现在分词课件

GrammarandusageLearningaims(学习目标):1.Graspthedefinition(定义)ofV-ing2.Graspthetenses(时态)andvoices(语态)ofV-ing3.Graspthefunction(功能)ofV-ing.请说明划线部分的句子成分Ilostmyumbrella.Shedoesherhomeworkeveryday.Sheplaystheviolincarefully.Theboyisverynaughty.Wemadehimcry.Thisisafantasticbook.Ihavetwoforeignfriends,aCanadianandanAmerican.Don’tsteponthegrass.主语谓语宾语表语宾补定语同位语状语千万要注意V-ing形式的规则哟！不能单独作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，可以有自己的宾语和状语。还有时态和语态的变化。语态类别时态vt.主动语态被动语态ing一般式(与谓语动词同时发生)完成式(先与谓语动词之前发生)时态和语态doingbeingdonehavingdonehavingbeendone现在分词的否定式：notdoing解题步骤：1.判断是否为非谓语动词↓2.与逻辑主语的关系↓3.与谓语动词的先后关系1、动名词作主语(表一般性的，泛指的，抽象的,时间概念不强的动作)眼见为实，耳听为虚。Seeingisbelieving。说比做容易多了。Sayingiseasierthandoing.玩电脑游戏是没有好处的。Playingcomputergamesisnogood.==It’snogoodplayingcomputergames.一、V-ing作主语2，It做形式主语的句型，某些句型中用V-ing做逻辑主语。Itisnousedoing做…没用Itisnogooddoing做…没好处Itisuselessdoing做….没有用Thereisnopoint(in)doing做…没有意义不要做无意的后悔。Itisnousecryingoverspiltmilk.抽烟是没有好处的。Itisnogoodsmoking.说再多也是没有用的。Itisuselesstalkingtoomuch.跟他争辩是没有意义的。Thereisnopointinarguingwithhim.1.他是一个攻击型的运动员。Heisan_________(attack)player.2.他提了一个令人难堪的问题。Heaskedan__________(embarrass)question.3.正在学走路的小孩常常跌跤。Alittlechild_______(learn)towalkoftenfalls.==Alittlechildwhoislearningtowalkoftenfalls.注意：当-ing形式做后置定语时，可以相当于相应的定语从句。二、V-ing作定语如果是单个的动词的-ing形式做定语，常放在被修饰词前做前置定语；如果是动词的-ing形式的短语做定语，常放在被修饰词后做后置定语。attackingembarrassinglearning转换成定语从句：Thepeoplesittingbehindusareteachers.==TheexpertcomingfromHongkongisaladycalledMsCai.==Thepeoplewhoaresittingbehindusareteachers.TheexpertwhocomesfromHongkongisaladycalledMsCai.1)说明被修饰词的性质，特征或用途。他们将手术台架设在一座小庙里。Theysetupan_____________(operate)tableinasmalltemple.他说不定在阅览室里。Hemaybeinthe____________(read)room，forallIknow.女士们先生们，请去会议室等待。Ladiesandgentlemen，pleasegoandwaitinthe_____________(meet)room.operatingreadingmeeting2)与被修饰词为主动关系且表示正在进行的动作.1.有大约二百个孩子在这所艺术学校学习。Therewereabout200children_________(study)intheartschool.2.正在和我们英语老师谈话的那位妇女是谁？Whoisthewoman_______(talk)toourEnglishteacher？talkingstudying3)有些-ing形式已经转化成形容词，常做定语用来修饰物，表示“令人……”。常用的此类词有：exciting，amusing，amazing，astonishing，shocking，puzzling，confusing，disappointing，discouraging，pleasing，striking，boring，tiring，touching，moving，interesting，satisfying，terrifying，frightening等。如：1.那准时一段可怕的经历。Thatmusthavebeena_____________(terrify)experience.2.那项试验是一个惊人的成功。Theexperimentwasan_______(amaze)success.3.这本书缺了一页。Thereisapage________(miss)fromthisbook.terrifyingamazingmissing注意：除了-ing形式能做定语外，如果-ing形式表正在与被修饰词又是被动关系，就用它的被动式，即beingdone。如：1.正在被建的高楼是我们的新学校。Thetallbuilding____________(build)nowisournewschool.2.正在被讨论的问题是被校长提出的。Thequestion______________(discus)waspresentedbytheheadmaster.beingbuiltbeingdiscussed1.Theladysaidshewouldbuyagiftforherdaughterwiththe__________(remain)20dollars.2.Thewildflowerslookedlikeasoftorangeblanket__________(cover)thedesert.3.Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudents_______(study)Chineseintheschool，most________werefromGermany.4.Iwastoldthattherewereabout50foreignstudents_______(study)Chineseintheschool，andmost________(they)werefromGermany.5.Thequestion_____________(discuss)atpresenthassomethingimportanttodowithourdailylife.6.Chinaisa____________(develop)country________(belong)tothethirdworld.remainingcoveringstudyingofwhomstudyingofthembeingdiscusseddevelopingbelonging1.YourjourneyinKenyaisreally__________(excite).2.Whatyoudidwas___________(disappoint).3.ThenightmareIhadlastnightwasvery__________(frighten).现在分词作表语通常表示主语的属性和特征,相当于形容词,其主语通常是物.三、V-ing作表语disappointingexcitingfrightening1）作动词的宾语Shedenied_______(make)amistake.Heimagined_______(lead)ahappylife.2)作介词宾语Heleftwithout______(say)good-byetous.Isthereanyhopeof_________(catch)theearlybus?四、V-ing作宾语makingleadingsayingcatching1.只接v-ing作宾语的常见动词avoid,miss,putoff;避免错过(少)延期;advise,finish,practise;建议完成多练习;enjoy,imagine,can’thelp;喜欢想象禁不住admit,deny,envy;承认否认与妒忌;escape,risk,excuse;逃避冒险(莫)原谅;stand,keep,mind.忍受保持(不)介意.2.只接v-ing作宾语的常见动词短语insiston,objectto,begoodat,leadto,putoff,giveup,feellike,lookforwardto,devoteto,beworth,getusedto,payattentionto3.动词forget,goon,mean,regret,remember,stop,try,beusedto,can'thelp后跟动名词和跟不定式区别较大，须注意。forget,regret,remember后跟动名词，动名词表示已经发生的动作；后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。1)remembertodo记住要做某事rememberdoing记得过去做过某事我记得在街上见过他。Iremember_______(meet)himinthestreet.我想起来要给我父母亲写信。Iremember______(write)alettertomyparents.2)forgettodo忘记去做某事forgetdoing忘记做过某事我忘了去为她寄那封信了.Iforgot_______(mail)theletterforher.我忘记了写过那篇作文.Iforgot________(write)thatcomposition.meetingtowritetomailwriting3)stopdoing停止做某事stoptodo停下正在做的事而去做另外一件事请不要抽烟Stopsmoking,please.咱们停下来休息一下吧。Let'sstoptohavearest.4)meantodo打算做某事meandoing意味着……Imeant________(catch)upwiththeearlybus.Thismeans________(waste)alotofmoney.我打算赶上早班车.这意味着花很多钱.tocatchwasting5)trytodo设法尽力做某事trydoing试着做某事Youshouldtrytoovercomeyourshortcomings.你设法尽力克服你的缺点.Tryworkingoutthephysicsprobleminanotherway.试着用另一种方法去计算这物理难题.6)regrettodo对要做的事表示抱歉或遗憾regretdoing对已做过的事表示后悔我后悔花了那么多钱.我很遗憾地吿诉你,你高考失败了.Iregretspendingsomuchmoney.Iregrettotellyouhavefailedthecollegeentranceexam.Wedon’tallow__________(walk)onthegrass.Wedon’tallowpeople__________(walk)onthegrass.Peoplearenotallow