NaClMgCl1.2.3N-[16]2[17](SEM)(TEM)(AFM)[18]2.2(I.E.C)(I.E.C),,,[19,20]Schaep[19]3Donnan3.1Donnan()DonnanDonnanDonnanPatricio[21]Donnan3.2Nernst-PlankPoisson-Boltzmann()[22][23]Bowen[23]Andriy[24](dielectricexclusion)Bandini[25]DonnanDonnansteric(DSPMandDE)4,,[26]NT[27][28]5215.1[29]5.25.3[30][31][1]HMatsuyama,YKitamura.J.Appl.Polym.Sci.,1999,72:397~404.[2]AEYaroshchuk.J.Membr.Sci.,2000,167:149~161[3]RJPetersen.J.Membr.Sci.,1993,83:81~150.[4]WEMicols.USP:6562266,2003.[5]WCRice,JPPuglia.USP:6536605,2003.[6]WZhang,GHHe,PGaoetal.Sep.Purif.Technol.,2003,30:27~35.[7],,.,2001,21(1):1~3.[8],,.,2001,21(3):11~15.[9],,.2001,27(6):643~647.[10],,.,1999,26(3):38~45.[11],,.,2004,18(1):28~32.[12],,.,2002,:156~158.[13],,.,2001,20(1):79~83.[14],,.,2002,17(2):63~66.[15]TQXu,WHYang.J.Membr.Sci.,2003,215(1-2):25~32.[16]TYoshinobu.J.Membr.Sci.,1999,163:277~282.[17],,.,2001,21(6):34~39.[18],,.,2003,22(),237~240.[19]JSchaep,CVandecasteele.J.Membr.Sci.,2001,188(1):129~136.[20]AEChildress,MElinelech.Environ.Sci.Technol.,2000,34(17):3710~3716.[21]RPatricio,AAntonio,MSalvad.J.ColloidInterfaceSci.,2002,253:171~179.[22].,2001,(2):86~90.[23]WRBowen,SWJulian,Chem.Eng.Sci.,2002,57:1121~1137.[24]EYAndriy,Sep.Purif.Technol.,2001,22~23:143~158.[25]SBandini,DVezzani.Chem.Eng.Sci.,2003,58(15):3303~3326.[26],,.,2002,22(3):6~10.[27],.,2001,21(2):6~13.[28].,2002(2):40~45.[29],,.,2004,18(2):146~151.[30]JStraatsma,GBargeman,HCvanderHorst.J.Membr.Sci.,2002,198:273~284.[31].(),,2003.