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新概念第1册语法总结精品文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除新概念英语第一册语法总结新概念英语第一册语法总结一、时态：1.一般现在时表示一般性，经常性的动作或客观存在事实。动词be的用法：I用am，you用are，其他记牢单用is复用are。1含有be动词的句子Heisateacher.Thegirlisverybeautiful.TimandJackarestudents.★变疑问句将be动词移到句首Isheateacher?Isthegirlverybeautiful?AreTimandJackstudents?★肯定回答及否定回答Yes,heis.No,heisnot.Yes,sheis.No,sheisnot.Yes,theyare.No,theyarenot.★变否定句在be动词后面加notHeisnotateacher.Thegirlisnotverybeautiful.TimandJackarenotstudents.2.现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。精品文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除构成：主语＋be动词＋动词的现在分词＋其它成分（现在分词的构成见附录）Wearehavinglunch.Heisreadingabook.Thedogisrunningafteracat.Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.★变疑问句将be动词移到句首Arewehavinglunch?Ishereadingabook?Isthedogrunningafteracat?Aretheboysswimmingacrosstheriver?★变否定句在be动词后面加notWearenothavinglunch.Heisnotreadingabook.Thedogisnotrunningafteracat.Theboysareswimmingacrosstheriver.★特殊疑问句：what,which,how,where,who,etc.疑问词＋动词＋主语＋现在分词Whatareyoudoing?Whatisshedoing?Whatisthedogdoing?没有进行时的动词（必背）表示状态，思想，感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作1.表示感觉，感官的词see,hear,like,love,want,2.have,has当”拥有”讲时没有进行时精品文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除3.一般过去时：表示过去发生的动作或事件，常和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastnight,thedaybeforeyesterday,3daysago,含有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式，am,is的过去式为was，are的过去式为wereIwasatthebutcher’s.Youwereastudentayearago.Theteacherwasverybeautifultenyearsago.★变疑问句将be动词移动到句首Wereyouatthebutcher’s?Wereyouastudentayearago?Wastheteacherverybeautifultenyearsago?★变否定句在be动词后面加notIwasnotatthebutcher’s.Youwerenotastudentayearago.Theteacherwasnotverybeautifultenyearsago.★肯定回答否定回答Yes,Iwas.No,Iwasnot.Yes,youwere.No,youwerenot.Yes,he/shewas.No,he/shewasnot.★特殊疑问句：Whatdidyoudo?（必背）不含有be动词的句子，将动词变为过去式，动词过去式构成见附录Ifinishedmyhomeworkyesterday.Theboywenttoarestaurant.TheSawyerslivedatKingStreetayearago.精品文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除★变疑问句在句首加did，动词变为原型Didyoufinishyourhomeworkyesterday?Didtheboygotoarestaurant?DidtheSawyersliveatKingStreetayearago?★变否定句在主语和动词之间加didnot，动词变回原形。Ididnotfinishmyhomeworkyesterday.Theboydidnotgotoarestaurant.TheSawyersdidnotliveatKingStreetayearago.★肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Idid.No,Ididn’t.Yes,hedid.No,hedidn’t.Yes,theydid.No,theydidnot.4.现在完成时构成：主语+助动词have,has+过去分词用法：2）表示过去发生的和现在有某种联系的动作，常和just,usually,already,since等时间副词连用Ihavejusthadlunch.（饱了，不用再吃了）Hehashadacupoftea.（不渴了，不用再喝）Theyhavealreadyhadtheirholiday.（不能再度假了）Theboyhasalreadyreadthebook.（已经知道书的内容了，不用再看了）3）询问别人是否做过某事一般用现在完成时：Haveyoufinishedyourhomework?HaveyoubeentoBeijing?Haveheseenthefilm?精品文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除4）表示开始于过去并持续到现在的动作IhavelivedinBeijingfortwentyyears.Ihaveworkedforthisschoolfor1year.8）表示一种经历，经验：去过…地方，做过…事情，经历过…事情Ihaveneverhadabath.Ihaveneverseenafilm.Ihaveneverbeentocinema.IhaveeverbeentoParis.Havebeento表示去过，havegoneto表示去了IhavebeentoLondon.（人已经回来）HehasgonetoLondon.（人还在那里）11）表示一种结果，一般不和时间副词联用Ihavelostmypen.Ihavehurtmyself.Hehasbecomeateacher.Shehasbrokenmyheart.句型变化：★变疑问句将助动词移到句首，变否定句在助动词后面加not.e.g.Haveyoulostyourpen?Ihavenotlostmypen.★肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Ihave.No,Ihavenot.★特殊疑问句：Whathaveyoudone?Whathashedone?一般过去时与现在完成时的区别：精品文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除凡是有明确的表示过去的时间状语的句子为过去时注意：有些动词表示的动作有一个终点，不能再延续，因此不能和表示一段时间状语连用错：I’veleftBeijingfor3days.对：IleftBeijing3daysago.Ihavebeenawayfor3days.5.一般将来时表示将来将要发生的动作，经常和tomorrow,nextyear,thedayaftertomorrow,theyearafterthenext,infivehours’time,etc.表示将来的词联用结构：主语+助动词will+动词原形IwillgotoAmericatomorrow.ThepilotwillflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext.Jackwillmoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning.★变疑问句将助动词移到句首WillyougotoAmericatomorrow?WillthepilotflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext?WillJackmoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning?★变否定句在助动词后面加notIwillnotgotoAmericatomorrow.ThepilotwillnotflytoJapanthemonthafterthenext.Jackwillnotmoveintohisnewhousetomorrowmorning★肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Iwill.No,Iwillnot.Yes,he/shewill.No,he/shewillnot.Yes,hewill.No,hewillnot.★特殊疑问句：Whatwillyoudo?精品文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除6.过去完成时：用法：在过去的时间里，两个动作中，发生在前的哪个动作要用过去完成时。也就是过去的过去。结构：had+过去分词Aftershehadfinishedherhomework,shewentshopping.TheyhadsoldthecarbeforeIaskedtheprice.ThetrainhadleftbeforeIarrivedatthestation.After/before引导的时间状语从句放在句首要在句子后面加逗号，如果放在主句后则不用加。5变疑问句将助动词移到句首Hadshefinishedherhomework?6变否定句在助动词后面加notShehadn’tfinishedherhomework.7肯定回答及否定回答Yes,shehad.No,shehadn’t.8特殊疑问句：Whathadshedone?7.过去进行时：表示过去正在进行的动作，经常用在when,while,as引导的状语从句中。结构：was/were+doingWhenmyhusbandwasgoingintothediningroomthismorning,hedroppedsomecoinsonthefloor.Whilewewerehavingdinner,myfatherwaswatchingTV.8过去将来时结构：woulddoShesaidshewouldgoherethenextmorning.两个特殊句型：therebe句型，begoingto结构1）Begoingto结构表示打算，准备，计划做某事★结构：主语+be动词+goingto+动词原型精品文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除Iamgoingtomakeabookcase.Theyaregoingtopaintit.Thefatherisgoingtogivethebookcasetohisdaughter.★变疑问句将be动词移到句首Areyougoingtomakeabookcase?Aretheygoingtopaintit?Isthefathergoingtogivethebookcasetohisdaughter?★变否定句在be动词后面加notIamnotgoingtomakeabookcase.Theyaregoingtopaintit.Thefatherisnotgoingtogivethebookcasetohisdaughter.★肯定回答及否定回答Yes,Iam.No,Iamnot.Yes,theyare.No,theyarenot.Yes,heis.No,heisnot.★特殊疑问句Whatareyougoingtodo?Whataretheygoingtodo?Whatisthefathergoingtodo?（必背）2）Therebe句型表示哪里有什么东西（某处有某物）Thereis＋单数名词＋表示场所的词（一般为介词词组）Thereisabookinthisroom.Thereisapenonthetable精品文档收集于网络，如有侵权请联系管理员删除Thereare＋复数名词＋表示场所的词（一般为