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现在完成时•1.Sheworksinafactory.•2.Iwasdoingmyhomeworkatthistimeyesterday.•3.WearegoingtohaveapicnicthisSunday.•4.Theyheldasportsmeetinglastweek.•5.Areyouhelpingyourmother.现在完成时1.过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。2.过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态动词构成：have/has+v过去分词havebreakfastIhavejusthadmybreakfast.(现在我不饿)I’mnothungrynowmovedherein2000IstilllivehereIhavelivedhereforthreeyears.Ihavelivedheresince2000/threeyearsago.Payattention注意1.现在完成时句中常见的时间状语A.表示从过去一直持续到现在,不能是具体过去时间(1).for+表示一段时间的短语(2).since+表示过去时间点的词语(3).since+表示过去时间的时间状语从句eg.Ihavebeenateacher______ayear.Hehasbeenatthisschool_______1992.Wehavelearned1,000Englishwords_______wecametothisschool.forsincesince不能是具体过去时间B.just,already,yet,before/ever,never有此类副词时,常强调动作完成,不强调动作的持续.eg.Haveyou_____beentoJapan?Ihave_____finishedmyhomework.Ihavefinishedmyhomework______.Ihaven’tfinishedmyhomework____.everjustalreadyyet•.2表示过去发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常与一些时间状语,如:already,yet,ever,never,just,before,once,twice等连用，也可以和包括现在在内的时间状语，如thesedays,today,thisyear,sofar等连用。•3.现在完成时还往往可以同包括现在时间在内的时间状语连用,如uptothesefewdays/weeks/months/years,just,uptopresent(now),sofar等:•Peterhaswrittensixpaperssofar.Uptothepresenteverythinghasbeensuccessful.现在完成时的未完成用法•指的是动作开始于过去某一时刻，一直延续到现在，或可能还要继续下去。这里的动词要用持续性动词。常与for（+时间段）,since（+时间点）连用.Maryhasbeenillforthreedays.•Maryhasbeenillsincethreedaysago.2.区分短暂性动词与持续性动词.表示短暂性(瞬间性)的动词在现在完成时的句中不能和一段时间连用.即for,since短语或howlong问句Ihaveboughtthispenfortwomonths.Theplayhasbegunforanhour.Tomhasjoinedthearmyforfiveyears.Thedoghasdiedforamonth.Ihavecomehereforfortydays.come/arrivegooutleavebeginbuyborrowjoindiecatchacoldbebeoutbeaway(from)beonhavekeepbeamemberofbedeadhaveacold•现在完成时所表明的是过去发生的动作对现在的影响，强调的是现在的情况，不可以和表示过去的时间状语yesterday,in1991,threedaysagolasttime,lastnight等连用•一般过去时表明的是过去发生的事实，和现在不发生关系。(一)当句中有never,ever,just,already,yet,before等时，常用现在完成时。•1.-Mum,mayIgooutandplaybasketball?-______you______yourhomeworkyet?•A.Do;finishB.Are;finishingC.Did;finishD.Have;finished•2.-______you______anywherebefore?-Yes,butIcan'trememberwhereI______•A.Did;surf;surfedB.Have;surfed;surfed•C.Did;surf;havesurfedD.Have;surfed;havesurfed当句中有for+段时间或since+点时间等时，主句常用现在完成时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词•1.HisbrotherhasbeentoStoneForesttwice______hecametoYunnan.•A.afterB.beforeC.sinceD.for•2.Tom______theCDplayerfortwoweeks.•A.haslentB.hasborrowedC.hasboughtD.hashad•3.I______aletterfromhimsinceheleft.•A.didn'treceiveB.haven'tgotC.didn'thaveD.haven'theard考查have/hasbeen(to,in)/have/hasgone(to)的区别•1.-Haveyouever______LintongtoseetheTerraCottaWarriors?-Yes,Ihave.•A.wenttoB.gonetoC.beeninD.beento•2.Myparents______Shangdongfortenyears.•A.havebeeninB.havebeentoC.havegonetoD.havebeen•3.Iwon'tgototheconcertbecauseI____myticket.•A.lostB.don'tloseC.havelostD.iscoming现在完成进行时主语+have（has）been+动词-ing（一）表示从过去某时开始一直持续到现在的动作，并且还将持续下去•TheChinesehavebeenmakingpaperfortwothousandyears.•中国有2000年的造纸历史。（动作还将继续下去）•IhavebeenlearningEnglishsincethreeyearsago.•自从三年前以来我一直在学英语。•（动作还将继续下去）IstudyforEngilshsince10yearsago.（二）表示在说话时刻之前到现在正在进行的动作。•Wehavebeenwaitingforyouforhalfanhour.•我们已经等你半个钟头了(人还没到，如同在电话里说的，还会继续等)•（三）有些现在完成进行时的句子等同于现在完成时的句子。•Theyhavebeenlivinginthiscityfortenyears.•Theyhavelivedinthiscityfortenyears.•Ihavebeenworkinghereforfiveyears.•Ihaveworkedhereforfiveyears.（四）大多数现在完成进行时的句子不等同于现在完成时的句子。•Ihavebeenwritingabook.（动作还将继续下去）•我一直在写一本书。•Ihavewrittenabook.（动作已经完成）•我已经写了一本书。•Theyhavebeenbuildingabridge.•他们一直在造一座桥。•Theyhavebuiltabridge.•他们造了一座桥。•（五）表示状态的动词不能用于现在完成进行时。•Ihaveknownhimforyears.•我认识他已经好几年了。•*Ihavebeenknowing...•这类不能用于现在完成进行时的动词还有：love爱，like喜欢，hate讨厌，等。1.—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.—Ithinkso.He_____foritformonths.(2008江苏)A.ispreparingB.waspreparingC.hadbeenpreparingD.hasbeenpreparing2.Bythetimeherealizeshe_________intoatrap,it’llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.(2008山东)A.walksB.walkedC.haswalkedD.hadwalked3.Sofarthisyearwe___afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.(2008福建)A.sawB.seeC.hadseenD.haveseen4.CathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineSchool,whereshe____Englishforayear.(2007湖南)A.studiesB.studiedC.isstudyingD.hasbeenstudying5.Danny_________hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopular.(2007福建)A.worksB.isworkingC.hasworkedD.hadworked6.—Ihavegotaheadache.—Nowonder.You_______infrontofthatcomputertoolong.(2007江西)A.workB.areworkingC.havebeenworkingD.worked8.Nowthatsheisoutofjob,Lucy___goingbacktoschool，butshehasn’tdecidedyet.(北京)A.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsider10.—Hi,Tracy，youlookpale.—Iamtired.I______thelivingroomallday.A.paintedB..hadpaintedC.havebeenpaintingD.havepainted