华北地区潜流人工湿地浮水植物气候适应性分析英文赵振国

StudyontheFloatingPlantClimaticAdaptationofUndercurrentConstructedWetlandinNorthChinaZHAOZhen-guo*LIUliNorthChinaUniversityofWaterResourcesandElectricPowerZhengzhou450011AbstractObjectiveTheaimwastochooseappropriatefloatingplantinthewetlandinthenorthChina．MethodPistiastratiotesL．Eich-horniacrassipesandHydrocharisdubiaBl．Backerwereplantedintheaquaticbiologicalpoolofconstructedsubsurfaceflowwetlandsysteminthereservoir．Throughfiledinvestigationthegrowthofthethreekindsofplantswasstudiedandtheiradaptabilitytothenorthernclimatewasconcluded．ResultJudgingfromthegrowthspeedandstateofthethreekindsoffloatingplantsthebiologicalcharacteristicofPistiastratiotesL．canperfectlyadapttheenvironmentinthepoolinthereservoirfollowedbytheEichhorniacrassipes．ThegrowthstateoftheHydrocharisdu-biaBl．Backerwastheworstoneanditcannotadapttothenorthenvironment．ConclusionItprovidedreferencesforthechoiceofartificialfloatingplantinthenortharea．KeywordsNorthChinaUndercurrentconstructedwetlandDuckwoodClimaticadaptationReceivedJune292011AcceptedAugust292011SupportedbyNationalWaterSpecialProjectRiverWaterEnvironmentComprehensiveManagementTechnologyStudyandComprehensivedemonstration2008ZX07209-002-002ChinaInstituteofWaterRe-sourcesandHydropowerResearchOpenFundIWHRKF201013．*[e-mail]hnologyissuitabletoChina'sna-tionalsituationespeciallyforthesewagetreatmentinthemassivecountrysideirrigationareaandmiddleandsmalltowns．IthasabroadapplicationfutureinChina1－2．Aftertheconstructionoftheconstructedwetlandtheoperationmanagementisanessentialjob．Thequestionashowtoexertthemaximumenvironmentaleconomicalandsocialeffectsoftheconstructedwetlandhasbeenanewsubject3－7．GuantingReservoirHeituwawetlandsystemdemonstra-tionprojectisaSino-GermanCooperatedProgramacrucialprojectforthekeytechnologystudyanddemonstrationofeco-logicalenvironmentintheYongdingheregion．Throughrecentyears'operationoftheconstructedwetlandtheconstructedwetlandhasbeenastableplantationclusterandonlytheaquaticpondpartneedadjustment．ThecurrentaquaticpondmainlyplantsEichhorniacrassipes．Thegeneralpurificationeffectisgoodandhasfinere-aerationeffect．Howeveritsgrowthconditionissometimesgoodandsometimesbad．Thevegetationvarietyissingle．Bytestplantingthevegetationintheaquaticpondwhenchoosingfloatingplantsfactorsasthehabitationplantationcoldtoleranceandhazardetc．ofdifferentfloatingplantstheprincipleistochoosetheonewithstrongfertilityandlargebiomass．Coupledwithclimateadapt-abilityappropriateaquaticplantsinthepondarechosen．MaterialandMethodGeneralsurveyofthestudiedareaFortheGuantingReservoirthestoragepollutionisthemainpollutantsabout92%ofthetotalamount．Inresponsetosuchsituationbydintoftheecologicalwetlandwaterquali-typurificationtechnologythepollutantsarestoppedinthemouthofthereservoirsoastoimprovethewaterqualityandtorecoverythefunctionofthewaterorigin．Theentirewetlandsystemisconsistedbythemouthoftheriverstabilizationpondundercurrentconstructedwetlandandsurfaceconstructedwetland．Theentirewetlandsystemdesigntreatmentcapacityis4m3/s．Thetreatmentcapacityoftheartificialwetlanddepthis0．4－0．5m3/s．Theunder-currentconstructedwetlandlocatesinthelandofthereservoirinthesouthsideoftheMoonIsland．Separatingthedamwiththereservoirthegeneralareais7．3hm2andisdividedintofourzonesnamelyIIIIIIandIVzone．IVzoneisde-signedbyGermanandtheothersaredesignedbyChina．ThestudyiscarriedoutinthezoneswhicharedesignedbyChinaIIIandIIIzone．Wetlandineachzoneisthesmallestunit．EachunitinthewetlandoperatedtogetherIVzonecanbeinparallelconnectionorseriesconnection．TherearetreatmentpondswithfourtofivegradientsineachunitwhichareTingshuiplantpondprimaryplantrubblesaquaticplantspondsecondaryplantrubblebedandsandfilter．Watergoesthroughthepipesortubes．Afterwetlandunittreatmentthewaterisreleasedfromthebasementofthepipeandformedrecedingpondbytheoutsidebeach．ThewaterflowingoutofthewetlandflowsintothereservoirthroughtheTuishuipond8．ThetypicalunitlongitudinalsectionofChineseunder-currentconstructedwetlandisshownintheFig．1．TestmethodAccordingtotherequirementoftheexperimentcontentandtherestraintofthenumberofHeituwaconstructedwet-landunitsthreekindsoffloatingplantswerechosenandno-plantbedwassetforcomparison．TherewerethreekindsofplantsPistiastratiotesL．EichhorniacrassipesandHydro-charisdubiaBl．Backer．PlantationstartedfromMay242009．Throughtheentiregrowthperiodthegrowthofthreekindsofaquaticplantsvariedgreatly．Anotherexperimentcar-riedoutagainonMay242010．Theentiregrowthprocessesofthethreekindsofplantswereobserved．Thegrowthcondi-tionsofthreekindsofaquaticplantswerecompared．ResultsandAnalysesThegrowthofthreekindsofaquaticplantsOnMay24ineachyearseedlingswereplanted．Inor-dertobeeasyforcomparisontheplantdensitywasthesame1plantperm2．OnJune21theplantsweregenerallyAgriculturalScience＆Technology20111291331－1333Copyright2011InformationInstituteofHAAS．Allrightsreserved．ResourcesandEnvironmentDOI:10.16175/j.cnki.1009-4229.2011.09.004inbadgrowthstate．Thepotentialreasonsmightbelargescaleofwindintheareaabundantplantsseedlingsbeingbl