限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句①限制性定语从句对先行词起限制、确定的作用,是先行词不可缺少的定语,如果省去,主句的意思就会不完整,不明确或不合逻辑。这种定语从句和主句之间不能用逗号隔开。______________________________________Themanwhocamehereyesterdayhascomeagain.关系副词when和why用于引导限制性定语从句时,在口语和非正式文体中可以省去,但是where通常不可以省去。如:a.Besuretocallonusnexttime(when)youcometotown.b.Thisisoneofthereasons(why)youmayliketoeatit.②非限制性定语从句和先行词关系松散,只是对先行词作附加说明,如果省去,主句的意思仍然完整或清楚。这种定语从句和主句之间须用逗号隔开。如:a.AbrahamLincoln,wholedtheUnitedStatesthroughtheseyears,wasmurderedonApril14,1865.b.Hesentaspecialgovernor,amannamedGessler,whowouldrulewithafirmhand._____________________________c.Helivesinanothertown,whichisonlyaboutanhour’sridefromhere.d.Soontheyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.e.Theysetupaseparatestateoftheirown,wheretheywouldbefreetokeepNegroesasslaves.注意:引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that,指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语),指物时须用which.限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上不用逗号“,”与主句隔开。用逗号“,”与主句隔开。意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语,如删除,主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。只是对先行词的补充说明,如删除,主句仍能表达完整的意思。译法上译成先行词的定语:“...的”通常译成主句的并列句。关系词的使用上A.作宾语时可省略B.可用thatC.可用who代替whomA.不可省略B.不用thatC.不可用who代替whomPracticeA请区分出下列句子哪些是限制性定语从句,那些是非限制性定语从句:1.TheteachertoldmethatTomwastheonlypersonthatIcoulddependon.2.Hismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.3.Chinaisacountrywhichhasalonghistory.4.China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.PracticeB区分下列几组句子的不同含义:1.Herbrotherwhoisnowasoldieralwaysencourageshertogotocollege.Herbrother,whoisnowasoldier,alwaysencourageshertogotocollege.她那当兵的哥哥总是鼓励她上大学。(意含:她还有其他哥哥。)她哥哥是当兵的,他总是鼓励她上大学。(意含:她只有一个哥哥。)