屠宰场废水处理毕业设计

I摘要本设计为湖北省某屠宰场的废水处理设计。屠宰场在运行生产过程中会产生大量含有高浓度有机物的废水，主要来自于各种牧畜、禽类、鱼类宰杀和加工，是我国最大的有机污染源之一。该屠宰废水处理厂的处理水量为1000m3/d，污水中的各项污染物的指标为BOD为1000mg/L，COD为2000mg/L,NH3-N为30mg/L以及SS为1500mg/L。由于该废水COD和BOD的浓度较大，所以我们要求处理后的污水达到国家的一级排放标准即：BOD≤25mg/L，COD≤100mg/L，NH3-N≤15，SS≤70mg/L。经分析可知该屠宰场的废水主要包含的是易沉淀的悬浮物和无机物和易生化降解的有机物，所以我们可以采用物理处理和生物处理相结合的方式来进行污水的净化。首先采用物理处理来去除污水中容易沉淀的悬浮物和无机物，然后采用水解酸化-SBR工艺来去除污水中的有机物。具有投资和处理成本低廉，工艺简单和管理方便等很多方面的优点。关键字：屠宰场废水；水解酸化；SBR工艺IIABSTRACTTheslaughterhousewastewateristreatmentinthisdesigninHubeiProvince.Alargeamountofwastewatercontaininghighconcentrationoforganicmatterisproduceinrunningofslaughterhouse，TheslaughterhouseWastewaterisoneofthecountry'slargestorganicpollutionsources，whichmaincomefromslaughteringlivestockbreeding﹑poultry﹑fishslaughterprocessing.Thewaterwhichneedstotreatmentintheslaughterhousewastewatertreatmentplantis1800m3/d.Varioustargetintherawwastewateris:theconcentrationofBODis1000mg/L,theconcentrationofCODis1800mg/L,theconcentrationofSSis800mg/L.fortheslaughterhousewastewater’sCODandBODishigh,soitrequesttheslaughterhousewastewatertomeetthenationalfirstdischargestandardsafterprocessing：BOD≤25mg/L﹑COD≤100mg/L﹑SS≤70mg/L﹑NH3-N≤15mg/L.Aftertheanalysis,thequalityofthisprocessingwaterbelongstothewastewaterthateasysedimentationofsuspendedsolidsandeasybiochemicaldegradationoforganicmatter.Sowecanadoptingthecombinationofphysicaltreatmentandbiologicaltreatmentmethodstodealwiththewastewater.Firstly，wecanadoptingphysicaltreatmenttoremovetheeasysedimentationofsuspendedsolidsinwastewater，afterthat，usetheprocessofhydrolyticacidification-SBRtoremovetheorganicmatterinwastewater.Hastheadvantagesoflowprocessingcost，simpleprocess，easytomanagementandsoon.Keywords：slaughterhousewastewater；hydrolyticacidification；SBRtechnology目录摘要............................................................IABSTRACT.........................................................II前言............................................................1第一章概论......................................................21.1设计任务......................................................21.2设计要求......................................................21.3设计原则和依据...............................................21.3.1设计原则....................................................21.3.2设计依据...................................................3第二章屠宰废水的处理方法....................................32.1物理处理......................................................32.2生物处理......................................................32.2.1氧化沟......................................................42.2.2间歇式活性污泥处理系统（SBR）...........................42.2.3AB法.......................................................52.2.4厌氧生物处理...............................................5第三章屠宰场废水处理工艺流程...............................63.1废水处理工艺的确定..........................................63.2废水处理的工艺流程..........................................7第四章主要构筑物的设计与计算...............................84.1格栅的设计与计算............................................84.1.1设计说明...................................................84.1.2设计参数的设定.............................................84.1.3格栅的设计计算............................................84.2调节池的设计................................................114.2.1调节池的作用..............................................114.2.2调节池的设计与计算.......................................114.3隔油沉砂池的设计...........................................124.3.1设计参数的选择...........................................124.3.2隔油池的计算..............................................124.4水解酸化池的设计...........................................144.4.1设计参数的选择...........................................154.4.2水解酸化池的计算.........................................154.5SBR反应池的设计与计算.....................................164.5.1设计参数的选择...........................................164.5.2反应池各反应周期的计算..................................164.5.3反应池池容的计算.........................................174.5.4需氧量的计算..............................................184.5.5曝气装置的设计............................................194.5.6产泥量的计算..............................................214.5.7滗水器.....................................................224.6污泥处理部分各构筑物的设计与计算.........................224.6.1集泥井.....................................................224.6.2污泥浓缩池的设计与计算..................................234.6.3机械脱水间................................................24第五章污水处理厂的平面布置和高程布置....................255.1平面布置.....................................................255.2高程布置.....................................................255.2.1高程布置原则..............................................255.2.2高程的计算................................................265.2.3污水提升泵的设计与选择..................................27第六章投资估算与运行成本...................................276.1投资估算...................................................276.1.1土建部分..................................................286.1.2设备部分..................................................286.2运行成本.....................................................28第七章结论........................