名词变复数分为规则变化和不规则变化:一.规则变化1)一般情况在词尾加-s清辅音后读/s/map-mapsbook-books浊辅音和元音后读/z/bag-bagscar-cars2)以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的,加-es,bus-buseswatch-watches3)以辅音字母+y结尾的,变y为i再加es,family---familiesbaby---babies注意:以y结尾的专有名词变复数时,直接加stwoMarystheHenrys4)以元音字母+y结尾的,直接加–s,boy-boystoy-toyskey-keysholiday-holidays5)以辅音字母加o结尾的名词变复数有两种形式:1.无生命的物体后加s如:photo---photospiano---pianos2.有生命的物体后加es如:potato--potatoestomato--tomatoeshero---herosNegro---Negros这五个词速记口诀:黑人英雄爱吃西红柿土豆6)以元音字母加o结尾的名词变复数时直接加-s如:radio---radioszoo---zoosbamboo---bamboos7)以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时:1.改f,fe为v再加es,如:wife---wivesknife---kniveswolf---wolvesthief---thievesshelf---shelveshalf---halvesleaf---leavesself---selveslife---lives连成口诀就是:妻子持刀去宰狼,小偷吓得发了慌,躲在架后保己命,半片树叶遮目光。2.直接加s,如:gulf---gulfsroof---roofschief---chiefssurf---surfsbelief---beliefsproof---proofshandkerchief—handkerchiefs;连成口诀就是:海湾边,屋顶上,首领奴仆两相望,谁说他们没信仰,证据就在手帕上。二、不规则变化1)变man为men如:man---menwoman---womenpoliceman---policemenfireman---firemen2)改oo为ee如:foot---feettooth---teethgoose---geese3)在词尾加-ren如:child---children4)其他特殊变化如:mouse---mice5)单复数同形如:deer,sheep,fish,Chinese,Japanese等。除了人民币的元、角、分外,美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如:adollar,twodollars;ameter,twometers。6)集体名词,以单数形式出现,但实为复数。例如:peoplepolicecattle等本身就是复数,不能说apeople,apolice,acattle,但可以说aperson,apoliceman,aheadofcattle。7)以s结尾的学科名词,是不可数名词,视为单数。如:如:maths,politics(政治),physics(物理)8)表示由两部分构成的东西,如:glasses(眼镜,trousers,clothes,scissors等,应该看作可数名词,作主语时,谓语动词用复数。若表达具体数目,要借助数量词pair(对,双);suit(套);如:apairofglasses;twopairsoftrousers等。9)不同国籍人的单复数国籍总称(谓语用复数)单数复数中国人theChineseaChinesetwoChinese日本人theJapaneseaJapanesetwoJapanese法国人theFrenchaFrenchmantwoFrenchmen英国人theEnglishanEnglishmantwoEnglishmen瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss澳大利亚人theAustraliansanAustraliantwoAustralians俄国人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussians意大利人theItaliansanItaliantwoItalians希腊人theGreekaGreektwoGreeks美国人theAmericansanAmericantwoAmericans印度人theIndiansanIndiantwoIndians加拿大人theCanadiansaCanadiantwoCanadians德国人theGermansaGermanstwoGermans瑞典人theSwedishaSwedetwoSwedes国家人变复数的速记口诀:“中、日、瑞”友好是一致,英法联盟a变e,其他一律加-s练习:请写出下列词的复数形式。city_____zoo_____country_____tooth____mouse__boy_________broom___________car___tree_____horse______bus_____________fox_____branch____baby____family_____dish___radio____photo_____piano_____knife_____leaf_____life_____thief______man_____woman_____child___footthis___________watch___________diary____________day____________book____________dress____________sheep___________tea_____________box___________strawberry____________peach__________sandwich__________paper_________juice__________water___________milk___________rice__________peopleCDdeer____________fish___________答案:citieszooscountriesteethmiceboysbroomscarstreeshorsesbusesfoxesbranchesbabiesfamiliesdishesradiosphotospianosknivesleaveslivesthievesmenwomenchildrenfeetthesewatchesdiariesdaysbooksdressessheepteasboxesstrawberriespeachessandwichespapersjuicewatermilkricepeopleCDsdeerfish