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3(,210093)(,210013),.,Daphniamagna,C18,.C18,,,44.6%32.9%.CauseidentificationofecotoxicityofchemicalindustrialwastewaterAcasestudy.YangXu2an,JinHongjun,YinDaqiang,YuHongxia,ChengHuimin(StateKeyLaboratoryofPollu2tionControlandResourceRecovery,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing210093),LouXiaoandXueGuangpu(NanjingMunicipalEnvironmentalMonitoringStation,Nanjing210013).2Chin.J.Appl.Ecol.,1998,9(5):525528.ThecauseidentificationofecotoxicityofwastewaterdischargedfromachemicalplantinNan2jingshowsthatthewastewaterwasacutelytoxictoDaphniamagna.TheeffluenttoxicitycouldberemovedthroughC18solid2phaseextraction,andtheprimarytoxicantsineffluentwerenonpolarorganicchemicalcompounds.ByC18solid2phaseextraction,itwasfoundthatthema2jordoubtfultoxicantsineffluentwerebenzopyroneandphenol,whichwerethekeytoxicantsresultingineffluenttoxicity,withacontributionof44.6%and32.9%,respectively.KeywordsToxicityidentificationevaluation,Chemicalindustrialwastewater,Benzopyrone,Phenol.3(BK9704)(9726).1997-09-11,1998-07-08.1,.,[8].80,,(ToxicityIdentificationE2valuation,TIE),[1012].TIE[9].,,,[17].,TIE.,.,,,19981095CHINESEJOURNALOFAPPLIEDECOLOGY,Oct.1998,9(5)525528TIE.22.1.:pH8.0;1150scm-1;(SS)51mgL-1;CODCr675mgL-1;DO8.35mgL-1.2.23Daphniamagna[10],.(LC50)(%),LC50(mgL-1).LC50TrimmedSpearman2Karbert(TSK)Pro2gramVersion1.5[13].(TU)=100%LC50.TU=LC50.2.3[1012]2.3.1:/,pHpH/pH//C18pH/pHEDTANa2S2O3..,,.2.3.2:C18(SPE)pH3,8C18SPE,8SPE.SPE,,SPE.SPE/(GC/MS),LC50,.2.3.3:,,,[6].1113143141,,..,.=TUTU100%,.33.11,Daphniamagna24hLC5035.4%,TU2.8.pHpH/24hLC50,TU0.4,,;pH//C18pH/,pH3,TU0,.pHipH9pH11(0.91.4TU).C18;pH(pH6pH7pH8),;ED2TANa2S2O3,EDTANa2S2O3,EDTANa2S2O362591/Table1Resultsoftoxicitytestsofeffluentbeforeandafterphysical/chemistrialtreatments/Physical/chemicaltreatmentspH24hLC50(95%C.I.)(%)TUUntreatedpHi35.4(-)a2.8pHpHadjustmentpH330.8(24.039.4)3.2pHi35.4(-)2.8pH1140.6(31.752.0)2.5pH/pHadjustment/filtrationpH340.6(26.462.4)2.5pHi35.4(-)2.8pH1135.4(-)2.8pH//C18pH3NMb0pHadjustment/filtration/C18solidphaseextractionpHi61.6(48.078.9)1.6pH935.4(-)2.8pH/pHadjustment/aerationpH3NM0PHi53.6(39.672.6)1.9pH1170.7(-)1.4pHGradientpHpH635.4(-)2.8pH735.4(-)2.8pH835.4(-)2.8EDTAadditionpHi(-)c(-)Na2S2O3additionpHi(-)(-)a)95%,b),c),LC50TU.Na2S2O3.,:;;;;.C18,C18,.3.2,C18pH3,C18SPE,80%SPE,24hLC5058.9%,TU1.7,2.8TU,60.7%.,C1860%[6],C18,80%SPE.SPEGC/MSLC50,,80.819.6mgL-1.,24hLC5064.821.5mgL-1,TU1.250.92.3.32,111314(TU2),.3141(TU0.4),.41,.1.25+0.92=2.17TU,(2.8TU)77.5%.,7255:2:Table2ResultsofbenzopyroneandphenolmixturetoxicitytestsBenzopyrone:phenol24hLC50(95%C.I.)(%)TUTUofmixtureTUTUsumofbenzopyroneandphenol1117.7(-)5.653.571315.4(12.019.7)6.494.121415.4(10.023.7)6.494.243126.8(18.938.0)3.733.434126.8(19.836.3)3.733.3444.6%32.9%.44.1.80.819.6mgL-1,.44.6%32.9%.4.2,,,.1Amato,J.R.etal.1992.Anexampleoftheidentifi2cationofdiazinonasaprimarytoxicantinaneffluent.Environ.Toxicol.Chem.,11:209216.2Ankley,G.T.andBurkhard,L.P.1992.Identifi2cationofsurfactantsastoxicantsinaprimaryefflu2ents.Environ.Toxicol.Chem.,11:12351248.3Burkhard,L.P.andDurhan,J.J.1991.Identifica2tionofnonpolartoxicantsineffluentsusingtoxicity2basedfractionationwithgaschromatography/massspectrometry.Analyt.Chem.,63:277283.4Burkhard,L.P.andJenson,J.J.1993.Identifica2tionofammonia,chlorineanddiazinonastoxicantsinamunicipaleffluent.Arch.Environ.Contam.Toxicol.,25:506515.5Jop,K.M.andAskew,A.M.1994.Toxicityiden2tificationevaluationusingashorttermchronictestwithCeriodaphniadubia.Bull.Environ.Con2tam.Toxicol.,53:9197.6Norberg2King,T.J.,Durhan,E.J.&Ankley,G.T.1991.Applicationoftoxicityidentificationevalua2tionprocedurestotheambientwatersofthecolusabasindrain,California.Environ.Toxicol.Chem.,10:891900.7Schubauer2Berigan,M.K.andAnkley,G.T.1991.Thecontributionofammonia,metalsandnonpolaror2ganiccompoundstothetoxicityofsedimentinterstitialwaterfromanIllinoisrivertributary.Environ.Tox2icol.Chem.,10:925939.8Thomas,N.J.1989.UseofbiomonitoringtocontroltoxicsintheUnitedStates.WaterSci.Tech.,20(10):101108.9UKEnvironmentAgency.1997.Theapplicationoftoxicity-basedcriteriafortheregulatorycontrolofwastewaterdischarges.DTANationalCentre,Envi2ronmentAgency,GuildbourneHouse,Worthing,WestSussex.10U.S.EPA.1991.Methodsforaquatictoxicityiden2tificationevaluations:phaseI,toxicitycharacteriza2tionprocedures.U.S.EPA-600/6-91/003,ERL2Duluth,Min.11U.S.EPA.1993a.Methodsforaquatictoxicityiden2tificationevaluations:phaseII,toxicityidentificationproceduresforsamplesexhibitingacuteandchronictoxicity.U.S.EPA-600/R-92/080,ERL2Du2luth,Min.12U.S.EPA.1993b.Methodsforaquatictoxicityiden2tificationevaluations:phaseIII,toxicityconfirmationproceduresforsamplesexhibitingacuteandchronictoxicity.U.S.EPA2600/R292/081,ERL2Duluth,Min.13U.S.EPA.1990.Trimmedspearman2karber(TSK)programversion1.5,EcologicalMonitoringResearchDivision,EnvironmentalMonitoringSystemsLabora2tory,U.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency,Cincin2nati,OH.8259