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6419988 ADVANCESINENVIRONMENTALSCIENCE Vol.6,No.4Aug., 1998高士祥 王连生(南京大学环境科学与工程系,污染控制与资源化国家重点实验室,南京210093) :;;;。: 一、引 言,。α-,β-,γ-,6,7,8。β-,。,β-,,,,β-,。1 β-(β-1)。。。,[1],;,[2-4];[5],[6]。,[7],[8][9-11]。。二、环糊精对弱极性有机污染物的增溶作用,,。[12](HPCD)、、、DDT。,,HPCDKcw。logKcw-logKow,(1)。HPCD,HPCD。。,HPCD。HPCD,,,[13]。1 (mg/L)logKowlogKcwMV(nm3)1155(23℃)2.611.710.155456(22℃)2.841.920.18025(22℃)3.372.720.2320.048(22℃)4.453.470.315DDT0.0054(24℃)6.364.050.508HPCD,。β-2 β-。,β-CD-β-[14],。,β-,。Jodi[15]β-,,,。[16],。γ-1%γ-;β-0.1%β-CD～80,,,81 4 : ,,,,β-PAH2:1(2),PAH,PAH1:1,,。γ-,PAH,,,。三、环糊精用于大气、水、土壤中有机污染物的富集和去除90,。,[17]。、、、、、,。Brusseau[18](HPCD)。HPCD、、、2-、、、2,4,4’-0.29%12.6%。(2),HPCD,HPCD。,HPCD,1800Borden(0.29%)99%,10/HPCD,1。HPCD。,HPCD161.82.4,8281.6。HPCD,HPCD。HPCD,。2 HPCDHPCDHPCD1.11.01.10.92.11.12.21.12-5.01.128.61.1161.82.42,4,4’-8281.6 Fetzer[19]α-、β-、γ-,82 : 6,15%()。Murai[20]β-。150ml200ppm(APE)1β-85%APE。APE。。Butterfield[21]。,,。。四、环糊精对有机污染物降解过程的影响。。,。Kamaya[22]β-。。。Beyrich[23]α-、β-γ-,,。,β-。HuangXixian[24]。。。。α-,。,。,,[25]。HPCD(PCE)PCE。HPCDPCE,HPCDHPCD。HPCD,HPCD,HPCDPCE75%PCE,HPCD。HPCD,HPCD。五、用环糊精衍生物去除重金属,,,。。β-3β-83 4 : 3 Cd(CMCD)[26](3)。CMCDCd2+90%Cd2+,。CM-CD。Ca2+、Mg2+、K+CMCDCd2+,CMCD10g/LCaCl2CMCD,,200mg/LCaCl2,Ca2+CMCDCd2+,Ca-Cl21000mg/LCMCDCd2+。Cd[27]。,。六、环糊精对有机污染物生物活性的影响。,。[28]β-19,,。-logKow,logKow,β-。。β-,,(3)。β-。,。,。Jozsef[29]。β-,30mg/Lβ-30mg/L,30mg/L60mg/Lβ-30%～50%。β-。β-,。84 : 63 19β-log(l/EC50)(mol/L)β-CDlog(l/EC50)(mol/L)log(l/Sw)logKow[11]1,3-3.524.460.943.083.551,2-3.294.511.223.013.551,4-3.344.391.053.213.55P-3.714.500.793.643.701,4-3.054.541.494.133.85P--3.584.901.324.972.99m--3.663.980.323.022.580β-4.014.270.264.454.453.003.870.872.732.99β-3.924.270.353.062.36o-2.413.250.842.943.453.414.280.874.573.804.776.541.777.506.393.214.030.823.163.25p-4.294.470.183.002.58○COOCH3SO2-NH23.353.430.080.41○ClSO2-NH23.443.570.131.02○COOCH3CH2-SO2-NH23.083.180.100.95CSNH2NH22.122.180.06-1.06,,,。 [1]T.I.Keda,H,-t.Moon,T.Morigaki,MinuteInt.Symp.Cyclodextrins6th,669,1992[2]G.Puglisi,N.,A.Santagati,R.Pignatello,DrugDev.Ind.Pharm.,16(3):395(1990)[3]M.Kata,L.Haragh,K.PityeHodi,ActaPharm.Hung.,60(1):40(1990)[4],,,,21(8):347(1990)[5]NoboruEndo,KazuoMaruyama,JP90,195,846(1990)[6]OkemotoHisashi,GekkanFudoKemikaru,9(10):51(1993)[7]E.Remi,EvaFenivesi,I.Runakatal.,J.Lncl.Phenom.Mol.Recognit.Chem.,25(1-3):203(1996)85 4 : [8]ShinobuNagase,MasamitsuKataoka,RyuichiNaganawa,Anal.Chem.,62:1252(1990)[9]C.Bicchi,V.Manzin,A.D'Amatoatal.,FlavourFragranceJ.10(3):127(1995)[10]M.J.Sepaniak,C.L.Copper,K.W.Whitaker,Anal.Chem.,67(13):2037(1995)[11]G.Crini,M.Morcellet,GTorri,J.Chromatogr.Sci.,34(11):477(1996)[12]XiaojiangWang,MarkL.Brusseau,Environ.Sci.Technol.,27(13):2821(1993)[13]Y.Singer,H.,Shity,R.Bar,Appl.Microbiol.Biotechnol.,35:731(1991)[14]S.Hashimoto,J.K.Thomas,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,107:4655(1993)[15]JodiM.Schuette,T.T.Nodou,J.Am.Chem.Soc.,115:292(1993)[16]XiaojiangWang,M.L.Brusseau,Environ.Sci.Technol.,29(9):2346(1995)[18]M.L.Brusseau,X.Wang,Q.Hu,Environ.Sci.Technol.,28(5):952(1994)[19]JohnC.Fetzer,US5,190,663(1993)[20]S.Murai,S.Imajo,Y.Makietal.,J.ColloidInterfaceSci.,183(1):118(1996)[21]T.Butterfield.R.A.Agbaria,I.M.Warner,Anal.Chem.,68(7):1187(1996)[22]MamoruKamiya,KaoriNakamura,ChizukoSasaki,Chemosphere,30(4):653(1995)[23]Th.Beyrich,RenateGruenert,K.Kottkeetal.,Pharmazie,51(4):248(1996)[24]XixianHuang,HidihikoArai,ShinpeiMatsuhasietal.,Chm.Lett.,(2):159(1996)[25]G.O.Bizzigotti,D.A.Reynolds,B.H.Kueper,Environ.Sci.Technol.,31(2):472(1997)[26]XiaojiangWang,M.L.Brusseau,Environ.Sci.Technol.,29(10):2632(1995)[27]M.L.Brusseau,X.Wang.W.Wang,Environ.Sci.Technol.,31(4):1087(1997)[28],1997,6[29]JezsefOlah,T.Cserhati,J.Szejtli,WatarRes.,22(11):1345(1988)APPLICATIONOFCYCLODEXTRINSINENVIRONMENTSCIENCESGaoShixiang, WangLiansheng(NationalKeyLaboratoryofPollutionControlandResourceReuse,DepartmentofEnvironmentScienceandEngineering,NanjingUniversity,Nanjing210093)ABSTRACTApplicationofcyclodextrinsinenvironmentscienceuponaspectsofsolubilizationoforganiccontaminants;enrichmentandremovaloforganicpollutantsandheavymetalsfromsoil,water,andatmosphere;effectondegradationprocessesandbiologicalactivityofcontaminants.Keywords:cyclodextrins;organiccontaminants;solubilization;degradation;biologi-calactivity86 : 6