新概念第一册第21-22课

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Lesson21Whichbook?Newwordsandexpressions•1give[giv]v.给•2one[wʌn]pron.一个•3which[witʃ]哪一个1.givev.给•givesb.sth.=givesthtosb.把……给某人givemethatpen=givethatpentome•Eg.GiveHelenthebook.•GivethebooktoHelen.•Givemethatcoat.•Givethatcoattome.•give后面的人如果是代词的时候,我们要用宾格。•Givethemthesenewumbrellas.•Givethesenewumbrellastothem.•giveup放弃•givingn.付出,礼物,给予物•thanksgivingday感恩节Which:哪一个•特殊疑问词:whichisyourbook?•whichonedoyoulikebest?•常见特殊疑问词:•what;which;why;when;•who;whose;How;1.Givemeabookplease,Jane.这是一个祈使句,省略了主语you。祈使句:表示直接的命令、建议、告诫、邀请等多种意图。givemeabook=giveabooktome课文讲解:•Givemeabookplease,Jane!Givemeabook.Give+人+东西表示“我”有两个词I和meI:主格me:宾格动词之后人称代词用宾格珍妮,英文中最常见女名。•主谓宾(双宾)句型•主谓宾(双宾)句型双宾动词:英语中可以接两个不是并列关系、不是同位关系、也不是逻辑主谓关系的名词短语做宾语的动词叫双宾语及物动词,简称为“双宾动词”。givesb.sth.givesth.tosb.直接宾语间接宾语双宾结构:Hegivesmeapen.他给了我一支钢笔。主语+及物谓语动词+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(事物)但若要先说出直接宾语(事物),后说间接宾语(人),则要借助于介词to或for,Hegivesapentome.他给了我一支钢笔tome用来说明“给”这个动作2.Whichbook?哪一本书?(这是一种省略形式)=Whichbookdoyoulike/want?Which哪一个为特殊疑问词,引导特殊疑问句,which的后面可以加单数名词,也可以加复数名词。•Whichroomisyours?•哪个房间是你的?•Thisone?(one代替上句中的room)•是这间吗?•No,notthisone,thatone.•不,不是,是那间。(one指room)•Whichcasesareyours?•哪些箱子是你的?•Theseones?•No,nottheseones,thoseones.•不,不是这些(箱子),是那些(箱子)。3.Thisone?是这本吗?Onepron.one不是数词,而是不定代词,代替上面提到过的单数名词。复数ones•one是不定代词,指代????book!!!!4.No,notthatone.Theredone.口语中常用这样的省略句,全句为:Idon'twantthatone.•someone有人anyone任何人it,one,that它们三词均作代词用,指代前文提到的名词。it所指是同名同物,one和that所指是同名异物,It和that都可以指代上文的一部分或全句,而one不能。••I.it/one/that三者均可用作代词,指代前面提到的名词。一般说来,it指代同名同物;one与that则指代同名异物。•Ihavelostmyumbrella;I'mlookingforit.(该句中it就是指前面的myumbrella)•Ihavelostmyumbrella;IthinkImustbuyone.(one在该句中表泛指,因为myumbrella已经丢了)•TheumbrellayouboughtischeaperthanthatIbought.(替代词that在该句中特指“theumbrellaIbought”,以区别“theumbrellayoubought”)•II.one与that虽可用来指代同名异物,但one为泛指,相当于a/an+名词;that为特指,相当于the+名词。所以one所指代的名词的修饰语一般为a/an/some/any;that所指代的名词的修饰语往往是the/this/that。•Achairmadeofsteelisstrongerthanonemadeofwood.(该句中one可以换成achair)•Thewaterinthecupishotterthanthatinthepot.(该句中that可以换成thewater)•III.one只能代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词复数时用ones;that既可以代替不可数名词也可以代替可数名词单数,代替可数名词复数时用those。•Ilikethispenmorethanthatone.(one代替可数名词单数pen)•Therewereafewyoungpeopleandsomeolderonesinthehouse.(ones代替可数名词复数people)•Mary'shandwritingisfarbetterthanthatofPeter.(that代替不可数名词handwriting)•Thesepicturesaremorebeautifulthanthose.(those代替可数名词复数pictures)one既可代替事物,也可代替人,that只能代替事物而不能代替人。有时可以用theone或theones代替that或those。Theone/Thatonthetableismine.(该句中Theone代替事物,并且也可以用That)Heistheteacher,theonewhoislovedbythestudents.(该句中theone代替人,不能用that)Headvisedthefarmerstochoosethebestseed-heads,theones/thosethathadthebestcolor.(该句中theones代替事物,并且也可以用those)5.Thisone?=Doyouwantthisone?不定代词one代替abook,以避免重复。6.Hereyouare.给你(单复数都可以用)Hereitis.(用于单数)Heretheyare.(用于复数)Lesson22Newwordsandexpressions•1empty['empti]a.空的•2full[ful]a.满的•3large[lɑ:dʒ]a.大的•4little['litl]a.小的•5sharp[ʃɑ:p]a.尖的,锋利的•6small[smɔ:l]a.小的•7big[big]a.大的•8blunt[blʌnt]a.钝的•9box[bɔks]n.盒子,箱子•10glass[glɑ:s]n.杯子•11cup[kʌp]n.茶杯•12bottle['bɔtl]n.瓶子•13tin[tin]n.罐头•14knife[naif]n.刀子•15fork[fɔ:k]n.叉子•emptyadj.空的,空洞的,空虚的,寂寞的•anemptyroom空房间空荡荡的房间•Eg.Theroomisempty.房间是空的。•Givehertheemptybox.•Givetheemptyboxtoher.•v.倒空,弄空•emptythebox把盒子弄空•emptythebottle•emptinessn.空虚,无知,空腹•IfeelIaminemptiness.我觉得我很空虚。•ButI'llfilltheemptiness.但我要填补空虚。•Itisaworldofemptiness.那是一个空虚的世界。•★littleadj.小的•★smalladj.小的•small指物理量值的小或少,是large的反义词,不带什么感情色彩。•Itisasmallfactory.•Theroomisverysmall.•little也表示小或少,但有小而可爱的感情色彩,是big的反义词。•Thereisalittlegardennearourhouse.•Shehasalittleson.adj.少的;年轻的adv.很少地;一点点;少许n.少许;一点点alittle一点同义短语:afew一点•Thereislittlewaterintheglass.•杯子里几乎没有水了。•Thereisalittlewaterintheglass.•杯子里还有些水。•Thereareafewmistakesinthispassage.在这篇文章里有些错误。(1)few,afew是修饰可数名词的,little,alittle是修饰不可数名词的。(2)afew,alittle含肯定意味,few,little含否定意味。•sharpadj.尖的,锋利的,精确的•Theknifeissharp.•Thepencilissharp.•(形容人时)苛刻的,睿智的,针锋相对的夏普•Thepolicewomanisverysharp.•这个女警察特厉害。•blunt钝的•Thepencilisblunt.•Givehimthebluntknife.•box复数boxes•Thereisasharpknifeonthebox.箱子上面有一把锋利的刀。•Arethereanyemptybottlesinthebox?•Therearesomeemptybottlesinthebox.•glass•可数名词,杯子•Thereisaglassonthedesk.•Therearetwoglassesonthedesk.•不可数名词,玻璃•Thereissomeglassonthefloor.地板上有一些玻璃•量词,杯•aglassofwater一杯水•twoglassesofmilk两杯牛奶•glasses眼镜•apairofglasses•twopairsofglasses两副眼镜•cup•n.茶杯•Isthereacupinthebox?•量词杯•acupoftea•twocupsofcoffee•Therearetwocupsofcoffeeonthedesk.••bottle•n.瓶子•Thereisn’tanemptybottleintheroom.•量词•Abottleofmilk•GiveusThreebottlesofwater.•Tin罐头•Givehimthelargetin.•量词•atinof•knife•knives•Aretheseknivessharp?•fork•forks叉子•Givethemthoseknivesandforks.••spoonn.勺子•chopsticksn.筷子emptyfullsharpblunt钝的bluntcupglassglassesboxboxesbottletinforkknifeknivesspoonlargebiglittlesmallWrittenexercises•A:IsthisTim’sshirt?•No,it’snot.______shirtiswhite.HisB:Example:book/(thisblue)/thatredGivemeabook,please.whichone?Thisblueone?No,notthisone,Thatredone.Hereyouare.Thankyou.Thanks!

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