红树林人工湿地污水净化的研究进展曾雯珺

曾雯珺,廖宝文＊　(,510520)　红树林湿地地处生态环境脆弱的海岸带,因此,将天然林用作污水排放地具有一定的风险性,并且红树林人工湿地用作净化污水的方法还不够成熟。通过对红树林人工湿地净化污水的历史与机理的综述,提出红树林人工湿地用于净化污水存在的问题,并提出了将来研究应予以重视的方向,以期为红树林人工湿地净化污水的设想运用到实践中提供参考。　红树林;人工湿地;污水净化;机理;进展　X703　　　A　　　0517-6611(2008)29-12867-03ResearchProgressofSewagePurificationinMangroveConstructedWetlandZENGWen-junetal　(ResearchInstituteofTropicalForest,ChinaAcademyofForestry,Guangzhou,Guangdong510520)Abstract　Mangroveecosystem,locatedincoastalzone,wassofragileaecosystemthattherewererisksoflettingsewageintonaturalman-grove.Andtheideaofusingmangrovewetlandforsewagepurificationasnotmature.Throughthesummaryofthesewagepurificationhistoryandmechanismofmangroveconstructedwetland,theexistingproblemsofmangroveconstructedwetlandusedtopurifysewagewereputfor-ward.Thedirectionwhichshouldbeattachedimportancetoinfutureresearchwasproposed,inordertoprovidereferencesfortheapplicationofideasewagepurificationinmangroveconstructedwetlandinpractice.Keywords　Mangrove;Constructedwetland;Sewagepurification;Mechanism;Progress　广州市林业局资助项目“广州南沙红树林湿地环境效应监测”;“十一五”国家科技支撑计划专题(2006BAD03A1402)。　曾雯珺(1985-),女,江西鹰潭人,硕士研究生,研究方向:湿地恢复生态。＊通讯作者,研究员,E-mail:[e-mail]。　2008-07-24　　,。,,,,[1],、,,,,。,。,、,3[2]。,(SurfaceFlowWetland,SFW)。,,。1　,1904(NewSouthWales)[3]。1972Kickuth,[4]。19969[5-6]。,600、。。,,、、、200。。“”。,、(1/5～1/6)、、,,、、,[7-8]。,、,—[9]。[10]。2　,。,、,,[11-13]。,,,,,、。,、,、,、,[14]。2.1　　,。、,[15-17]。:2.1.1　、。,500μg/g,JournalofAnhuiAgri.Sci.2008,36(29):12867-12869　李菲菲　　张士敏Zn7,SEMX-ray:Zn,Zn[18]。Drennran,,,[19]。,,Pb、Cd[20-21]。,pH、Eh、、[22]。Molone[23]。MacFarlane,Zn,Zn,,。2.1.2　。,[SOD、CAT、POD、(GR)][(ASA)、(GSH)(VitE)]。VanAssche,,POD[24],,POD[25]。MacFarlanePODCu、ZnPb,Cu0～800μg/g,POD;Pb0～800μg/g,POD,;Zn0～1000μg/g,POD[26]。2.1.3　。(Rhabdodremalineare)、(Anabaenaspp.)、(Trachelomomascurta)、(Euglenaspp.)。、,,[27]。2.2　　,,。、、,。,。,,[28]。,,,,[29]。,2056hm2,,5462[30]。,[31],、,[32]。2.3　　Oostrom,,13%,87%-[33]。,,、[34-35]。,,,[36-37]。[38],1(28℃),99.9%()92.0%(),70.0%()。77.4%,43.2%;71.4%,40.2%。[a](BaP),,BaP20mg/L,63d32.85%BaP[39]。,3,2～3,70.0%(12d)[40]。,。,“”[41]。,、。,Cd≤0.5μg/L,PODSOD,0.5μg/L,PODSOD,,,[42]。CdCd。Cd,[43]。,,。3　,,,,、。,,,,:(、),、、;,12868　　　　　　　　　　安徽农业科学　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　2008,,、,,。,,。:、、、、、、,,:。,。,,。、、、,,,,。。GeorgeTchobanogious、、,[44],。,,,(),。,。、,,。[1]黄立南,蓝崇钰,束文圣.污水排放对红树林湿地生态系统的影响[J].生态学杂志,2000,19(2):13-19.[2]TennesseValleyAuthority.Riverbasinoperationswaterresources,destruc-tionsofconstructedwetlandsfortreatmentofmunicipalwastewater,monito-ryreportfortheperiod:March1988toOctober1989[R].1990.[3]TREVORPRICE,DOUGLASPROBERT.Roleofconstructedwetlandsinenvironmentally-sustainabledevelopments[J].AppliedEnergy,1997,57:129-174.[4]KICKUTHR.OkochemischeleistungenhohererPflanzen[J].Naturwiss,1970,57:55-61.[5]籍国东,孙铁珩,李顺.人工湿地及其在工业废水处理中的应用[J].应用生态学报,2002,13(2):224-228.[6]梁继东,周启星,孙铁珩.人工湿地污水处理系统研究及性能改进分析[J].生态学杂志,2003,22(2):49-55.[7]COLEMANJ,HENCHK,GARBUTTK,etal.Treatmentofdomesticwastewaterbythreeplantspeciesinconstructedwetlands[J].Water,AirandSoilPollution,2001,128(3/4):283-295.[8]丁玲,沈耀良.人工湿地处理技术及其研究进展[J].江苏环境科学,2006,19(2):34-37.[9]彭友贵,陈桂珠,佘忠明,等.红树林滩涂海水种植-养殖生态耦合系统初步研究[J].中山大学学报:自然科学版,2004,43(6):150-154.[10]叶勇,谭凤仪,卢昌义.红树林系统处理牲畜废水营养盐的研究[J].环境科学学报,2001,21(2):224-228.[11]籍国东,倪晋仁.人工湿地废水生态处理系统的作用机制[J].环境污染治理技术与设备,2004,5(6):71-75.[12]JAMESJ.InvestigationofnitrogentransformationsinasouthernCaliforniaconstruetedwastewatertreatmentwetland[J].EcologicalEngineering,2000,14:49-65.[13]ROBERTH.Chemiealphysicalandbiologicalcycleintreatmentwetland[J].WatSciTech,1999,40(3):37-44.[14]吴晓磊.人工湿地废水处理机理[J].环境科学,1994,16(3):83-87.[15]GERSBERGRM,ELKINSBV.Roleofaquaticplantsinwastewatertreatmentbyartificialwetlands[J].WatRes,1986,20:363-368.[16]KOOTTATEPT,POLPRASERTC.Roleofplantuptakeonnitrogenre-movalinconstructedwetlandslocatedinthetropics[J].WatSciTech,1997,36(12):1-8.[17]周巧红,吴振斌,付贵,等.人工湿地基质中酶活性和细菌生理群的时空动态特征[J].环境科学,2005,26(2):108-112.[18]MACFARLANEGR,BURCHETTMD.Zincdistributionandexcretionintheleavesofgreymangrove,Avicenniamarina(Forsk)Vierh[J].Environ-mentalExperimentalBotany,1999,41:167-175.[19]DRENNRANP,PAMMENTERNW.Physiologyofsaltexcretioninthemangrove,AvicenniamarinaForsk[J].VierhNewPhyilol,1982,91:597-606.[20]林鹏.中国红树林生态系统[M].北京:科学出版社,1997:297-316.[21]WONGYS,TAMFY,LANCY.Mangrovewetlandsaswastewatertreat-mentfacility:Afieldtrial[J].Hydrobiologa,1997,352:49-59.[22]杨晔,陈英旭,孙振世.重金属胁迫下根基效应的研究进展[J].农业环境保护,2001,20(1):55-58.[23]MOLONEC,KOEPPEDE,MILLERRJ.Localizationoflesdaccumula-tionbycornplants[J].PlantPhysiol,1974,3:388-394.[24]VANASSCHEFV,CLIJSTERSH.Effectsofmetalsonenzymeactivityinplants[J].PlantCellEnvironment,1990,13:195-206.[25]KORICHEVAJ,ROYS,VRANJICJA,etal.Antioxidantresponsestosimulatedacidrainandheavymetaldepositioninbirchseedlings[J].En-vironPollut,1997,95:249-258.[26]MACFARLANEGR,BURCHETTMD.Photosyntheticpigmentsandperox-idaseactivityasindicatorsofheavymetalstressinthegreymangrove,Avi-cenniamarina(Forsk)Vierh[J].MarinePolluBullt,2001,42(3):233-240.[27]刘玉,陈桂珠,缪绅裕.深圳福田红树林系统藻类生态及系统净化功能研究[J].环境科学研究,1994,7(6):29-34.[28]缪绅裕,陈桂珠.人工湿地中的磷在模拟秋茄湿地系统中的分配与循环[J].生态学报,1999,19(2):236-241.[29]陈博谦,王星,尹澄清.湿地土