搜索
163湖北省湿地生态系统服务功能评价*雷波(1)石道良(2)刘胜祥(1)(1.华中师范大学生命科学学院武汉430079;2.湖北省野生动植物保护总站武汉430079):运用市场价值法生态价值法固碳价值法影子工程法等计算方法及国内外的研究成果,分资源功能生态功能和人文功能对湖北省湿地的生态系统服务功能进行了评价结果表明:湖北省湿地的生态系统服务功能总价值为427984亿元/a,其中湿地的固碳产氧价值最大,为160606亿元/a,占总价值的3753%湖北省湿地的直接价值为155309亿元/a,间接价值为272675亿元/a湖北省湿地有着重要的多样的生态系统服务功能,其中固碳产氧是最主要的服务功能,在调节大气组分,减缓温室效应等方面有重要的意义:生态系统;服务功能;湖北湿地TheEvaluationofWetlandsEcosystemServicesFunctioninHubeiProvinceLeiBo(1)ShiDaoliang(2)LiuShengxiang(1)(1.CollegeofLifeScience,CentralChinaNormalUniversityWuhan430079;2.GeneralStationofWildlifeFaunaandFloraConservationinHubeiProvinceWuhan430079)Abstract:Thecalculationmethodssuchasthemarketvaluemethod,theecologicalvaluemethod,carbonsequestrationvaluemethod,theshadowengineeringmethodandresultsofresearchdomesticandinternationalhavebeenused,theecosystemservicesfunctionofwetlandsinHubeiProvincewasevaluatedintermsofresourcefunction,ecologicalfunctionandhumanfeatures.Theresultsshowedthat:thetotalvalueofwetlandecosystemservicefunctioninHubeiProvinceis427984billionyuaneachyear,inwhich,thevalueofcarbonsequestrationandoxygencapacityismaximum,isabout160606billionyuaneachyear,about3753%ofthetotalvalue.ThedirectvalueofwetlandsinHubeiProvinceis155309billionyuaneachyear,theindirectvalueis272,675billionyuaneachyear.ThereareimportantanddiverseecosystemservicesfunctionforwetlandsinHubeiProvince,inwhich,carbonsequestrationandcapacityofoxygenisthemostimportantservicefunction,itisofsignificancetoregulatecompositionofatmosphericandslowdownthegreenhouseeffectetc.Keywords:cosystem;servicefunction;wetlandsinHubeiProvince132009112~5,,!∀!∀,33255#104hm2,,,[1]Costanza[2],,10*:2010-01-052010.31,,,4,,33255#104hm2,1789%[3]2[4][5][6~7][8]33.1湿地的资源功能3.1.1物质生产CryzasativaL.(1)::M1=D1#(E1#P1-W1),M1(/a),D1(hm2),E1,P1(kg/hm2),W1(/hm2)20087509kg/hm2[9],18/kg,39325/hm2,:200816375/a(2):M2=Ei#Di,M2(/a),Eii,Dii(kg)200827225#109kg03429#109kg00323#109kg[10],,7,32,20/kg,:3067647051/a3.1.2供给灌溉,,M3=E3#D3,M3(/a),E3,21/m3,D3(m3)200827071m3,:56849/a3.1.3航道运输229,8385km,6,,M4=E4#D4+Q4#P4,M4,E4Q4(t/km)(/km),D4P4200841617t/km,230/km,008/t∃km,046/∃km,:3435/a3.1.4能源生产3310kw,35783/a:M5=E5#D5,M5,E5,D5,2008119275kw∃h,030/kw∃h3.2湿地的生态环境功能3.2.1固碳释氧,,IPCC,(100cm),1116343tC/hm2,643tC/hm2[11],IPCC2tC/hm2,[12]1295tC/hm2;;O2:M6=E6#D6#Q6,M6(/a),E6,5~25/t,15/t(1023/t),D6,Q6O2:M7=E7#D7,M7(/a),E704/kg,D7(t),1/3,:131714/a,O228892/a160606/a1/104hm2/104tCCO2/104tC/(a-1)O2/104tCO2/(a-1)5390231770849823237162949925180161691039666738121112106358--1062843738970936108729629499251801708634172125297350928133713170862212637811300222635--22468098238300229859281337131287524647209235131714722312288923.2.2防洪滞沥,,,M8=E8#D8,M8(/a),E81m3,D8(m3),10%,200830212m32195m3,611100m393517m3,1990,1m3,067,62656/a3.2.3净化水质,,,Costanza,4177/(hm2∃a),M9=E9#D9,M9(/a),E9,4177/(hm2∃a),2848714/(hm2∃a),D9()46061/a3.2.4生物栖息地,82255671,,5,%BraseniaSchreberiJ.F.Gmel.1,&Ceratopteristhalitroides(L)Brongnceratopterispteridoides(Hook)HieronNelumbonuciferaGaertnTrapanatansL43071410,40,3334%,1637%[13]Costanza,304/hm2(122010.3207328/hm2),:M10=E10#D10,M10(/a),E10,D10()3352/a3.3湿地的人文功能3.3.1教学科研,,,M11=E11#D11,,M11(/a),E11(),D1138200/hm2Costanza861/hm2312701/hm25056/a3.32生态旅游,Costanza57400/hm2(39147/hm2)[14]49109/hm2,44128/hm2,:M12=E12#D12,M12(/a),E12,D12()7135/a4:10,,427984/a2:10,160606/a,3753%;,62656,56849,47051/a,1464%1328%1099%;46061/a,1076%;35783/a,836%;,7135,5056,3435,3352/a,167%118%083%078%2/(a-1)/%47051109956849132834350803578383650561187135167155309362816060637536265614644606110763352078272675637142798410011:,,,CO2,,,10:,155309/a,(上转第9页)132010.333.1单位面积改善小气候效益价值比较1:22260hm210271hm24042hm24028hm24000hm21607hm2:3484/a1607/a633/a630/a626/a251/a4,,,,,,,,2008,,,,,,,,,,,,[1]刘立军.城市绿地改善小气候的功能和程度研究.能源与环境,2009,29:129.[2]张家来,李玲,刑付英等.湖北省不同地区森林生态资源经济价值量研究.华中农业大学学报,2008,27(4):527~531.[3]曹丹,周立晨,毛义伟等.上海城市公共开放空间夏季小气候及舒适度.应用生态学报,2008,19(8):1797~1802.[4]国家林业局.LY/T1721-2008森林生态系统服务功能评估规范.北京:中国标准出版社,2008.(下接第13页)3629%:,272675/a,6371%,,,,!∀[1]RichardT.Woodward,YongSuhkWui.TheEconomicValueofWetlandServices:aMetaanalysis.EcologicalEconomics,2001,(37):257~270.[2]CostanzaR.TheValueoftheword∋secosystemandnaturalcapital.Nature,1997,387:253~260.[3]庹德政,刘胜祥.湖北湿地.武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2006.[4]欧阳志云,王如松,赵景柱.生态系统服务功能及其生态经济价值评价.应用生态学报,1999,(5):636~640.[5]陈鹏.厦门湿地生态系统服务功能价值评估.湿地科学,2006,4(2):101~104.[6]刘子刚.土壤碳储存功能价值评估方法探讨-以三江平原湿地土壤为例.自然资源学报,2006,21(2):180~187.[7]吴玲玲,陆健健,童春富等.长江口湿地生态系统服务功能价值的评估.长江流域资源与环境,2003,12(5):411~416.[8]任志远.区域生态环境服务功能经济价值评价的理论与方法.经济地理,2003,(1):1~4.[9]中国农业年鉴编辑委员.中国农业年鉴2008.北京:中国农业出版社,2008.[10]湖北省统计局.湖北统计年鉴-2008.北京:中国统计出版社,2008.[11]IPCC.ClimateChang2001.Cambrige:CambrigeUniversityPress,2001.[12]刘庆华,史学正,于东升等.中国水稻土有机和无机碳的空间分布特征.生态环境,2006,15(4):659~664.[13]葛继稳.湿地资源及管理实证研究(((以!千湖之省∀湖北省为例.北京:科学出版社,2007.[14]谢高地,鲁春霞,冷允法等.青藏高原生态资产的价值评估.自然资源学报,2003,18(2),189~196.9