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1初中英语精典专题系列一、导入村长：“本村计划-生育工作的难度一直很大。”记者：“为什么？”村长：“两年前村子旁边修了铁路，每天早上五点火车准时经过，汽笛一响，全村的人就都醒了。这个钟点，你说起来吧，太早；你说接着睡吧，时间又太短……”二、知识点回顾被动语态：一般现在时构成：一般过去时构成：现在进行时构成：过去进行时构成：一般将来时构成：过去将来时构成：现在完成时构成：过去完成时构成：三、专题讲解（一）概述：1.谓语动词：在句子中担任谓语的动词2.非谓语动词：是动词的特殊形式，在句中可以作除谓语外的所有成分（二）非谓语动词使用条件：一个句子当中，已经存在一个主句（谓语动词）,又没有连词的情况下,还有别的动词出现时。Shegotoffthebus,leavingherhandbagonherseat.Shegotoffthebus,butleftherhandbagonherseat.（三）非谓语动词大都可在句中作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等.（四）动词不定式（TheInfinitive）1.动词不定式的基本构成：由不定式符号to加动词原形构成。其否定式由not+不定式构成肯定式：todosth否定式：nottodosth.被动式：tobedone完成式：tohavedone2.动词不定式的句法作用法：动词不定式有副词，形容词和名词的特征，因此在句中可作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语定语、状语等成份。①.动词不定式作主语：ToteachEnglishismyfavorite.动词不定式作主语时可以放在后面，而用it作形式主语放在原主语的位置上。It'snecessarytofindthewitness.有必要找到目击者。②.动词不定式作宾语：某些及物动词可以用动词不定式作宾语，这些动词有decide,begin,help,begin,want,wish,like,forget,learn,ask.等。WhatIwishistolearnEnglishwell.练习：1.Theywanted____(get)onthebus,didn’tthey?2.Hesaidhewished______(be)aprofessor.3.Iagreed______(go)therewiththedoctor.24.Mydaughterpreferred______(dance)whenshewasinhertwenties.5.Hehadpromised______(give)meahand.常跟疑问词+不定式作宾语的动词:tell,advise,show,teach,findout,decide,discuss,learn,explain…know,show,discover,see(understand)•Hetaughtushowtousethetool.•Noonecouldtellmewheretogetthebook.•Ihopeyou’lladvisemewhattodo.③.动词不定式作宾语补语(与宾语之间的关系实际上是逻辑上的主谓关系)。Pleaseaskhimtocomeherequickly.请叫他快过来。练习：1.Mothertoldme___comebackbefore10o’clock.2.I’llgetsomeone___repairtherecorderforyou.3.Whatcausedhim___changehismind?4.Iwishyou___comeassoonaspossible.5.Heaskedme___dotheworkwithhimA:adviseallowaskbegcauseexpectencourageforcegethateinviteorderwishwantwarnremindpromisepermitpersuaderequest…+sb.todoB:seewatchlookathearlistentofeelnotice+sb.+dodoingdoneC:makelethave+sb.+doD:seenwatchedlookedatsb.be+heard+todolistenedtofeltnoticedDidyounoticeanyone(come)in?Iwouldhavehim(wait)formeforalongtime.[注意]：当这类动词转为被动语态时，其后的不定式则要加上“to”如：Heisoftenheard____tosing____thesong·Hewasseen___toenter____theroom.④.动词不定式作表语：WhatIshoulddoistofinishthetasksoon.我应该做的是赶快完成任务。⑤.动词不定式作定语：Ihavesomethingimportanttotellyou.我有重要的事情要告诉你。[注意]：如果不定式是不及物的，它后面就应有必要的介词。如：Heislookingforaroomtolivein．Pleasegivemeaknifetocutwith．⑥.不定式作状语：Wewenttothehospitaltoseeourteacher.我们去医院看了我们的老师。3（五）动名词动名词是由动词原形+ing构成，同现在分词形式一样，在句中可作主语，宾语，表语和定语。1)动名词作主语：Talkinglikethatisnotpolite.（注：动名词可以象动词不定式一样，用it先行祠代替，而把动名词写在后面。It'snousewaitinghere,let'sgohome.2)动名词作表语Seeingisbelieving.3）动名词作宾语有些动词须用动名词来作宾语,它们是begin,mind,suggest,finish,stop,need,enjoy,miss,keep.Pleasestopsmokinginthehouse.4）动名词作定语Sheisstudyinginthereadingroom.（动名词的否定形式：not+动名词Hepretendnotknowingitatall.他假装全然不知。动名词的被动形式：（当动名词和它的逻辑主语是被动关系时，用动名词的被动形式来表示。）Hisbeinglookeddownuponmadehimsick.四、巩固练习：(A)用括号中的动词适当形式填空1.Wearesoglad________(hear)thenews.2.Isawhim________(cross)theroadsafelyand________(run)away.3.Youcan’tmakehim________(do)whatyouwant.4.Idon’tknowwhere________(meet)him.5.Whatmakesyou________(think)I’mafarmer?6.Didyouseehim________(go)upstairs?7.Itisbetter________(put)yourmoneyinabank.8.Itisdifficultfortheboy________(swim)acrosstheriver.9.Ilethim________(go)earlyashewanted________(meet)hisuncleatthestation.10.Willyouhelpme________(move)thebed?11.Ifhedoesn’tknow,how________(use)therecorder,you’dbetter________(show)him.12.Heisthelastone________(leave)theofficeeveryday.13.It’sbadmanners________(shout)inpublic.14.Theboyisoldenough________(dress)himself.15.Sheistooill________(go)toschool.1.I’mthirsty.Willyougetmesomething____?A.drinkB.todrinkC.eatD.eating2.Itwasgreatfun_____apicniconthehill.A.tohaveB.ofhavingC.haveD.had3.It’sbadforyoureyes____computergamesforalongtime.A.playsB.toplayC.playD.played4.----DoyouoftenhearJohn____inhisroom?----Yes.Listen!Nowwecanhearhim____inhisroom.4A.sing;tosingB.singing;singingC.sing;singingD.tosing;singing5.Whynot____?A.lethimtogohomeB.tolethimgohomeC.lethimgohomeD.tolethimtogohome五、拓展训练。六、反思总结。附件：当堂过手训练1.Boys,don'tforget_____thewindowsbeforeyouleavetheclassroom.A.closingB.closedC.toclosingD.toclose2.Shereachedthetopofthehillandstopped_______onabigrock.A.tohaverestedB.restingC.torestD.rest4.Remember_______thelightswhenyouleavetheoffice.A.toturnoffB.turningoffC.turnoffD.toturningoff1.Letme______(help)you_______(water)theflowers.2.LittleSandywouldlove_______(take)tothecinemathisevening.3.Thoughheoftenmadehisdeskmate______(cry),todayhewasmade_______(cry)byhisdeskmate.4.Isawhim_______intothesmallstore.A.wentB.goingC.togoD.hasgone5.Telltheboy_______outofthewindow.A.nottolookB.tonotlookC.don'tlookD.notlook1.Thehouseisnotbigenoughforusall_______.A.toliveinB.tobelivedinC.toliveD.forlivingin2.Wouldyoupleasepassmetheknife_______?A.tocutthefruitwithB.tocutthefruitC.cuttingthefruitD.cuttingthefruitwith