FCE语用1

语用简介及语法串讲BEVERLY老师语用部分介绍阅读Part1也放入语用1.句子结构及成分串讲sentencestructure2.时态串讲tense3.假设串讲wish/ifonly/hope4.主被动串讲active/passivevoice5.引语串讲direct/reportingspeech6.定从串讲relativeclause7.条件句串讲contitionalclause句子结构及成分串讲单句，从句主语，谓语，连词•主谓Hecried.•主谓宾Heateanapple.•主系表Heismybrother.•主谓双宾Hegivesmethebook.•主谓宾宾补Hemakesmehappy.•主谓单句类型•定语从句：修饰名词，跟在名词后•thatwhichwhowhomwhose•Heismybrotherwhoopensasupermarket.•名词性从句：本身是名词，主宾表从句•thatwhetherwhowhywhenwherehow….•Whocamehereyesterdayisaquestion.•状语从句：补充说明，位置灵活•becausesowhenwhereifalthough.•Ifitrainstoday,wecanstayathome.三大从句•哪些是谓语？•1.do2.did3.does4.done5.havedone•6.doing7.cando8.Hadbeendoing•9.shouldbedone10.todo11.tobedone•12.aredoing主语：n/pron/doing/todo/clause(it)介词+名词不做主语宾语谓语：dodoesdidhave/has/had..am/is/are/was/were…can/should/would/…非谓语：doing/done/todo•哪些是谓语？•1.do2.did3.does4.done5.havedone•6.doing7.cando8.Hadbeendoing•9.shouldbedone10.todo11.tobedone•12.aredoing连词conj一个连词可以连接两个谓语,或两套主谓主+谓+连+谓+连+谓主谓+连+主谓+连+主谓And,but,orBecause,so,since,as,when,where,who,that,which,if,although,….划出所有主语，谓语，和连词划出所有主句主语，谓语，和连词Tense时态串讲PresentSimplePastContinuousPerfect100000___________________________PastnowfutureIdoWeusethePresentSimplefor...1.PresentStates-somethingtrueforalongtime(usuallyafeeling,notanaction).2.PresentHabits-arepeatedaction(withoften,sometimes,everyday...)OtherusesofPresentSimpleFacts-webelieveitalwayshappensandwillalwaysbetrue.Thesunrisesintheeast.'Scheduled'futureevents-somethingwhichwecanseeinatimetable(hereafilmguide).Thefilmstartsat6pm.PresentSimple一般现在时S+do/does100000Advancedusesofthepresentcontinuous:Annoyinghabits:Weusuallyusepresentsimpleforhabitsorrepeatedactions.However,youcanusethepresentcontinuouswith'always'ifyouwanttoshowthatyouareannoyedoramusedbyahabit.You'realwayslosingyourwallet!Weusethepresentcontinuousfor:1.Actionsinprogressnow-theystartedbeforenow,andarenotfinished.2.Temporarysituations-itistruenow,butmaybenothappeningatthemomentofspeaking.Youknowitwillchangeinthefuture.Iameatingalotofbananasthesedays.___________________________PastnowfutureIamdoingPresentcontinuous现在进行时S+am/is/are+doing100000Theymetonthefirstdayofkindergarten.Theyhavebeenfriendssincekindergarten.PresentPerfect=before;untilnow;Weusethepresentperfectwhenwewanttotalkaboutexperiences-thingswhichhappenedbeforenow,butitisn'timportantexactlywhen.I'venevervisitedEgypt.I'velovedratssinceIwasachild.Presentperfect现在完成时S+have/has+doneCompletethesentenceswiththeverbsinthebox.hasbeenexhibitinghasmetliveshasappearedisstudyingisworking1Joshua...lives..........inBirminghamwithhisfamily.2He............................forhisGCSEs.3He..............................theQueenandagroupofNewYorkfirefighters.4He.............................onadocumentaryforaKoreanTVnetwork.5He.................................atthewell-known‘9，GalleryinBirminghamsince2001.6He..............................onanewbookatthemoment.Completethesentenceswiththeverbsinthebox.hasbeenexhibitinghasmetliveshasappearedisstudyingisworking1Joshua..............inBirminghamwithhisfamily.2He............................forhisGCSEs.3He..............................theQueenandagroupofNewYorkfirefighters.4He.............................onadocumentaryforaKoreanTVnetwork.5He.................................atthewell-known‘9，GalleryinBirminghamsince2001.6He..............................onanewbookatthemoment.livesisstudyinghasmethasappearedhasbeenexhibitingisworkingThepastsimplehasthreemainuses:Paststates-afeeling(notanaction)inthepast.Ilovedhim.Singlepastevents-oftenwhenyouaretellingthemaineventsofastory.Iwalkedhome,thenIwatchedTV.Pasthabits-actionsrepeatedoften,sometimes,everyweek/day...Iwalkedhomefromworkeveryday.S+didPastSimple一般过去时Actionsinprogressatamomentinthepast-oftenabackgroundtoastory.Iwassleepingwhenthephonerang.Iwassleepingat3.30amthismorning.WealsousepastcontinuouswhentwolongereventsarehappeningatthesametimeIwasthinkingaboutmyholidaywhileIwasteachingmyclassthismorning.ThePastContinuoushastwomainuses:PositiveNegativeQuestionI,he,she,itIwasworking.Iwasn'tworking.WasIworking?You,we,theyYouwereworking.Youweren'tworking.Wereyouworking?PastContinuous过去进行时S+was/were+doing•Weusethe___________________foranactionthathappenedatonemomentinthepast.Weoftenuse____________withthistense.•Weusethe___________________forabackgroundactionordescriptioninthepast.Weoftenusewith___________thistense.Completetherule.Writepastsimple,pastcontinuous,when,andwhile.Rule:•Weusethe___________________foranactionthathappenedatonemomentinthepast.Weoftenuse____________withthistense.•Weusethe___________________forabackgroundactionordescriptioninthepast.Weoftenusewith___________thistense.Rule:pastcontinuouspastsimplewhenwhilePastPerfect-MeaningWeusethepastperfecttoshowthatsomethinghappenedbeforeatimeinthepast.I'dseenthefilm10timesbeforeIwas12.Wealsouseitwithstatescontinuinguntilapasttime.I'dlivedinFranceforthreeyearsbeforeIgotmarried.PastPerfectSimple-StructurePastPerfect过去完成时S+had+doneWeusethe________________totalkaboutaneventthattookplaceataparticulartimeinthepast.Weusethe_____________