自然拼读法(Phonics)•自然拼读法(Phonics)”认为:单词不是由字母组成的,而是由音组成的,而音是由字母或者是字母组合组成的。所以字母的发音才是老外们具备了见到单词会读、听到读音会拼写的能力。自然拼读法(Phonics)•“自然拼读法”就是让孩子知道26个字母每个字母都有自己的LetterName(字母的名字)LetterSound(就是字母在词汇中的发音)•,Blending(字母组合的发音);•LetterName:字母的名字,26个字母的字母歌中唱的就是字母的名字。•LetterSound:就是字母在词汇中的发音,比如A•,字母a在apple中的发音。•Blending:字母组合的发音。•只要通过大量的听、读,记住这些拼读规律就可以具备跟老外们一样的见到单词会读、听到读音会拼写的能力•通常经过100•小时的听读训练基本可以掌握此项•技能。音素感知(PhonemeAwareness)•音素是口语中最小的语音单位,它能使词语产生差异。作为阅读教学的目的,一个音素就是由一个或几个印刷字母构成的单音。•音素感知是音韵意识中最为复杂的一部分,它包括押韵、拆分单词和句子,是识别口语音素,以及怎样分离(拆分)、组合(还原)和巧妙运用(增加,删除和替换)音素的能力。1.segments•1.Howmanysoundsdoyouhear?•cup,bat,this•2.Whatisthelastsoundfor“man”?•Whatisthefirstsoundof“boy”?•Whatisthemiddlesound“got”?•3.Drageachsoundintothebox“chip”.•4.Drag/matchthepictureonthetoptothe•pictureonthebottomwiththesameendsound?•Drag/matchthepictureonthetoptothepictureon•thebottomwiththesamebeginingsound.•book•helicopter•Superman•cupcake2.Blends•Try,train,truck•Swing,sweet,swim3.voewls•Ants,ape•Elephant,eat•Igloo,ice•On,okay•Up.Use•Good,waitandsee,音素感知(PhonemeAwareness)•“学习听辨单词中的音、熟练处理这些音、拆分这些音对我的学生来说都是非常重要的。我一天要花15-20分钟时间和我的学生们一起做这些练习,来确保他们有音素感知的基石以增加他们作为读者的成功体验。我明白这样做的好处不仅仅是提高他们的音素感知,而且我的学生将能够更加有准备地阅读单词和理解他们所阅读的内容。同样重要的是,我正在教他们怎样去听音以便如同他们拼和写一样变得更加准确。”(MaragretFischer)Phonemeexercises:Howmanywords?•Dogandcatwerefriends.•Icanseethebox.•Herhouseisred.•Shecanseethemoon.•Canyousmellthedog?•Apigcanbeahog.•Standinline.•Hesatonhisbed.•Ididmymathfast.Phonemeexercises---Findthewordswithshortsounds.•Cat,dog,toe---Findthewordswiththesamelongvowelsound,night,sitorsew.---Whichwordsaysblock?•Black,bloke,block---Findsomethingstartswith“k”.•Crayon,car,cameraa---Findthewordswhichwiththesound“th”.•Bath,thumb,flower---Listentothisword,sh,ow,isitown,shone,show.---Whichisthecorrectwaytoseparatecan,pack,shoe.•Lakebag•Hatebad•Pagesad•Datemap•Takehat•Tablecap•Facecat•Lateact•Saleglad•Thankskate•Lakeactor•Tapsad•Ratplate•Atepat•游戏规则•寻找“a”发音相同的单词,共分为两组,用不同的颜色标出图形。•Masstabpace•Satpathaste•Ladcasestate•Lattershadespade自然拼读(Phonics)•“由于未能充分理解新课程标准,许多英语老师在进行词汇教学时忽略了语音的教学,造成学生只能被老师牵着鼻子走,只能跟着老师拼读,而不能利用语音知识进行词汇的自学,既限制了教师的教学,更限制了学生自主的学习。•在初一不打好语音的基础,将会给以后的英语学习留下严重的“后遗症”,初三还要求补上语音课。失去良好机会,其后果是:学生念不准单词缺乏自学能力,学习英语的兴趣锐减,最后导致放弃不学。”自然拼读(Phonics)•“那种完全口语化教学或模仿式教学都会让学生过的知道,老师变成“英语鹦鹉”,只知道模仿,老师教过的知道,没教的或变种说法,学生就不知所云了,结果增加学生英语学习负担,把英语学死了。”自然拼读(Phonics)•学生两极分化最根本的原因是由于学生语音没有过关造成的。而英语教学最头疼的就是语音教学,学好语音是英语学习入门的关键,也是练好听说读写基本功的基础,过了语音关,才能培养学生自学能力,进而建立学习、自学、循环三个体制。自然拼读教学•Stage1:音素感知(Phonemeawareness)•Stage2:字母(Lettersound)•Stage3:连缀(Consonantsblends)•Stage4:组合(Vowelscombination)BBee,bird,bearBag,bed,bookBoatboneB--ag,ell,end,igit,ob,ox,ug..\自然拼读法C•Can,cat,coat,candy•Cake,coke,cook,carDDad,doll,desk,dogDoor,duck,dice,deerD--ad,an,id,ig,uckFFox,food,foot,fingerFan,face,fire,fishF—an,at,ed,ellig,it,og,oxGGirl,god,game,gunGate,goose,goat,giftG—ap,as,od,ot,umunHHot,hen,hair,houseHat,hill,hand,horseH—at,elp,en,im,it,op,ot,um,utJ•Jam,juice,jelly,june•Jet,jar,jump,jeep•J—•et,ig,im,ob,ab,amellK•Key,kite,kiss,kind•Kid,kick,kitty,king•K—•ick,id,ill,imLLamp,lace,leg,letterLeaf,lion,lock,lookL—Amb,amp,eg,et,ock,ot,uck,ugM•Man,map,mop,milk•Meat,moon,mouse,mango•M—•ad,ap,ell,en,mill,it,od,op,um,ot,un,utN•Net,now,nest,nail•Nut,nose,name,nurse•N—P•Pot,pig,panda,peach•Pen,play,park,pear•P—•at,ass,enet,ick,ig,op,otQ•Quiz,quick,quit•Quiet,quilt,queenR•Rat,race,rain,robot•Ring,rose,rope,rabbit•R—•an,at,ed,ib,ock,od,ub,unS•Sun,sad,sing,snow•Sky,seal,star,swan•S—•am,atell,et,ick,it,un,T•Tap,top,ten,tea•Table•T—•ap,ax,ell,en,im,ip,od,opVVine,van,vote,violinVisa,voice,vase,valleyW•Web,watch,winter,window•Wind,water,wood,witch•W—•ick,ig,am,ap,ell,esY•Yarn,yoke,young,yo-yo•You,yarn,yard,year•Y—•am,ap,ell,esZ•Zone,zoom,zipper•Zoo,zero,zebra•Z—•ag,enipa•Cat,fat,sat,hat,rat/Can,man,pan,ran/Lap,tap,cap,map•Dad,had,bad,sad/Lag,tag,sag,wag,bag•Jam,hamram,yam•Danhasacat.•Dadhasanax.•Afatcatsatonasadrat.•DadandDanranonsand.•Samhashamandjam.•Danhasacapandabag.•Themanranfast.•Maxranasfastastheman.a•Bake,cake,lake,make,sake,stake,shake•Came,lame,name,dame,same,tame•Bane,cane,dane,fane,lane,mane,pane•Fade,make,bade,jade,lade,wade,trade•Dave,gave,pave,save,bave,cave•TatewillbakeacakeforJane’ssake.•TatehasadatewithKate.ButKateislate.•Mypalispale.•Thisispam.•Pamseesaman.•HisnameisJames.•PamandJameshadadate.Pammadeacake.Theyatethecakebythelake.•At,cap,map•我家dad,脾气bad,让我sad,有只cat,非常fat,专吃rat。•Name,game,plane•放下plate,赶到gate,已经late,清晨wake,来到lake,钩上snake.e•Hen,men,pen,ten•Bell,fell,tell,well,hell•Get,let,met,pet•Fed,led,red,Ted,bed•Beg,leg,Meg,Peg•TedmetPeg.•Pegfedthepet.•Thepethastenlegs.•Peghadaredpet.•Don’tgetthepetwet.•Tedhadabell.Peghadawell.Thebellfell.•Ted’sbellfellintoPeg’swell.•Jenwenttothewest.CanKentellJentosendavest?•KenandPegmetaten-leggedpet.e•He,we,be•Eve,steve,Chinese•Pete,these,Japanese•ThisisPete.•ThisisSteve.•PeteandSteveareChinese.•Egg,ten,red•撇下net,鱼没get,衣服wet,为捉pest,从不rest,本领best.i•Dip,hip,lip,tip•Fin,pin,tin,win•Bit,fit,hit,sit•Fill,hill,mill,pill•Big,dig,fig,pig•Bid,did,hid,lid,kid•Jimisabigkid.•Jillisill.•Billhidherpill.•WillBilltell