搜索
1月MBA英语阅读定位和串联专项训练（3）ThegirlsinthissixthgradeclassinEastPaloAlto,California,allhavethesameaccesstocomputersasboys.Butresearcherssay,bythetimetheygettohighschool,theyarevictimsofwhattheresearcherscallamajornewgender（性别）gapintechnology.JaniceWeinmanoftheAmericanAssociationofUniversityWomensays,＂Girlstendtobelesscomfortablethanboyswiththecomputer.Theyuseitmoreforwordprocessingratherthanforproblemsolving,ratherthantodiscovernewwaysinwhichtounderstandinformation.＂Afterre-examiningathousandstudies,theAmericanAssociationofUniversityWomenresearchersfoundthatgirlsmakeuponlyasmallpercentageofstudentsincomputerscienceclasses.GirlsconsistentlyratethemselvessignificantlylowerthanboysintheirabilityandconfidenceIusingcomputers.Andtheyusecomputerslessoftenthanboysoutsidetheclassroom.Aninstructorofacomputerlabsayshe’salreadynoticedsomedifferences.CharlesCheadleofCesarChavezSchoolsays,＂Boysarenotsoafraidtheymightdosomethingthatwillharmthecomputer,whereasgirlsareafraidtheymightbreakitsomehow.＂Sixyearsago,thesoftwarecompanyPurpleMoonnoticedthatgirls’computerusagewasfallingbehindboys.KarenGouldsays,＂Thenumberonereasongirlstoldustheydon’tlikecomputergamesisnotthatthey’retooviolent,ortoocompetitive.Girlsjustsaidthey’reincrediblyboring.＂PurpleMoonsaysitfoundwhatgirlswant,characterstheycanrelatetoandstorylinesrelativetowhat’sgoingonintheirownlives.KarenGouldofPurpleMoonSoftwaresays,＂Whatwedefinitelyfoundfromgirlsisthatthereisnointrinsic（固有的）reasonwhytheywouldn’twanttoplayonacomputer;itwasjustacontentthing.＂Thesponsorofthestudysaysitallboilsdowntothis:thetechnologygendergapthatseparatesthegirlsfromtheboysmustbeclosedifwomenaretocompeteeffectivelywithmeninthe21stcentury.51.Accordingtothepassage,girlsarevictimsofthegendergapintechnologybecause_____.A.theycannotdiscovernewwaystousecomputersB.theyhavethesameaccesstocomputersasboysC.theyarelikelytobelesscomfortablewithcomputersD.theycanonlyusecomputersforwordprocessing52.Girlsoftenfeel______.A.boredwithcomputergamesB.comfortableusingcomputersC.ithardtousecomputersinwordprocessingD.worriedaboutusingcomputers53.Theresearchtogirlsandcomputersis______.A.basedonafewrecentarticlesB.presentedbyonepersonC.basedonthousandsofstudiesD.notconsideredwellgrounded54.Thesoftwarecompanyseemstothink______.A.ifgirlshadanequalchanceofplayinggames,theywouldlikecomputersB.ifthesoftwarewasmoreviolent,girlswouldbemoreinterestedC.ifthesoftwarecontentwaschanged,girlswouldbemoreinterestedD.ifthecharacterwerefunny,girlswouldlikethembetter55.Thegendergapneedstobeclosedbecause______.A.itisn’tfairthatboysareallowedtousecomputersallthetimeB.thereisn’tenoughmoneyforupgradingcomputersC.mostofthecausesmayboildowntoaquestionofmoneyD.theabilitytousecomputersisimportantintoday’sworld太奇1月MBA英语阅读每日一练（2）Jobsharingreferstothesituationinwhichtwopeopledividetheresponsibilityofonefull-timejob.Thetwopeoplewillinglyactaspart-timeworkers,enoughhoursbetweenthemtofulfillthedutiesofafull-timeworker.Iftheyeachworkhalfthejob,forexample,theyeachreceive50percentofthejob’swages,itsholidaysanditsotherbenefits.Ofcourse,somejobsharerstakeasmallerorlargershareoftheresponsibilitiesoftheposition,receivingalesserorgreatershareofthebenefits.Jobsharingdiffersfromconventionalpart-timeworkinthatitoccursmainlyinthemorehighlyskilledandprofessionalareas,whichrequirehigherlevelsofresponsibilityandemployeecommitment.Jobsharingshouldnotbeconfusedwiththetermworksharing,whichreferstoincreasingthenumberofjobsbyreducingthenumberofhoursofeachexistingjob,thusofferingmorepositiontothegrowingnumberofunemployedpeople.Jobsharing,bycontrast,isnotdesignedtoaddressunemploymentproblems;itsfocus,rather,istoprovidewell-paidworkforskilledworkersandprofessionalswhowantmorefreetimeforotheractivities.Aswouldbeexpected,womenconstitutethebulkofjobshares.Asurveycarriedoutin1988byBritain’sEqualOpportunitiesCommissionrevealedthat78percentofshareswerefemale,themajorityofwhomwerebetween20and40yearsofage.Subsequentstudieshavecomeupwithsimilarresults.Manyofthesewomenwerere-enteringthejobmarketafterhavinghadchildren,buttheychosenottoseekpart-timeworkbecauseitwouldhavemeantlowerstatus.Jobsharingalsoofferedanacceptableshiftbackintofull-timeworkafteralongabsence.Thenecessityofclosecooperationwhensharingajobwithanotherpersonmakestheactualworkquitedifferentfromconventionalone-positionjobs.However,toensureagreaterchancethatthepartnershipwillsucceed,eachpersonneedstoknowthestrengths,weaknessesandpreferencesofhisorherpartnerbeforeapplyingforaposition.Moreover,theremustbeafairdivisionofbothroutinetasksandinterestingones.Insum,forapositiontobejob-sharedwell,thetwoindividualsmustbewellmatchedandmusttreateachotherasequals.41.“Employeecommitment”inParagraph2referstotheemployee’s____.AqualificationCexperienceBloyaltyDachievement42.Worksharingisdifferentfromjobsharinginthat____.AitrequiresmoreworkinghoursBitprovidesmoreworkpositionsCitdependsontheemployer’sdecisionDitoffersamoresatisfactorysalary43.Jobsharingispopularwithyoungmothersmainlybecause_____.AtheycantakecareofbothworkandfamilyBtheyareoverideal