LOGO首字母填空第二讲&第三讲&第四讲判断词性、句子成分、句子结构篇1判断词性2分析句子成分3总结句子结构名词考虑其单复数形式动词考虑其时态、语态及搭配形容词考虑要不要用比较级或最高级,是否需要变成副词(快速)通读全文,检查拼写错误。开胃小菜Manyfamouspeoplef_____lotsoftimesbeforetheysucceeded.1.确定词性2.找出判断依据3.注意时态动词填succeeded的反义词succeeded是过去式,fail也应该是failed真相只有一个:你不会判断词性!首字母填空题考查的是语篇理解过程中的分析判断,句子成分与词性的对应关系,语法结构,词义辨析等全方位的综合能力。所以准确判断词性是做好首填题的一大必备技能。1动词(Verbs)2名词(Nouns)3形容词(Adjectives)4副词(Adverbs)7介词(Prepositions)9冠词(Articles)8数词(Numerals)5代词(Pronouns)10感叹词(Interjections)6连词(Conjunctions)实词(实义词)表示完整意的词汇意义动词v名词n形容词adj副词adv动作或状态人或事物的名称人或事物的特征,修饰名词动作的状态或特征,修饰动、形、副、全句虚词(功能词)没有完整的词汇意义,只表示语法意义助动aux代pron.连词conj.介词prep.冠词art.Do,can,many,must,will等,置于主动词之前代替名词、数词、形容词连接单词、词组、分句的逻辑词用在名词性成分(名词、代词)之前在名词之前,限定所指范围数词num.表示数目(基数词)或顺序(序数词)感叹词int.oh,hello,hi,yeah等(注:数词与感叹词介于实义词与功能词两者之间)词性判断Thedoctorlookedhimoverandtoldhimnottoe_____meatandsugar.1.去除枝干(包括not)2.词组搭配:tellsbtodo3.通过meatandsugar来确定词性有the就填最高级Teaistheo_____drinkintheworld.Ithas5000yearsofhistoryinChina.1.判断词性2.找出判断依据,确定单词3.注意词形形容词IntheUSA,headmastersandteachersdiscipline(惩罚)studentsinmanyways.Theteacheroftenw______toorcallsthestudents’parents.1.去除枝干Theteacherw_____totheparents.2.确定词性——动词3.找出同义词(解题关键词)4.结束了吗?说说你的答案!Yearsago,mobilephoneswererathere______.Onlyimportantpeopleandpeoplew____alotofmoneyhadthem.1.注意感情色彩,找出关键词only2.把importantpeople理解为有权人,后面就是有钱人。有:therebe(短语),have/has(动词),with(介词)Thesedays,thepriceshavebeengreatlyreduced,andmobilephonescomeinsmallsizeandd____colors.Somoreandmorepeople,e_____schoolstudents,havethemintheirhands.1.理解题意,手机价格降低,颜色多彩化2.注意感情色彩。主谓宾齐全,非介即副。甚至是……高频考点:副词如何确定填副词,首先要清楚副词的位置,它的位置一般在:1)动词,形容词,地点、时间状语前,起强调作用2)动词后修饰,进一步说明3)句前句后表示时间,地点常考的副词有:表强调的副词only,even,especially,still,also,always,almost,already;表否定的hardly,never,seldom,rarely等;句中用逗号隔开的however,句后的again,together,altogether,instead,soon,anywhere等,句中的sometimes,usually等。Heisolde_____fordrinking.主系表结构俱全,后面fordrinking就是“浮云”,所以e开头的单词和old有关,就是修饰old的副词,填enough.开挂技巧:凡是看不出是什么词性的,一般都是副词。especially和evenEspecially:特别是。1.强调,特指。2)常表示后面的人或事本应怎么样,理所应当怎么样SomeyoungpeopleintheUnitedStates,e_____collegestudents,donotgooutontraditionaldays.解析:youngpeople包含collegestudents,所以不是递进关系的副词even,而是especiallyWeshoudgivetheseattothepeoplewhoneeditonthebus,e______fortheold.分析:在公交车上,我们应该把作为让给有需要的人士,尤其是老人。这里也是强调,特指老人,所以。也可以理解为老人理所应当享受座位。Even:甚至。1.递进关系2.常表示后面的人或事没被寄予多大希望而“锦上添花”,也可能是情况越来越糟“屋漏偏遭连夜雨”Everyoneshoulddotheirbesttoprotectenvironment_______theteenagers.分析:大家都来保护环境,还有青少年,属于“锦上添花”,有递进关系,那就是even中考真题练习【例1】Annawasonthedietfortwomonths.Herdoctorwaspleasedwithher.“Youhavebeenverygood,”hesaid“Youcaneatsomeofthefoodsyoulikebest.,butonlyalittle.Don’teattoomanysweets….Ifyoudo,youwillgetalotofweighta_________.…“Butwhenyoueatit,itmakesyousick.It’snotagoodfoodforyou.”“Youareright,”saidFrank.“Well,I’lleatmorecakei_________.【分析】这两题填副词,都在句末,分析句子不缺少主要成分,基本确定填副词,再略微看一下上下文,脑子里的常用副词放一遍,确定填again及instead。【例2】Somepeoplesaythatreadingisoutofdate(过时的,陈旧的).Thisisnottrue.Youhavetobeabletoreadtouseacomputerand,thebetteryouread,thebetteryourcomputerskillswillbe.Readingish______outofdate!【分析】动词前后的副词不是强调就是否定,看一下句意,确定应填否定,h开头当然是hardly了。【例3】IrealizedthathewasJack,afriendfrommyschooldaysinEngland.Atthesametimehea______realizedwhoIwas.【分析】以a开头的副词,同学们常常不能很好地确定是also、always还是almost。我们不妨先学习填also的诀窍:如果本句所述内容与上句一致,如此句中的动作与上句一致,都是realize,就确定填also(也)。【例4】Haveawarmbath---it’sagreatwaytorelax.Butn_______stayinthebathroomtoolong.Morethantwentyminutesandyouwillloseallyourenergy.【分析】此处需填的副词很多同学都填错为not,就是没有掌握好基本规则,动词前用副词never、not必须与助动词连用,而no后必须接名词或动名词。1.实词,就要注意名词的单复数和动词的时态、语态,形容词的比较级最高级和副词形式;2.如果是介词,要注意前后相关的词组;3.如果是副词,要注意感情色彩,结合上下文判断句子语气,选择贴切副词。正餐开吃Mr.Wuisgettingold.Heisl_______theschoolsoon.Thes_______inhisclasshavegivenh______alotofp_______.Amongt______arecards,note-books,photosandbooks.Mostofthecardsarem______bythestudentsthemselves.Photoswillh_____Mr.Wurememberthehappyt_________whenhewaswithhisstudents.Nextweek,t________willhaveap_______tos______goodbyetohim.分析:通读短文以后发现Mr.Wu是一位老师.。从old可推断他不久要退休了“l____”应为谓语动词leaving;“s____”是第三句的主语,结合have判断为students;“h____’’是give的宾语,判断为him;“p_____”的内容是cards,note-books…,所以判断为名词presents;“t_____”是介词among的宾语,应为them;“m____”处于bedoneby的结构中,应为过去分词made;“h_____”位于情态动词will之后,应为动词原形help;“t_____”是remember的宾语,并且受到happy的修饰应为time“t_____”是主语,名词或代词teachers/they;“p____”是have的宾语,前面有冠词,所以是名词party“s_____”前有to,分析成分为目的状语todo即tosayYearsago,mobilephoneswererathere___1___.Onlyimportantpeopleandpeoplew__2__alotofmoneyhadthem.Thesedays,thepriceshavebeengreatlyreduced,andmobilephonescomeinsmallsizeandd__3__colors.Somoreandmorepeople,__4___schoolstudents,havethemintheirhands.Itist_5__thatitisaneasywaytokeepintouychwithfriendsatanytimeandinanyplaces.Butinplaceslikeclssrooms,movietheatredandmuseums,whereeveryoneshouldbequietortalkinalowv_6_,wecanalsohearmobilephonesringing.Somedrivershaveaccidentsforusingmobilephoneswhiled__7__.W__8__ofall,somestudenyswhocan’tp_9__theirphonebillsdosomethingillegal(不合法的)togetthemoney.So,aremobilephonesr__10__agoodthing?5.true6.voice7.driving8.worst9.pay10.reallyPART02句子成分篇例句:I】【played】a【red】【basketball】【yesterdayinthehouse】主谓定宾状①I是主语,发出动作的人或物。②play是谓