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人教课标高二必修5Unit3officeapartiniteasytakebackdownnotesawayaim就职拆开吸收，留宿别着急收回取下，记下作笔记拿走瞄准worried在这里作状语，前面的being省略。【考例1】Lostinthought,shenearlyranintoatree.陷入沉思，她差点撞到树上。(lost意为“迷失的”，作原因状语)【考例2】Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,_____________.A.exhaustedB.exhaustingC.beingexhaustedD.havingexhaustedThisissimilartothe“jetlag”yougetfromflying,butitseemsyoukeepgettingflashbacksfromyourprevioustimeperiod.这种病有点像喷气式飞机高速飞行所引起的时差反应那样，所不同的是，从以前的时间段一直往回闪去。1)keepdoingsth.继续做某事e.g.Itkeptrainingforaweek.接连下了一星期雨。辨析:keepdoingsth.与keepondoingsth.这两个短语都表示每隔一段时间就发生的动作，这时可互换；keepdoingsth.强调动作的连续性和客观性，而keepondoingsth.强调动作的重复性或动作执行者的决心，常含有一定的感情色彩;keepdoingsth.还可以表示持续不间断的状态和动作；而keepondoingsth.无其用法。e.g.Hekeptonsmokingafterthedoctortoldhimtostop.医生已经劝他戒烟，可他仍继续抽烟。keepawayfrom不接近；避开keepback留在后面，不上前；隐瞒keepoff不接近，挡住keepout(of)使在外keepup跟上；赶上；保持keepupwith跟上；不落人之后Myfriendandguide…这里是几个人？Thewriterandtheactor____goingtodeliveraspeechnextFriday.Thewriterandactor___goingtodeliveraspeechnextFriday.想一想，这两个句子有什么区别？areis在这里，called过去分词作后置定语。1.Idon'tknowthegirl______inthesnowstorm.A.tocatchB.caughtC.catchingD.tobecatching2.Theboy_____downbyacarwasdying.A.knockB.knockingC.knockedD.toknock在这个句子中，现在分词dreaming与过去分词relaxed均为伴随状语。Theteachercamein,________bysomestudents.（follow)_________somestudents,theteachercamein.（follow)过去分词作状语表完成的动作，表被动。现在分词作状语表正在进行的动作，表主动。followedFollowing想一想，这两个句子有什么区别？surrounding在句中作名词，常用复数形式，意为“环境，周围的事物”。e.g.Thesurroundingsachildgrowsupmayhaveaneffectonhisdevelopment.toleratevt.意为“容忍；忍受；容许；默许”。e.g.Ithinktheteachercantoleratehisstudents’talkinginclass,butwillnevertoleratetheireating.Hitbyalackoffreshair,myheadached.过去分词短语作原因状语。lackn.缺乏，不足e.g.Theprojectfailedforlackofmoney.lackv.缺少，没有常用短语：lackforsth.=needsth.需要某物belackinginsth.=lacksth.某物不足/不够SoonIwasbackonmyfeetagainandfollowinghimtocollectahoveringcarriagedrivenbycomputer.在这里，过去分词短语作后置定语。相当于一个定语从句。e.g.Throughouthistory,thelanguagespokenbyapowerfulgroupspreadsacrossacivilization.losesightof看不到sight相关词组：atfirstsight乍一看之下atthesightof…看到……catchsightof…瞥见……outofsight在视野之外，看不见loseone’ssight失明direction在本句中意为“方向；方面”，还可意为“倾向；方针；指南；指示；管理；指导”inalldirections朝四面八方e.g.Afterthebombing,thepiecesofglassandbricksflewinalldirections.JustatthatmomentIhada“timelag”flashbackandsawtheareaagainasithadbeenintheyearAD2008.就在这个时候，我得到一次“时间滞后”的闪回，这样我就再次看到似乎是公元2008年的那个地区。providesb.withsth.给某人提供某物相当于offersb.sth.=offersth.tosb.e.g.Parentsprovidetheirchildrenwithfoodandclothing.rise,rose,risenvi.上升，升起raise,raised,raisedvt.举起，筹集，喂养havingdone现在分词的完成形式，作时间状语时，表示明显的时间先后顺序。havingbeendone现在分词完成形式的被动形式。e.g.Havingfinishedallthehomework,theboywentouttoplaywithhisfriends.Havingbeenbeatenseveraltimes,heisalittledepressed.remind…of…让某人回想起e.g.Thesephotosremindmeofmychildhoodinthatsmallvillage.remindsb.todosth.提醒某人去做某事e.g.Upondeparture,fatherremindedmetocheckmyluggageonceagain.constantlyadv.不断地e.g.Fashionisconstantlychanging.时尚总是日新月异。Heatthesauce,stirringconstantly.加热调味汁并不停地搅动。asaresult结果asaresultof…作为……的结果；由于resultin导致resultfrom…由……导致相当于一个介词相当于一个副词acalmingdrinkcalming动名词作定语，表目的和用途e.g.awalkingstickaswimmingpoolasmokingroomCanyougivemoreexamples?innotimeimmediately,atonce立即，马上e.g.Theywillbebackinnotime.allthetime一直，始终atatime依次，逐一，每次e.g.Arrivingatastrange-lookinghouse,heshowedme….arriving在这里是现在分词作时间状语。e.g.Enteringtheclassroom,hetoldusthebadnews.Leavinghisfamily,hedidn’tknowwheretogo.