Except-和besides-用法

Except和besides用法except,exceptfor/that,besides都有除……之外的意思,但用法各异,现就它们的用法进行分析比较:一、except的用法--排除式Except（=but）意为只有……除外;除去……,后跟名词或代词作宾语,except经常接名词或代词，但也可接副词，介词短语,强调从整体中除去部分,即except后的部分不包括在整体之内。因此but着重于整体，常用在all,no,everything,nothing,who,where,nobody等词之后。其判别标志是:除去的与保留的是同类项。例如:1.Allofthemwentoutforawalk________John.A.besidesB.exceptC.besideD.excepts2.Everyoneishere________XiaoWangandme.A.exceptB.besidesC.besideD.excepts3.Wegotobedbefore10o’clock()insummer.A.exceptB.exceptforC.besidesD.exceptthat析:Key:1.B2.A3.A。因除去的与保留的是同类项,且1、2题中有信息词All、Everyone。其他例句①TheofficeisopeneverydayexceptSundays.除了星期日这家公司每天都营业。②Youcanhaveanyofthecakesexceptthisone.除了这块蛋糕，你哪块都能吃。③Shesawnothingexceptsnow.除了雪她什么也没看见。（nothingexcept=nothingbut=only）（2）except经常接名词、代词，也可接副词，介词短语，不带to的不定式或从句等。例如：④Shelookedeverywhereexcepthere.除了这里，她到处看。⑤Youmaydropinatanytimeexceptatnoon.除了中午，你任何时候来都可以。⑥Shedoesn’tdoanythingexceptsitandwatchTV.除了坐着看电视外，她什么也不做。二、exceptfor/that的用法--排除否定式except除后跟名词、代词作宾语外,还可跟介词,也可跟从句。(1)exceptfor...是除了因为……;要不是……;除去……一点外的意思,表示对一个人或事物,先做一个整体评价,然后再就局部提出一点看法。即一部分被肯定,另一部分被否定,这就是所谓的排除否定式。其判别标志是:除去的与保留的不是同类项。例如:1.Itwasdarkinthecity________afewweaklights.A.exceptforB.exceptC.besidesD.butfor2.Yourcompositionisverygood________afewspellingmistakes.A.exceptthatB.exceptforC.besidesD.beside析:Key:1.A2.B。因为除去的与保留的不是同类项,故选exceptfor。(2)exceptthat...也是除去……一点外的意思,1.Thesuitfittedhimwell________thecolorwasalittlebrighter.A.exceptforB.exceptthatC.exceptwhenD.besides`析:Key:B。本题题意为除色彩艳了一点儿外,这套衣服很适合他,从句thecolorwasalittlebrighter句意和结构完整,只需用引导词that,故选exceptthat。(3)exceptfor与exceptthat有时可互相转换。例如:1.Yourcompositionisverygoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.=Yourcompositionisverygoodexceptthatthereareafewspellingmistakes.2.Thevillageisveryquietexceptforsomebirdssinginginthewoods.=Thevillageisveryquietexceptthattherearesomebirdssinginginthewoods.三、besides的用法--包括式besides相当于aswellas,意为除了……以外还有……,即除去一部分还有另外一部分的意思,表示besides后面的部分包括在整体之内。例如:1.DoesJohnknowanyotherforeignlanguage________French.A.exceptB.butC.besidesD.beside析:Key:C。由本题中的信息词anyotherforeignlanguage,可知选besides。Whenever无论何时Youcanaskforhelpwheneveryouneed.Whatever无论怎么样任何事情Whateverdecisionhemad,IwouldsupporthimDowhateveryoulike.Wherever无论在哪里Whereverheis,hewillbehappy.Wherevershegoes,therearecrowdsofpeoplewaitingtoseeher.Whichever无论哪一个Whichevertheywillchoose,wewillsupporttheirdecision.Choosewhicheverbrandyouprefer.Whoever无论是谁Whoeveryouare,comeoutofthere.However无论到什么程度，不管多么……Shehasthewindowopen,howevercolditisoutside.HowevercarefullyIexplained,shestilldidn’tunderstand.这类词语就相当于nomatter+疑问词，引导让步状语从句，从句要用陈述语序，且应用一般现在时态来表示将要发生的动作，主句用一般将来时或情态动词加动词原形。Nomatterwhatyousay(=whateveryousay),Iwon’tbelieveyou.Nomatterwhenyoucome(=wheneveryoucome),youwillbemorethanwelcome.Don’tpenthedoor,nomatterwhocomes(=whoevercomes)Nomatterwhereyouare(=whereveryouare),Iwillmissyou.