英语国家概况复习

ReviewContents1.NationalSymbols2.Geography3.Climate4.People5.Education6.PoliticsandGovernment8.Media9.FestivalsNationalSymbols1.FullName2.NationalFlag3.NationalEmblem4.NationalAnthem5.CapitalCity6.NationalDayFullNameTheUnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandTheUnitedStatesofAmericaCommonwealthofAustraliaCanadaNewZealandNationalFlagNationalEmblemNationalAnthemU.K.:GodSavetheQueenU.S.A.:Star-SpangledBannerAustralia:AdvanceAustraliaFair（澳大利亚前进）Canada:O,CanadaNewZealand:GodDefendNewZealandCapitalCityU.K.:LondonU.S.A.:WashingtonD.C.Australia:CanberraCanada:OttawaNewZealand:WellingtonNationalDayU.K.:the2ndSaturdayinJuneU.S.A.:July4th（1776）Australia:January26th（thefirstpenalcolonyestablished,1788)Canada:July1st（CanadaDay/DominionDay,1867年自治领的成立）NewZealand:February6th(TreatyofWaitangi,1840)Geography1.GeographicalLocation2.Area3.GeographicalFeatures4.Mountains5.RiversandLakesGeographicalLocationAreasTheUnitedKingdom-------244,110km2TheUnitedStates------------9,400,000km2(4)Canada-------------------------9,976,139km2(2)Australia-----------------------7,692,000km2(6)NewZealand------------------270,500km2HighlandZoneLowlandZoneU.K.U.S.A.AppalachianMountains阿巴拉契亚山脉RockyMountains落基山脉RegionsNewEnglandMiddleAtlanticstatesTheAmericanSouthTheMid-WestTheAmericanWestThePacificCoastNewStatesAustraliaTheEasternUplandsTheCentral-EasternLowlandsTheWesternPlateauNewZealandSouthIsland:highmountainsNorthIsland:volcanoesTheHighestMountainsTheUnitedKingdom-------Mt.BenNevis本尼维斯山TheUnitedStates--------Mt.Mckinley麦金利山Canada------------------------Mt.Logan洛根山Australia-------------Mt.Kosciusko科修斯科山NewZealand-----------------Mt.CookTheLongestRiversTheUnitedKingdom---SevernRiver塞文河TheUnitedStates-----------MississippiRiverCanada------------MackenzieRiver马更些河Australia-Murray-DarlingRiver墨累-达令河NewZealand-------WaikatoRiver怀卡托河TheLargestLakesTheUnitedKingdom-------LoughNeagh内伊湖TheUnitedStates-----------FiveGreatLakesCanada------------------------FiveGreatLakesAustralia----------------------LakeEyre艾尔湖NewZealand-----------------LakeTaupo陶波湖Climate1.TypesofClimate2.ReasonstoexplaintheclimatePeople1.Population2.PopulationComposition3.PopulationDistribution4.LargestCitiesPopulationTheUnitedKingdom-------60.6millionTheUnitedStates-----------300millionCanada------------------------30.75millionAustralia----------------------21.1millionNewZealand-----------------4.24millionPopulationCompositionTheU.K.--------theAnglo-Saxons(England)theCelts凯尔特人(Scotland,Wales,Ireland)TheU.S.------WASPs(whiteAnglo-Saxonprotestant）;African-Americans;AsianAmericans;NativeAmericansCanada------------Anglophones;Francophones;InuitsAustralia----------European/Asianimmigrants;AboriginesNewZealand-----European/Asianimmigrants;MaorisDominantLanguagesTheUnitedKingdom-----English,GaelicTheUnitedStates---------EnglishCanada----------------------English;FrenchAustralia--------------------EnglishNewZealand---------------English;MaoriPopulationDistributionTheU.K.-----England,esp.aroundLondonandtheThamesestuaryareasTheU.S.-------theNortheastCanada---------theGreatLakesandSt.LawrencelowlandsAustralia-------thesoutheasterncoastNewZealand---theNorthIslandLargestCitiesTheU.K.-----London;Birmingham;ManchesterTheU.S.-------NewYorkCity;LosAngeles;ChicagoCanada----------Toronto;Montreal;VancouverAustralia--------Sydney;Melbourne;BrisbaneNewZealand---Auckland;Wellington;ChristchurchReligionUK:ChurchofEnglandUSA:ProtestantismCanada:RomanCatholicism;ProtestantismAustralia:Christianity;Buddhism;IslamNewZealand:Christianity;MaorireligionEducation1.Compulsoryeducation2.Elementaryandsecondaryeducation(publicschoolsVSprivateschools)3.Highereducationa.categoriesofhighereducationinstitutionsb.Howdouniversitieschooseitsapplicants?c.Howdouniversitiesgetfinancialsupport?d.famousuniversitiesFamousUniversityU.K.:Oxford;CambridgeU.S.A.:IvyLeagueAustralia:GroupofEightCanada:LavalUniversity;UniversityofTorontoPoliticsandGovernment1.BasicPoliticalSystem2.LegislativeBranch(composition;membership)3.ExecutiveBranch(headofgovernment;elections;majorpoliticalparties)4.JudicialBranch(highestcourt)5.PoliticalDivisionsBasicPoliticalSystemU.K.U.S.A.CanadaAustraliaNZnowrittenconstitutionwrittenconstitutionwrittenconwrittenconnowrittenconconstitutionalmonarchyRepublicCMCMCMparliamentarysystempresidentialsystemParsystemParsystemParsystemUnitaryState单一制国家（地方政府和中央政府）FederalStateFederalStateFederalStateUnitaryStateLegislativeBranchU.K.HouseofLordsHouseofCommonsU.S.SenateHouseofRepresentativesCanadaSenateHouseofCommonsAustraliaSenateHouseofRepresentativesNewZealandHouseofRepresentativesExecutiveBranchHeadofStateHeadofGovernmentElectionsU.K.Queen(ElizabethⅡ)PrimeMinister(DavidCameron)5U.S.PresidentPresident(BarackObama)4CanadaQueen(GovernorGeneral)PrimeMinister(StephenHarper)5AustraliaQueen(GovernorGeneral)PrimeMinister(KevinRudd)3NewZealandQueen(GovernorGeneral)PrimeMinister(JohnKey)3PoliticalPartiesU.K.TheLaborParty;TheConservativePartyU.S.A.TheDemocraticParty;TheRepublicanPartyCanadaTheConservativeParty;TheLiberalPa