mba会计教材chap08~1

?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillChapter8InventoriesandtheCostofGoodsSold?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillInventoryDefinedGoodsownedandheldforsaletocustomersCurrentassetInventory?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillTheFlowofInventoryCostsBALANCESHEETCurrentassets:InventoryINCOMESTATEMENTRevenueCostofgoodssoldGrossprofitExpensesNetincomePurchasecost(ormanufacturingcosts)asincurredasgoodsaresold?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillTheFlowofInventoryCostsGENERALJOURNALDateAccountTitlesandExplanationDebitCreditEntryonPurchaseDateInventory$$$$AccountsPayable$$$$EntryonSaleDateCostofGoodsSold$$$$Inventory$$$$Inaperpetualinventorysystem,inventoryentriesparalleltheflowofcosts.?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillWhichUnitDidWeSell?DoesItReallyMatter?GENERALJOURNALDateAccountTitlesandExplanationDebitCreditEntryonSaleDateCostofGoodsSold$$$$Inventory$$$$Whenidenticalunitsofinventoryhavedifferentunitcosts,aquestionnaturallyarisesastowhichofthesecostsshouldbeusedinrecordingasaleofinventory.?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillInventorySubsidiaryLedgerAseparatesubsidiaryaccountismaintainedforeachitemininventory.HowcanwedeterminetheunitcostfortheSept.10sale?ItemLL002PrimarysupplierElectronicCityDescriptionLaserLightSecondarysupplierElectricCompanyLocationStoreroom2Inventorylevel:Min:25Max:200PurchasedSoldBalanceDateUnitsUnitCostTotalUnitsUnitCostCostofGoodsSoldUnitsUnitCostTotalSept.510030$3,000$10030$3,000$Sept.975503,750100303,00075503,750Sept.1010?????????TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillSpecificidentificationLIFOAveragecostFIFOTodeterminethecostofinventorysold,accountantsuseoneofthefollowinginventoryvaluationmethods.?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillInformationfortheFollowingInventoryExamplesCostofGoodsAvailableforSaleAug.1Beg.Inventory10units@91$=910$Aug.3Purchased15units@106$=1,590$Aug.17Purchased20units@115$=2,300$Aug.28Purchased10units@119$=1,190$RetailSalesofGoodsAug.14Sales20units@130$=2,600$Aug.31Sales23units@150$=3,450$TheBikeCompany(TBC)?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillSpecificIdentificationWhenunitsaresold,thespecificcostoftheunitsoldisaddedtocostofgoodssold.?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillSpecificIdentificationExampleOnAugust14,TBCsold20bikesfor$130each.Ninebikesoriginallycost$91and11bikesoriginallycost$106.ContinueDatePurchasesCostofGoodsSoldInventoryBalanceAug.110@91$=910$910$Aug.315@106$=1,590$2,500$?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillSpecificIdentificationExampleTheCostofGoodsSoldfortheAugust14saleis$1,985,leaving$515and5unitsininventory.ContinueDatePurchasesCostofGoodsSoldInventoryBalanceAug.110@91$=910$910$Aug.315@106$=1,590$2,500$Aug.149@91$=819$11@106$=1,166$515$Let抯lookattheentriesfortheAug.14sale.?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillSpecificIdentificationExampleContinueGENERALJOURNALDateAccountTitlesandExplanationDebitCreditAug.14Cash2,600Sales2,60014CostofGoodsSold1,985Inventory1,985RetailCostAsimilarentryismadeaftereachsale.?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillSpecificIdentificationExampleAdditionalpurchasesweremadeonAugust17and28.CostsassociatedwithsalesonAugust31wereasfollows:1@$91,3@$106,15@$115,&4@$119.ContinueDatePurchasesCostofGoodsSoldInventoryBalanceAug.110@91$=910$910$Aug.315@106$=1,590$2,500$Aug.149@91$=819$11@106$=1,166$515$Aug.1720@115$=2,300$2,815$Aug.2810@119$=1,190$4,005$?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillDatePurchasesCostofGoodsSoldInventoryBalanceAug.110@91$=910$910$Aug.315@106$=1,590$2,500$Aug.149@91$=819$11@106$=1,166$515$Aug.1720@115$=2,300$2,815$Aug.2810@119$=1,190$4,005$Aug.311@91$=91$3@106$=318$15@115$=1,725$4@119$=476$1,395$SpecificIdentificationExampleCostofGoodsSoldforAugust31=$2,610?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillBalanceSheetInventory=$1,395IncomeStatementCOGS=$4,595SpecificIdentificationExample1@106$=106$5@115$=5756@119$=714End.Inv.1,395$DatePurchasesCostofGoodsSoldInventoryBalanceAug.110@91$=910$910$Aug.315@106$=1,590$2,500$Aug.149@91$=819$11@106$=1,166$515$Aug.1720@115$=2,300$2,815$Aug.2810@119$=1,190$4,005$Aug.311@91$=91$3@106$=318$15@115$=1,725$4@119$=476$1,395$?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillSincespecificidentificationissoeasy,can’ntweuseitallthetime?Notreally.Specificidentificationishardtousewhenwesellalotofinventorythathaslotsofdifferentcosts.?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillAverage-CostMethodWhenaunitissold,theaveragecostofeachunitininventoryisassignedtocostofgoodssold.CostofGoodsAvailableforSaleUnitsonhandonthedateofsale?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-HillAverage-CostMethodExampleOnAugust14,TBCsold20bikesfor$130each.ContinueDatePurchasesCostofGoodsSoldInventoryBalanceAug.110@91$=910$910$Aug.315@106$=1,590$2,500$?TheMcGraw-HillCompanies,Inc.,1999Irwin/McGraw-Hill$100=$2,50025DatePurchasesCostofGoodsSoldInventoryBalanceAug.110@91$=910$910$Aug.315@106$=1,590$2,500$Average-C