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中国医药学：traditionalChinesemedicine中医基础理论:basictheoryoftraditionalChinesemedicine临床经验:clinicalexperience辨证论治:treatmentbasedonsyndromedifferentiation本草:materiamedica//medicinalherbs中药Chineseherbs四气五味:fourpropertiesandfivetastes针灸acupunctureandmoxibustion各家学说theoriesofdifferentschools汗法:diaphoresis/diaphoretictherapy下法:purgativetherapy吐法:emetictherapy补土派:schoolofinvigoratingtheearth病因学说:theoryofetiology养生:health-cultivation医疗实践medicalpractice治疗原则:therapeuticprinciples寒凉药物:herbsofcoldandcoolnature滋阴降火:nourishingyintolowerfire瘀血致病:diseasecausedbybloodstasis先天之精:congenitalessence气的运动变化:movementandchangesofqi形与神俱:inseparabilityofthebodyandspirit神明:spirit/mentalactivity脏腑:zang-organsandfu-organs/viscera功能活动:functionalactivities形神统一:unityofthebodyandspirit阴阳失调:imbalanceofyinandyang正邪相争:strugglebetweenhealthyqiandpathogenicfactors治未病preventionofdisease调养tocultivatehealth正气healthyqi病邪pathogenicfactor疾病的防治preventionandtreatmentofdisease整体观念conceptofholism五脏fivezang-organs六腑sixfu-organs经络系统systemofmeridiansandcollaterals形神统一unityofthebodyandspirit有机整体organicwholeness表里关系exteriorandinteriorrelation开窍openinginto生长化收藏fiveelementfunction脉象pulseconditions正邪关系thestatesofpathogenicfactorsandhealthyqi自然现象naturalphenomena哲学概念philosophicalconcept对立统一unityandopposites相互消长mutualwaningandwaxing阴阳属性natureofyinandyang相互转化mutualtransformation相互联系interrelation相互制约mutualrestraint动态平衡dynamicbalance阴平阳秘yinandyanginequilibrium阳消阴长yangwaningandyinwaxing阴胜则阳病predominanceofyinleadingtodisorderofyang阳胜则热predominanceofyanggeneratingheat寒极生热extremecoldgeneratingheat热极生寒extremeheatgeneratingcold相反相成oppositeandsupplementarytoeachother生理功能physiologicalfunctions病理变化pathologicalchanges临床诊断clinicaldiagnosis有机整体organicwholeness/entirety正邪斗争strugglebetweenhealthyqiandpathogenicfactors绝对偏盛absolutepredominance阳虚则寒yangdeficiencyleadingtocold阳损及阴consumptionofyanginvolvingyin阴液不足insufficiencyofyin-fluid病机pathogenesis五行学说theoryoffiveelements运动变化motionandvariation条达舒畅freedevelopment相生相克mutualgenerationandrestriction生我我生tobegeneratedandtogenerate克我我克toberestrictedandtorestrict生中有制restrictionwithingeneration克中有生generationwithinrestriction木曰曲直Woodischaracterizedbygrowingfreelyandperipherally火曰炎上Fireischaracterizedbyflamingup土曰稼穑Earthischaracterizedbycultivationandreaping金曰从革Metalischaracterizedbychange水曰润下Waterischaracterizedbymoisteninganddownwardflowing方位配五行correspondenceofthedirectionstothefiveelements相乘相侮over-restrictionandreverserestriction土乘木Thewoodover-restrainstheearth土虚木乘Earthdeficiencyleadingtoover-restrictionbywood金虚木侮metaldeficiencyleadingtocounter-restrictionbywood生克制化interrelationshipbetweengenerationandrestriction制则生化restrictionensuringgeneration传变transmissionofdisease母病及子diseaseofthemother-organaffectingthechild-organ子病犯母diseaseofthechild-organaffectingthemother-organ肝肾精血不足insufficiencyofkidneyandliveressenceandblood肝阳上亢hyperactivityofliveryang藏象学说theoryofvisceralmanifestations五脏六腑fivezang-organsandsixfu-organs奇恒之府extraordinaryfu-organs水谷精微cerealnutrients传化水谷transmissionsandtransformationoffood贮藏精气storageofessence表里关系interiorandexteriorrelationship治疗效应curativeeffect临床实践clinicalpractice藏而不泻storagewithoutexcretion心肝血虚deficiencyofheartandliverblood心肝火旺exuberanceofheartandliverfire心火亢盛exuberanceofheartfire滋肾养肝nourishingthekidneyandliver肝阴不足insufficiencyoftheliveryin温肾健脾warmingthekidneyandstrengtheningthespleen肾阳式微declinationofkidneyyang脾阳不振inactivationofspleenyang肝旺脾虚hyperactivityoftheliverandweaknessofthespleen脾胃虚弱weaknessofthespleenandstomach平肝和胃soothingtheliverandharmonizingthestomach水湿停聚retentionofwater-dampness肾阴不足insufficiencyofkidneyyin心肾不交disharmonybetweentheheartandkidney水火不济discordancebetweenwaterandfire阴阳俱损simultaneousconsumptionofyinandyang阴阳两虚simultaneousdeficiencyofbothyinandyang损其有余reducingexcess补其不足supplementinginsufficiency阴中求阳obtainingyangfromyin虚寒证deficiency-coldsyndrome扶阳益火strengtheningyangtoincreasingfire祛风散寒eliminatingwindtodispersingcold消导积滞promotingdigestionandremovingfoodretention潜阳息风suppressingyangtoquenchwind阴阳的互根互用interdependenceofyinandyang相互依存interdependence阴阳离决separationofyinandyang阴阳转化transformationbetweenyinandyang发热恶寒feverandaversiontocold头身疼痛headacheandbodypain感受湿邪theattackofdampness清热泄火cleaningawayheatandreducingfire腠理muscularinterstices水湿停滞retentionofwateranddampness气血运行circulationofqiandblood疾病的本质与现象:natureandmanifestationsofdisease阴阳的相对平衡:relativebalancebetweenyinandyang疾病的发生与发展:occurrenceanddevelopmentofdisease同病异治:treatingthesamediseasewithdifferenttherapies异病同治:treatingdifferentdiseaseswiththesametherapy1.中国医药学有数千年的历史，是中国人民长期同疾病作斗争的经验总结。TCM,amedicalsystemwithahistoryofthousandsyears，hassummarizedtheexperienceoftheChinesepeopleaccumulatinginthestruggleagainstdiseases.2.中医学在古代唯物论和辩证法思想的影响和指导下，通过长期的医疗实践，逐步形成并发展为独特的医学理论体系。UndertheinfluenceandguidanceofclassicalChinesematerialismanddialectics,traditionChinesemedicinehaseventuallyevolvedintoamedicalsystemwithuniquetheorythroughlongtermmedicalpractice.3.中医学是研究人体生理病理以及疾病的诊断和防治的一门科学。TraditionChinesemedicineisasciencefocusingonthestudyofthephysiologyandpathologyofthehumanb