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非谓语动词一讲I.作状语的现在分词1.Readingthestory,henoddedfromtimetotime.(时间)Onhearingthenews,shebegancrying.2.Notknowinghisaddress,Ican’tsendhimthisbook.（原因）CharlesleftFrance,preferringtogiveuphisfortune.Whilehewasreadingthestory,Assoonassheheardthenews,BecauseIdon’tknowhisaddress,,becausehepreferredtogiveuphisfortune.I.作状语的现在分词3.Marysatthere,lookingintospacethinking.（伴随）Iwroteheraletter,thankingforherkindness.（补充）4.Hedied,leavinghissonasmallfortune.（结果）Shethrewthecuptotheground,breakingitintopieces.5.Workinghard,youaresuretomakeit.（条件）Turningleft,youwillfindtheschool.andlookedintospacethinking.andthankedforherkindness.andlefthissonasmallfortune.andbrokeitintopieces.Ifyouworkhard,Ifyouturnleft,Il.作状语的过去分词1.Thechildren,wornout,fellasleepatonce.2.Heated,waterchangesintosteam.3.Theprisonerwasbroughtin,followedbytwomen.,becausetheywerewornout,Ifitisheated,andwasfollowedbytwomen.注意:分词或分词短语作状语时,它的逻辑主语就是全句的主语.(如以上各例)lll•作状语的过去分词在句中表示时间,原因,条件,让步,方式,伴随情况等.eg•Givenmoretime(When/Ifweweregivenmoretime),wecoulddoitmuchbetter.(时间或条件)•Frightenedbythenoiseinthenight(Asshewasfrightededbythenoiseinthenight),thegirldidn’tdaresleepinherroom.(原因)lll•Shewalkedoutofthehouse,followedbyherlittledaughter.(伴随)•Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.(方式)•分词或分词短语在表示方式或伴随情况时一般不能用相当的状语从句来代替.注意:•1.过去分词或分词短语作状语时,其前可以带有when/while/if等词,借以使过去分词结构所表示的意义更为明确.这种结构通常可以看作是一个省略句,所省略的部分总是“主语+be的变化形式”.省略句的主语必须与主句的主语相同.eg•Once(itis)seen,itcanneverbeforgotten.•If(youare)bittenbyasnake,youshouldsendforhelpanddon’twalk.注意:•2.如果过去分词结构的主语和全句的主语不一致,就必须在分词结构中写出其逻辑主语.这样的结构叫做独立主格结构.它不是句子,只是一个带有逻辑主语的分词短语.eg•Ourhousepaintedwhite(Asourhouseis/hasbeenpaintedwhite),welikeitbetter.•Thejobdone(Whenthejobhadbeendone),wewenthome.