八年级上册1-10单元知识点归类总结Unit1Wheredidyougoonvacation?(谈论假期生活,一般过去时)一、习惯用法、搭配1.buysth.forsb.或buysb.sth为某人买某物2.taste+adj.尝起来……3.nothing….but+V.(原形)除了……之外什么都没有4.seem+(tobe)+adj看起来5.arrivein+大地方/arriveat+小地方到达某地6.decidetodosth.决定做某事7.trydoingsth.尝试做某事/trytodosth.尽力做某事8.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做某事9.wanttodosth.想去做某事10.startdoingsth.开始做某事11.stopdoingsth.停止做某事12.look+adj看起来13.dislikedoingsth.不喜欢做某事14.Whynotdosth.为什么不做…….呢?15.so+adj+that+从句如此……以至于……16.tellsb.(not)todosth.告诉某人(不要)做某事17.keepdoingsth.继续做某事18.forgettodosth.忘记去做某事/forgetdoingsth忘记做过某事19.Whata/an+adj.+n(单)+主+谓!或What+adj.+n(复不)+主+谓!How+adj.+主+谓(联系动词)!或How+adv+主+谓(实义动词)!二、知识点讲解1.somethinginteresting有趣的东西1)something,anything,nothing,everything是指物的不定代词。somebody,someone,anybody,anyone,nobody,everybody,everyone是指人的不定代词。somewhere,anywhere,nowhere,everywhere是指地点的不定代词。2)当形容词修饰不定代词、不定副词时,放于这些词的后面;somethingspecial;somewherewonderful.3)不定代词、不定副词做主语时,谓语动词用第三人称单数。如:Iseverybodyhere?大家都到齐了吗?4)something,somebody,someone,somewhere用于肯定句及表示请求或建议的疑问句中,而anything,anybody,anyone,anywhere用于否定句、疑问句及条件状语从句中。如:Didyoudoanythinginteresting?你做了有趣的事吗?(表疑问)2.提建议的句子:①What/howabout+doingsth.?如:What/Howaboutgoingshopping?②Whydon’tyou+dosth.?如:Whydon’tyougoshopping?③Whynot+dosth.?如:Whynotgoshopping?④Let’s+dosth.如:Let’sgoshopping⑤Shallwe/I+dosth.?如:Shallwe/Igoshopping?3.辨析:getto/reach/arrive都是“到达“的意思getto+地点=reach+地点=arriveat+地点(小)=arrivein+地点(大)注意:若他们后面要加地点副词here,there,home等,则不需要加介词。4.nothing...but...意为“除......之外;只有”,后接动词原形。如:IhavenothingtodobutwatchTValldaylong.我整天除了看电视什么也没干。5.feellike意为:“感受到;摸起来”,后跟宾语从句或名词、动名词。如:IfeltlikeIwasabird.我感觉我是一只鸟。Itfeelslikeastone.它摸起来像一块石头。feellikedoingsth.意为“想做某事”。如:Ifeellikeeating.我想吃东西。6.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做…;乐意做…enjoyoneself过得愉快=havefun/haveagoodtime.7.Stillnooneseemedtobebored.仍然没有人感到烦闷。1)seem意为“好像;似乎;看来”,是个连系动词,构成的短语有:seemtodosth.好像做某事如:Theyseemtotalkinclass.他们似乎上课说话。seem(tobe)+adj.似乎......如:Heseemed(tobe)illyesterday.昨天他似乎病了。Itseemsthat+从句似乎......如:Itseemsthathewasillyesterday.昨天他似乎病了。其他表示状态的系动词有:feel(觉得);keep(保持);stay(保持);look(看来像...);smell(闻起来)sound(听起来……)taste(尝起来……)------后面接形容词2)bored作形容词,意为“烦闷的;厌倦的”其主语是某人;而boring也是形容词,其主语是某物。bored(adj),意为“感到厌倦的、无聊的”,其主语是某人;(人ed物ing)boring(adj),意为“令人厌倦的、无聊的”其主语是某物。如:Igotboredwiththeboringwork.我对这无聊的工作感到厌倦。相类似的词语还有:interestedadj.感兴趣的nterestingadj.有趣的tired累的tiring令人疲惫的surprisedadj.感到惊奇的surprisingadj.惊奇的amazed惊讶的amazing令人惊讶的excited兴奋的exciting令人兴奋/激动的8.decide(v)决定decideto(not)dosth.=makeadecision(not)todosth.decision(n)decideondoingsth.决定做某事如:LiLeihasdecidedtogotoBeijing.李雷已经决定去北京。9.Becauseofthebadweather,wecouldn’tseeanythingbelow.1)becauseof+名词/代词/名短Ihadtomovebecauseofmyjob.因为工作的原因because+从句如:IdoitbecauseIlikeit.我做这件事是因为我喜欢。10.enough足够的(名前形后)如:IhaveenoughmoneytogotoBeijing.我有足够的钱去北京。Sheisnotoldenoughtogotoschool.她年龄不够,不能去上学。11.afew与alittle的区别,few与little的区别⑴afew一些修饰可数名词alittle一些修饰不可数名词两者都表肯定意义如:Hehasafewfriends.他有一些朋友。Thereisalittlesugarinthebottle.⑵few少数的修饰可数名词little少数的修饰不可数名词但两者都表否定意义如:Hehasfewfriends.他没有几个朋友。Thereislittlesugarinthebottle.Unit2Howoftendoyouexercise?(谈论生活习惯,一般现在时)一、习惯用法、搭配1.helpsb.withsth帮助某人做某事2.Howabout…?=Whatabout…?….怎么样?/….好不好?3.wantsb.todosth.想让某人做某事4.It’s+adj.+todosth.做某事是….的5.spendtimewithsb.和某人一起度过时光6.asksb.aboutsth.向某人询问某事7.bydoingsth.通过做某事8startdoingsth.开始做某事9.thebestwaytodosth.做某事的最好方式三、知识点讲解1goshopping意为“去购物”。Go+v-ing:表示进行某项活动。如:Goswimming/shopping/skating/skiing/fishing/climbing/hiking2.频率副词:表示次数、频率的副词称为频度副词。一般在实义动词之前,be动词、助动词或情态动词之后常用的频度副词按高低依次为alwaysusuallysometimesseldomhadlyevernever100%80%60%30%10%0%辨析(1).sometimes:有时候;sometime:某时;sometimes:许多次/倍;sometime:一段时间(2).hardly(adv):几乎不硬的;困难的;严厉的;勤奋的ahardwriter努力地;猛烈地study/rainhard3.howoften表示“多久一次”,是对动作的频率进行提问。其回答通常有:频率副词:always,usually,often,sometimes,hardlyever,neverhowoften次数+时间段:如:onceortwiceaweekevery+时间段:everyday(每天)区别:everyday(每天的;日常的)注意:表示“一次或两次”时,一般用once和twice表示。如:onceamonth(一个月一次)而表示“三次或以上”时,则用“数词+times”结构。如:fivetimesayear(一年五次)4.“满的;饱的”…befullof…:Thebottleisfullofwater.瓶子里装满了水。“忙的”=busyHehadafulllife5.Shesaysit’sgoodformyhealth.她说那对我的健康有益。(1)begoodfor:“对……有好处”。如:Doingexerciseisgoodforourhealth.(2)begoodat:“擅长于……”如:Heisgoodatplayingfootball.(3)begoodtosb./sth:“对……好”如:Theoldwomanisgoodtous.(4)begoodtodosth.:“适合;宜于”如:Thewaterisgoodtodrink.(5)begoodwith:“与……相处好”如:Theteacherisgoodwithhisstudents.6.goonline=usetheInternet:上网7.morethantwohours=overtwohours:超过8.keephealthy=stayhealthy=keepingoodhealth:保持健康9.asksb.todo:叫…做某事Teacheraskedmetocleantheclassroom.asksb.nottodosth.:叫…不要做某事Teacheraskedmenottocleantheclassroom.asksb.aboutsth.:问某人某事Weaskedourstudentsabouttheirfreetimeactivities.asksb.forsth.:向某人要求…如:askteacherforhelp10.helpsb.withsth.如:Theyhelpmewiththisproblem.他们帮助你解决这个问题。helpsb.(to)do.如:Theyhelpyou(to)solvethisproblem.他们帮助你解决这个问题。11.(n)惊讶:toone’ssurprise令某人惊讶的是insurprise惊讶地surprisebesurprisedatsth.对…感到意外fullhard(v)使惊奇、意外:besurprisedtodosth.惊讶做某事besurprisedthat+从句如:Iwassurprisedatthenews=Iwassurprisedtohearthenews.12.although(conj):“尽管;虽然”,表示转折关系,同义词有though,不能与but同时使用。如:Althoughthey’reneighbors,theydon’tplaytogether.=They’reneighbors,buttheydo