1of172MODUCODE19982of172Preamble导言1ThisCodehasbeendevelopedtoprovideaninternationalstandardformobileoffshoredrillingunitsofnewconstructionwhichwillfacilitatetheinternationalmovementandoperationoftheseunitsandensurealevelofsafetyforsuchunits,andforpersonnelonboard,equivalenttothatrequiredbytheInternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea,1974,asamended,andtheInternationalConventiononLoadLines,1966,asamended,forconventionalshipsengagedoninternationalvoyages.1本规则的制定,是为了给新建海上移动式钻井平台提供一个国际标准,从而使这一规则的实施,将会便利这种平台在国际间的迁移和作业,并能确保这种平台及平台上人员提供经修订的1974年国际海上人命安全公约和1966年国际船舶载重线公约对从事国际航行的常规船舶所要求的同等程度的安全。2ThroughoutthedevelopmentoftheCode,itwasrecognizedthatitmustbebaseduponsounddesignandengineeringprinciplesandexperiencegainedfromoperatingsuchunits;itwasfurtherrecognizedthatdesigntechnologyofmobileoffshoredrillingunitsisnotonlyacomplextechnologybutisrapidlyevolvingandthattheCodeshouldnotremainstaticbutbere-evaluatedandrevisedasnecessary.TothisendtheOrganizationwillperiodicallyreviewtheCode,takingintoaccountbothexperienceandfuturedevelopment.2在制订本规则的全部过程中,都认识到必须正确的设计和工程原理以及这种平台的操作中所取得的经验为基础;进一步认识到海上移动式钻井平台的设计技术不仅是复杂的,而且是在迅速发展着的,因此本规则不应固定不变,而应按需要重新评价和修订。为此,本组织将对本规则定期进行复审,即考虑到经验,也考虑到未来的发展。3AnyexistingunitwhichcomplieswiththeprovisionsofthisCodeshouldbeconsideredeligibleforissuanceofacertificateinaccordancewiththisCode.3凡符合本规则各项规定的现有平台,应被认为有资格取得按本规则签发的证书。4TheCodeisnotintendedtoprohibittheuseofanexistingunitsimplybecauseitsdesign,constructionandequipmentdonotconformtotherequirementsofthisCode.Manyexistingmobileoffshoredrillingunitshaveoperatedsuccessfullyandsafelyforextendedperiodsoftimeandtheiroperatinghistoryshouldbeconsideredinevaluatingtheirsuitabilitytoconductinternationaloperations.4对于现有平台,本规则并无仅因其设计、构造和设备不符合本规则的要求而被禁止其使用的意图。许多现有的海上移动式钻井平台已经成功而又安全地使用了很长一段时间,因此,在评价其是否适于进行国际作业时,应考虑到其工作的历史。5ThecoastalStatemaypermitanyunitdesignedtoalowerstandardthanthatoftheCodetoengageinoperationshavingtakenaccountofthelocalenvironmentalconditions.Anysuchunitshould,however,complywithsafetyrequirementswhichintheopinionofthecoastalStateareadequatefortheintendedoperationandensuretheoverallsafetyoftheunitandthepersonnelonboard.5沿海国考虑到当地的环境条件,可以准许设计标准低于本规则要求的钻井平台进行作业。但是,这种平台应符合沿海国认为适宜于预定的作业,并能保证该平台及平台上人员安全的要求。6TheCodedoesnotincluderequirementsforthedrillingofsubseawellsortheproceduresfortheircontrol.SuchdrillingoperationsaresubjecttocontrolbythecoastalState.6本规则未包含对水下油井进行钻探或其控制程序的要求。钻井作业应受沿海国的监督。3of172Chapter1General第一章总则1.1Purpose1.1目的ThepurposeoftheCodefortheConstructionandEquipmentofMobileOffshoreDrillingUnits,1989,asamended,hereinafterreferredtoastheCode,istorecommenddesigncriteria,constructionstandardsandothersafetymeasuresformobileoffshoredrillingunitssoastominimizetherisktosuchunits,tothepersonnelonboardandtotheenvironment.海上移动式钻井平台建造和设备规则,以下简称规则,其目的在于为海上移动式钻井平台的设计衡准、建造标准及其他安全措施提出建议,以使对这种平台、平台上人员和环境的风险减至昀低程度。1.2Application1.2适用范围1.2.1TheCodeappliestomobileoffshoredrillingunitsasdefinedin1.3.1to1.3.4,thekeelsofwhicharelaidorwhichareatasimilarstageofconstructiononorafter1May1991.1.2.1本规则适用于1.3.1至1.3.4中所指在1991年5月1日或以后安放龙骨或处于相应建造阶段的海上移动式钻井平台。1.2.2ThecoastalStatemayimposeadditionalrequirementsregardingtheoperationofindustrialsystemsnotdealtwithbytheCode.1.2.2对本规则所未涉及的生产系统的操作方面,沿海国可提出附加的要求。1.2Definitions1.2定义ForthepurposeofthisCode,unlessexpresslyprovidedotherwise,thetermsusedthereinhavethemeaningsdefinedinthefollowingparagraphs.就本规则而言,除另有明文规定者外,其中所用术语的定义如下:1.3.1Mobileoffshoredrillingunitorunitisavesselcapableofengagingindrillingoperationsfortheexplorationfororexploitationofresourcesbeneaththesea-bedsuchasliquidorgaseoushydrocarbons,sulphurorsalt.1.3.1“海上移动钻井平台”或者“平台”是指能够为勘探或者开采诸如液态或气态碳氢化合物、硫或盐等海床之下的资源而从事钻井作业的海上建筑物。4of1721.3.2Surfaceunitisaunitwithaship-orbarge-typedisplacementhullofsingleormultiplehullsconstructionintendedforoperationinthefloatingcondition.1.3.2“浮式平台”是其有单体或者多体结构的船型或驳船型排水船体、用于漂浮状态下作业的平台。1.3.3Self-elevatingunitisaunitwithmovablelegscapableofraisingitshullabovethesurfaceofthesea.1.3.3“自升式平台”是具有活动桩腿能够将其壳体升至海面以上的平台。1.3.4Column-stabilizedunitisaunitwiththemaindeckconnectedtotheunderwaterhullorfootingsbycolumnsorcaissons.1.3.4“柱稳式平台”是用立柱或者浮筒将主甲板连接到水下壳体或柱靴上的平台。1.3.5AdministrationmeanstheGovernmentoftheStatewhoseflagtheunitisentitledtofly.1.3.5“主管机关”是指平台悬挂其国旗的政府。1.3.6CoastalStatemeanstheGovernmentoftheStateexercisingadministrativecontroloverthedrillingoperationsoftheunit.1.3.6“沿海国”是指对平台的钻井作业行使行政监督的国家政府。1.3.7OrganizationmeanstheInternationalMaritimeOrganization(IMO).1.3.7“本组织”是指国际海事组织。1.3.8CertificatemeansMobileOffshoreDrillingUnitSafetyCertificate.1.3.8“证书”是指海上移动式钻井平台安全证书。1.3.91974SOLASConventionmeanstheInternationalConventionfortheSafetyofLifeatSea,1974,asamended.1.3.9“1974年安全公约”是指经修订的1974年国际海上人命安全公约。1.3.101966LoadLineConventionmeanstheInternationalConventiononLoadLines,1966.1.3.10“1966年载重线公约”是指1966年国际船舶载重线公约。1.3.11Modeofoperationmeansaconditionormannerinwhichaunitmayoperateorfunctionwhileonlocationorintransit.Themodesofoperationofaunitincludethefollowing:1.3.11“工况”是指平台在井位上或者转移中可以工作或运行的状况或方式。平台的工况包括以下几种:.1Operatingconditions–conditi