化学沉淀法脱除焦化废水中的氨氮史世庄

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271()Vol.27,No.120043J.ofWuhanUni.ofSci.&Tech.(NaturalScienceEdition)Mar.2004  :2003-11-20  :(1956-),,,.1,1,1,2(1.,,430081;2.(),,430082):研究了pH值、温度、化学试剂Na2HPO4·12H2O和MgCl2·6H2O的加入量等对焦化废水中氨氮脱除效果的影响。实验结果表明,当焦化废水中添加的Na2HPO4·12H2O和MgCl2·6H2O使NH4+∶Mg2+∶PO3-4的比率为1∶1∶1时,在pH=8~10的条件下,无论是均合池的生化进水还是混沉池的生化外排水,都可以将其氨氮含量脱除至10mg/L以下。:焦化废水;氨氮;化学沉淀法;磷酸铵镁:TQ028.3+8  :A  :1672-3090(2004)01-0028-03  ,NH+4-N300mg/L,(15mg/L)20[1]。A-OA-A/ONH+4-N,,NH+4-N,,。,,Na2HPO4·12H2OMgCl2·6H2O,,。1 1.1 NH+4-N,,。,NH+4-NNa2HPO4·12H2O,MgCl2·6H2O,,MgNH4PO4·6H2O(MAP),。:Mg2++HPO2-4+NH4++6H2O+H+※MgNH4PO4·6H2O↑+2H+(1)Mg2++HPO2-4+NH4++6H2O※MgNH4PO4·6H2O↑+H+(2)Mg2++HPO2-4+NH4++6H2O+OH-※MgNH4PO4·6H2O↑+H2O(3)(2.5×10-13),NH+4-N[2~4]。1.2 1.2.1 焦化废水()。,1。1 pH/mg·L-18.78322.056.72240.611.2.2 化学试剂Na2HPO4·12H2OMgCl2·6H2O,。1.3 200mL500mL,Na2HPO4·12H2O,MgCl2·6H2O,10mol/LNaOH,pH,10min,20min,,pH,。NH+4-N。Cη,η=(C1-C2)/C1×100%:C1———,mg/L;C2———,mg/L;η———,%。2 NH+4-N,,pH、,。2.1 pH(16℃),n(NH+4)∶n(Mg2+)∶n(PO3-4)=1∶1∶1,pHNH+4-N。1、2。 1 pH   2 pHCη   ○—;○—;   △—;△—1、2,pH,NH+4-N,,pH=9,NH+4-N10mg/L,,NH+4-N。NH+4-N,pH,NH+4-N,,pH=9,NH+4-N99%。,,。pHNH+4-NNH3·H2-OHPO2-4。MgNH4PO4·6H2O,Mg2++PO3-4+NH+4+6H2O※MgNH4PO4·6H2O↑(4),,Na2HPO4·12H2OMgCl2·6H2O,,MgCl2Mg2++2Cl-(5)Na2HPO42Na++HPO2-4(6)NH3·H2OHPO2-4MgNH4PO4·6H2O。NH3+H2ONH4++OH-Kb=1.75×10-5(7)HPO42-H++PO3-4Ka3=5.01×10-13(8)(7),pH,OH-,,NH+4,MgNH4PO4·6H2ONH+4-N;pH,OH-,,NH+4,MgNH4PO4·6H2ONH+4-N。(8),pH,H+,,PO3-4,MgNH4PO4·6H2ONH+4-N;pH,H+,,PO3-4,MgNH4PO4·6H2ONH+4-N。(7)(8),pH,NH+4PO3-4,MgNH4PO4·6H2ONH+4-N。pH8,PO3-4,MgNH4PO4,Mg(H2PO4)2;pH,MgNH4PO4Mg3(PO4)2,NH+4NH3,[5,6]。,pH=8~10,,,pH,。2.2 NH+4-Nn(NH+4)∶n(Mg2+)∶n(PO3-4)=1∶1∶1,pH=8~10,,,,,pH。3、4。 3 4 Cη◇—;◇—;□—;□—3、4,,NH+4-N,NH+4-N。NH4OHHPO2-4MgNH4PO4。2920041       ,:,,20~30℃,30~40℃,,,。2.3 Na2HPO4·12H2ONH+4-Nn(NH+4)∶n(Mg2+)=1∶1,pH=8~10,Na2HPO4·12H2O,NH+4-N。,Na2HPO4·12H2ON=n(PO3-4)/n(Mg2+)。5、6。56,Na2HPO4·12H2O,,,,。,N=1.05~1.10,5 NC○—;△—6 Nη○—;△—、;N1.10,、,、,P。,n(NH4+)∶n(Mg2+)∶n(PO3-4)=1∶1∶1NH+4-N。3 (1),pH(Na2HPO4·12H2O+MgCl2·6H2O),,15mg/L,。(2),pH=8~10、n(NH4+)∶n(Mg2+)∶n(PO43-)=1∶1∶1,。[1] [1],,.[J].,2002,3(6):72—74.[2] ,.[J].,1999,20(5):90—92.[3] .[J].,1999,(1):14—15.[4] HiroshiOno,NaokiOkada.RemovalofAmmonicalNitrogenfromWastewaters[J].Kokai,1977,(77):155—158.[5] .[J].,2000,(6):54—71.[6] ,,.[J].,1998,16(5):24—27.RemovalofAmmonicalNitrogenfromCokingWastewaterbyChemicalPrecipitationSHIShi-zhuang1,WANGXiang-ping1,QIAOGuo-qiang1,LEIXin-hong2(1.CollegeofChemicalEngineering,ResourcesandEnvironment,WuhanUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Wuhan430081,China;2.CokingCo.ofWISCO,Wuhan430082,China)Abstract:Chemicalprecipitaionwasusedtoremoveammonicalnitrogenfromcokingwastewaterintheformofmagnesiumammoniumphosphate.TheeffectsofsuchfactorsaspHvalue,temperature,dosagesofNa2HPO4·12H2OandMgCl2·6H2Oonremovalofammonicalnitrogenwerestudied.Theexperimentalresultsdemonstratedthat,whentheratioofNH+4∶Mg+2∶PO34wascontrolledat1∶1∶1andpH=8~10,am-monicalnitrogenwaseffectivelyremovedandfellbelow10mg/Lforbothuniforming-pondwaterandset-tling-pondwater.Keywords:cokingwastewater;ammonicalnitrogen;chemicalprecipitation;magnesiumammoniumphosphate[ ]30       ()         20041

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