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第二讲初高中衔接—走进高中Part1Revision元音i：ɪeæɑ：ʌɔ：ɒu：ʊɜ：əeɪaɪɔɪəʊaʊɪəeəʊə辅音清：ptkʧtrʦfθsʃh浊：bdɡʤdrʣvðzʒmnŋ辅音lrjw单词拼读（第三组）[reprɪˈ'zentətɪv][s'teɪdʒ][sɪ'ˈkjʊərɪtɪ][stəˈ'tɪstɪks][sepəˈ'reɪʃ(ə)n][ˈ'ɪnflʊəns][ˈ'səʊʃəlɪz(ə)m][ɪˈ'nɪʃ(ə)l]单词拼读（第四组）[ɪn'dʒərɪ][məˈ'tɪərɪəl][dʒæpəˈ'niːz][ˈ'miːdɪəm][ˈ'dʒɜːnəlɪst][ˈ'ɔbvɪəs][ˈ'lɪtərətʃə][ɔptɪˈ'mɪstɪk]翻译句子：•1.树叶在秋天变黄。•Leavesturnyellowinautumn.•2.请把这本书递给他好吗？•Wouldyoupleasepasshimthebook?•3.每个人都在认真地读英语。•EveryoneisreadingEnglishcarefully.•4.妈妈叫我不要在马路上踢足球。•Mothertoldmenottoplayfootballontheroad.•5.我们都认为帮助残疾人是我们的职责。•Weallthinkitourdutytohelpthedisabled.•6.再给我一次机会，我会成功的。•GivemeanotherchanceandIwillsucceed.•Ifyougivemeanotherchance,Iwillsucceed.•7.我一到北京就会给你写信的。•IwillwritetoyouassoonasIarriveinBeijing.•8.如果明天不下雨，我们就去野炊。•Ifitdoesn’traintomorrow,wewillgooutforapicnic.•9.昨天当我到电影院时，电影已经开始了。•WhenIwenttothecinemayesterday,thefilmhadalreadybegun.•10.请告诉我他是什么时候做完家庭作业的。•Pleasetellmewhenhefinishedhishomework.Part2ListeningPart3GrammarFocus句子成分什么是句子•句子是一组词按语法规律构成的语言单位,它具有相对独立而又完整的意义.•句子是怎样构成的?•每个句子都是由各个句子成分组成的.句子成分有主语，谓语，宾语，表语，定语，状语和补语．（一）主语•定义：•主语是动作的执行者,说明句子讲的是谁或者什么情况.什么可以作主语？1.名词2.代词3.数词4.动词不定式短语5.动名词短语Iboughtabeautifulhat。Thefirstisthebest.TolearnaforeignlanguageisnoteasyJohncarefullysearchedtheroom.Smokingisbadforyourhealth.Lookingafterbabiesisatoughtask.6.从句.①Thatheisathiefsurprisesus.②Whetherwewillcancelthemeetinghasn’tbeendecided.③Whathesaidisnotright.it作形式主语•当句子的主语是动词不定式或动名词或从句时,为了使句子平衡,可借助it放于句首，此时,it无具体意义,只是形式主语,而真正主语是后面的动词不定式,动名词或从句.•Eg.It’sdifficulttoworkouttheproblem.形式主语真正主语it作形式主语的结构1.Itis/was+adj./n.+todo•我们不可能按时去那儿。•Itisimpossibleforustogothereontime.2.Itis/was+adj./n.+that从句•我们必须按时到那儿去是一个规定。•Itisarulethatwemustgothereontime.特殊3.It’snouse/nogood/useless+doingsth•和他谈话是没有用的。•Itisnousetalkingwithhim.找出下面句中的主语.1.GeorgehasgonetoParis.2.Readingaloudeverymorningisagoodhabit.3.Toseeonceisbetterthantohearahundredtimes.4.Whowilldothejobisnotveryimportant.5.Whattodonextisnotdecided.6.ItisimportanttolearnEnglish.(二)谓语•定义：•谓语是用来说明主语的动作或状态,一般由动词或动词短语充当.谓语具有各种时态语态的变化.找出下列句子的谓语1.Theearthgoesroundthesun.2.Ithappenedlastweek.3.Iwasreadinganovel.4.Hecanrunveryfast.5.Wemustgoonwithourexperiment.(三)宾语•定义：•宾语是用来表明动作行为的对象或结果,是动作的承受者.•Eg.IlikeEnglish.什么可以作宾语？1.名词.•Hecarriedthebabyinhisarm.2.代词.•Imissedhimverymuch.3.数词•Weneedfour.4.动词不定式•Iliketoreadhisnovels.5.动名词短语•Ihavenotfinishedreadingthatbookyet.6.疑问词＋todo•Doyouknowwheretogo?7.从句•Idon’tknowwhatyouaretalkingabout.找出下列句中的宾语1.Iwillansweryourletterbeforetheendoftheweek.2.Ienjoyreading.3.Thenursetookgoodcareofthechildren.4.Idon’tknowwhenhewillcome.注意：双宾语•有时有些及物动词要求有两个宾语,直接宾语和间接宾语,称之为双宾语.这两个宾语往往一个指人,一个指物.直接宾语一般代表事物,而间接实质宾语一般代表人.•Eg.1.Isenthimtwobooks.Isenttwobookstohim.2.Myfatherboughtmeapresent.Myfatherboughtapresentforme.it作形式宾语•结构：•主语+谓语(think/find/consider/make)+it+adj./n.+todo或that从句•Eg.1.WethinkitimportanttolearnEnglish.2.Wefinditimpossiblethathewillfinishtheworkontime.3.Wethinkitourdutytocleantheclassroom.完成句子1.Youshould______________(说清楚)thatyoucan’tcome.(make)2.Weshould______________(使之成为规则）togetupearly.(make)3.We__________________(认为这是一个荣耀）togototheparty.(honor)makeitclearmakeitaruleconsideritanhonor简单句的五种基本句型1.S＋V2.S＋V＋O3.S＋V＋P(表语)4.S＋V＋O＋O5.S＋V＋O＋OC(宾补)S+V(主+谓)Ismiled.Hecried.Atlasttheyarrived.Icanswim.1.2.3.4.S+V+O(主谓宾)IlikeEnglish.Heisreadingabook.Wehavefinishedourhomework.1.2.3.S+V+P(主系表)Iamateacher.Helookedtired.Thefoodtastesgood.Leavesturnyellowinautumn.1.2.3.4.S+V+O+O(主谓双宾)Hegavemeabook.Hisbrothertoldmethestoryyesterday.Hepassedmeabook.1.2.3.S+V+O+OC(主谓宾宾补)Wefindthebookboring.Wemakehimourmonitor.Hehasmadeitarule.1.2.3.Part4Exercises划分句子成分各种成分表达方式•主语•谓语•宾语•表语•宾补〈〉•定语（）•状语1．Thefruitlooksfresh.2．Thefruitlookingfreshinhisstoresellswell.3．Ihavee-mailedhimthenews.4.Jimdoeshisnewjobwell.)()(5．Thisisthelastchancetogoabroadforfurthereducation.6.TheInternethasbroughtaboutbigchanges．7.Itdoesn’tmatterwhetheryoucomeornot.8.Peterwaskilledinacaraccident!()9.Thetheoryheinsistedonprovedwrong.10.Aretheparentswholettheirchildwhoisyoungenoughwalkinthedarkaloneatnightconsiderate?11.“Hopeforthebestandpreparefortheworst”isaproverb,whichmeanslifeisbeautifulandfulloffrustrationsaswell.12.“Amysteriousillnesshasbeenbroughtundercontrol”,thegovernmentsaidonWednesday.()()()()Thanksforyourattending!