可持续发展与可持续商业-Development

DevelopmentRuthS..GuzmanBoardChair,PATLEPAMandVice-PresidentforResearchandExtension,RizalTechnologicalUniversity,WhatisDevelopment?Developmententailsimprovementinthequalityaswellasquantityoflife.Developmentistheaccumulationofhumancapitalanditseffectiveinvestmentintheprogressofaneconomy.ShiftsinDevelopmentParadigmsEconomiccumCulturalProgress1920’s–1940’sEconomicProgress1940’s–1960’sEconomicProgresscumRuralDevelopment1950’s–1970’sIntegratedAreaDevelopment1970’sParticipatoryDevelopment1980’sSustainableDevelopment1990’sExploitationofnaturalresourcesIndustrializationasvehicleofecondevtRecognitionofdisparityinincomeAgri-productionandgeographicequityReversalofTOP–DOWNapproachForSustainableDevelopmenttohappen,theworldofnationsagreedtofocusalldevelopmentinitiativestowardssustainabilityofresources.initiatives•TheStockholmConventionheld30yearsago.Thewholeworldagreedontheurgentneedtorespondtotheproblemofenvironmentaldeterioration.TheRoadtoRio•An“EarthSummit”officiallyknownastheUnitedNationsConferenceonEnvironmentandDevelopment,washeldinJune1992atRiodeJaneiroandparticipatedbyover170statesworldwide(114ofwhomwererepresentedbyHeadsofStatesofGovernments)•Publicationofthe“BrundtlandReport,”alandmarkreportestablishingtheneedforsustainabledevelopmentinindustrializedanddevelopingcountries.•Publicationof“OurCommonFuture”bytheUNWorldCommissiononEnvironmentandDevelopmentin1987OutcomesoftheEarthSummit•conventiononbiodiversity;•frameworkconventiononclimatechange;•principlesofforestmanagement;•Agenda21;•theRioDeclarationonEnvironmentandDevelopmentItwasagreedthattheprotectionoftheenvironment,andsocialandeconomicdevelopmentarefundamentaltoSustainableDevelopment(basedontheRioPrinciples).Toachievesuchdevelopment,theglobalprogramAgenda21andtheRioDeclarationtoreaffirmglobalcommitmentwereadopted.TheAgenda21waslocalizedbasedonthemaxim“Thinkglobally,ActLocally”throughourPhilippineAgenda21.MonterreyConferenceonFinanceforDevelopmentDohaMinisterialConferencewhichdefinedfortheworldacomprehensivevisionforthefutureofhumanity.WorldSummitonSustainableDevelopmentheldatJohannesburg,SouthAfricafrom2-4September2002.WhatisSustainableDevelopment?Developmentthatmeetstheneedofthepresentwithoutcompromisingtheabilityofthefuturegenerationtomeettheirownneeds.(Brundtland,1987)WhatisSustainableDevelopment?-itistheharmoniousintegrationofasoundandviableeconomy;responsiblegovernance;socialcohesion;andecologicalintegritytoensurethatdevelopmentisalife-sustainingprocess.SustainableDevelopment=EconomicDevelopment+EnvironmentProtection+SocialReform+People’sEmpowermentPEOPLEENVIRONMENTDEVELOPMENTElements/DimensionsofSustainableDevelopment•Political•Economic•Institutional•Technological•Socio-cultural•EcologicalParametersofSustainableDevelopment•Maintainingasustainablepopulation•MaintainingproductivityandprofitabilityofenvironmentandnaturalresourcesEconomic•Adoptingenvironmentalmanagementweaponsinpolicyanddecisionmaking•ProtectingtheenvironmentandconservingnaturalresourcesEcological•Promotingpropermanagementofwastesandresiduals•Adoptingenvironment-friendlytechnologiesTechnological•Empoweringthepeople•MaintainingpeaceandorderPolitical•Promotingresourceaccessandupholdingpropertyrights•Promotingenvironmentalawareness,inculcatingenvethicsandsupportingenvmanagementactionSocio-cultural•Improvinginstitutionalcapacity/capabilitytomanagesustainabledevelopmentInstitutionalParametersofSustainableDevelopmentPhilippineAgenda21“LimitstoGrowth”1971UNConferenceonHumanSettlementsandEnvironment1972WorldCommissiononEnvironmentandDevelopment1983“OurCommonFuture”1987UNConferenceonEnvironmentandDevelopment1992PhilippineStrategiesonSustainableDevelopment1989PhilippineAgenda211996-isourownnationalagendaforsustainabledevelopment.-recognizesthreekeyactorsinsustainabledevelopment,andtheirrolesindifferentrealmsofsocietyWhatisPhilippineAgenda21?•ThePrinciplesofUnity•TheActionAgenda•TheImplementationStrategiesKeyActorsinSustainableDevelopment•GovernmentisthekeyactorinPOLITY,whichisconcernedwithdemocraticgovernanceandsecurityofhumanrights.•CivilSocietyisthekeyactorinCULTURE,whichisconcernedwiththedevelopmentofthesocialandspiritualcapacitiesofhumanbeings.•BusinessisthekeyactorinECONOMY,whichismainlyconcernedwithproducinggoodsandservicestopeople.SustainableDevelopmentBusinessisthekeyactorinECONOMY,whichismainlyconcernedwithproducinggoodsandservicesforpeopleGovernmentisthekeyactorinPOLITY,whichisconcernedwithdemocraticgovernanceandsecurityofhumanrights.CivilSocietyisthekeyactorinCULTURE,whichisconcernedwiththedevelopmentofthesocialandspiritualcapacitiesofhumanbeings.VisionofPhilippineAgenda21Abetterqualityoflifeforall,throughthedevelopmentofajust,moral,creative,spiritual,economicallyvibrant,caring,diverseyetcohesivesocietycharacterizedbyappropriateproductivity,participatoryanddemocraticprocesses,andlivinginharmonywithinthelimitsofthecarryingcapacityofnatureandtheintegrityofcreation.(PA21,Section1.4,p.12)PhilippineAgenda21SustainableDevelopmentPrinciples•PrimacyofDevelopingFullHumanPotentialThisputsmanatthece