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英语国际音标音素和国际音标1．什么是音素：音素是语音的最小单位。2．音素的分类：元音和辅音。3．音素的个数：共48个，元音音素20个，辅音音素28个。4．什么是音标：记录音素的符号叫做音标。5．什么是国际音标：国际音标是由国际语音协会规定的一套音标，用来记录世界各主要语言的语音。•元音和辅音的定义：•发音时声带振动，呼出的气流通过口腔时不受阻碍，这样形成的语音称为元音。•不论声带振动与否，发音时呼出的气流通过口腔或鼻腔时受到一定的阻碍，这样形成的语音称为辅音。•发音时声带不振动的辅音称为清辅音。•发音声带振动的辅音称为浊辅音。元音12个单元音长元音[a:][ә:][i:][ɔ:][u:]短元音[Λ][ә][i][ɔ][u][æ][e]8个双元音[ai][ei][ɔi][iә][eә][uә][au][әu]辅音11对清辅音[p][t][k][f][h][s][ʃ][tʃ][tr][θ][ts]浊辅音[b][d][g][v][r][z][ʒ][dʒ][dr][ð][dz]3个鼻音[m][n][η]2个半元音[w][j]1个舌边音[l]巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二，四二六前中后双元音也好背，合口集中八个辅音共计二十八八对一清又七浊，四个连对也包括。有气无声清辅音，有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握元音(20Vowels)/i://I//e//æ//ɜ//ә//α//ʌ//ɔ//ɒ//u://ʊ//eI//aI//ɔІ//әʊ//aʊ//Iә//eә//ʊә/:::Lesson1元音[i:][i][ә:][ә]学习•[i:]发这个音的字母和字母组合eeaee•e:mebesheheweevening•ee:sweetbeesweepsheepseesleepthreegreen•ea:meatleafseapeateacheatcleanReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[i:]Canyouseethegreenleavesofeachtreeinthefield?•Canyouseethegreenleavesofeachtreeinthefield?•[i]发这个音的字母和字母组合ieyeyay•i:pigfishinfifteensixshipthin•e:beginbehindjacketbasketball•y:happyheavybusycarrysunnystudytwentyey:monkeymoney•ay:SundaySaturdayFridayReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[i]A:Bequick,we’llgotothecinemaB:WhatisitA:ItaticketA:Bequick,we’llgotothecinemaB:WhatisitA:Itaticket•[ә:]发这个音的字母和字母组合erirurearor•er:herserveterm•ir:birdgirlskirtfirstdirtyskirtshirt•ur:nurseThursdayturtlepurplecurtain•ear:earlylearn•or:wordworkworldReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[ә:]ThenurseseetheturtleonherpurplecurtainThenurseseetheturtleonherpurplecurtain[ә]发这个音的字母和字母组合ureerarorae•ure:picture•er:teacherbrotherdinnerfathersister•ar:sugar•or:doctor•a:pandaaboutabovecamerasofaChinaReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[ә]•Peter’sfatherisadoctor•Peter’sfatherisadoctor音标[i:][i][ә:][ә]练习1.找出下列没有相同发音的词。()①hefeetbreadgreen()②pigisdogship()③thirtybirdherfood()④shebiginmoney()⑤sweetsfishteacherwe()⑥teachersisteraboutgirl()⑦tigerfirstworkshirt()⑧treebeancleanchin()⑨fatherdoctorskirtchina()⑩happyseasitpicture2.读音标写单词。[bi:][bә:d][si:][swi:t][′bizi][hә:][′dɔktә][′sistә][li:f][hi:]3.连线。meat[ә:]thirsty[i:]driver[ә]animal[i:]Lesson2音标[ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u]学习[ɔ:]发这个音的字母和字母组合aawaloroora:wateraw:drawstrawberryal:ballwallor:horsecornforkorshortoor:floordoorReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[ɔ:]IamPaul.Iamfour.Iamtall.GivemeacallIamPaul.Iamfour.Iamtall.Givemeacall•[ɔ]发这个音的字母和字母组合oa•o:foxcoffeedogshopdog•doctorlong•a:watchReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[ɔ]•Tomhasalotofdotsonhispocket.•Tomhasalotofdotsonhispocket.[u:]发这个音的字母和字母组合oooui•o:dowhowhose•oo:foodmoontoo•ui:fruitjuice•u:rulerrudeReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[u:]•Howdoyoudo!Bringyourstool!Gotoschool•Howdoyoudo!Bringyourstool!Gotoschool•[u]发这个音的字母和字母组合ooou•o:womanwolf•oo:lookgoodbookfootwood•u:bullbulletReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[u]•GreenWood,MikeCook,pleasehavealook,Ihaveagoodbook.GreenWood,MikeCook,pleasehavealook,Ihaveagoodbook音标[ɔ:][ɔ][u:][u]练习一．抄写音标，一个抄写10遍,一边抄写一边读。[u]：[u:]：[ɔ]：[ɔ:]：__________二．找出下列没有相同发音的词。()①moonfoodeatfruit()②truebookwoodlook()③foursmallwalkbird()④gotclockshopshirt()⑤busfootpushbook()⑥lostballlongox()⑦rulerdogmooncakeblue()⑧bigshiphorseit•四.写出单词或音标。•[bru:m][dɔ:][sit][bә:d]•[fut][wi:][dɔg][′sistә]•lookdowatergood•toofootclockfirst•worksisterdoctorsea•五.将下列单词与正确的音标用线连起来。•hot[blu:]•football[huk]•blue[ki:s]•hook[futbɔ:l]•kiss[hɔt]Lesson3音标[a:][Λ][æ][e]练习•[a:]发这个音的字母和字母组合aarauear•a:grassglassclassplantdancefast•fatherlast•ar:carstararmMarchgardendarkscarf•au:laughaunt•ear:heartReadthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[a:]•it’stoofartoseethesharkandthethesharkteetharesharp•it’stoofartoseethesharkandthesharkteetharesharp•[Λ]发这个音的字母和字母组合ouooou•o:soncomecolourlovemoney•u:sunnutjumpgumbusbrush•supperus•ou:touchcousincountry•Readthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[Λ]•Hurryup!Aduckcutsabuginthemud.•Hurryup!Aduckcutsabuginthemud.•[æ]发这个音的字母和字母组合aa:dadcapcatbadapplebagflaghandrabbitantblackfathasstandratmap•Readthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[æ]•Cat!Cat!Catchthatfatcat!•Cat!Cat!Catchthatfatcat!•[e]发这个音的字母和字母组合eea•e:eggbelldesklegpettenpen•ea:breadheadbreakfast•Readthesentenceandunderlinetheletterswithpronunciationof[e]•Tedhasaneggandapieceofbreadgoestobed.•Tedhasaneggandapieceofbreadgoestobed.•音标[a:][Λ][æ][e]练习•一．选出下列没有相同发音的词。•()1.cararmfoodgarden•()2.truejumpbuscut•()3.bagshortmapflag•()4.eggpenheadsmall•()5.gotclockbelldog•()6.rabbitbookwoodfoot•()7.ratbatappleten•()8.gunstarduckmoneg•二.写出单词或音标。•［pa:st］[ru:m][swet][sit]•[fæt][gɔt][cΛp][shә:t]•bagcarbusbreadstarheadLesson4双元音[ei][ai][ɔi][әu][au][iә][eә][uә]练习[ei]•a+辅音+etakewake•eieightweigh•ayplayday•aiaimaid•aAprilaviator•Agoodfameisbetterthanagoodface.一个好的名望胜于好的相貌。[ai]•i+辅音+elifeadvice•yskydry•iChinacrisis•ighhighfight•aiaisleThailand•Timeandtidewaitfornoman.岁月不待人。[ɔi]•oytoyboy•oinoisespoil•Boyswillbeboys.男孩将男孩。[әʊ]•ooverocean•o+辅音+ewroterose•owrowgrow•ewsew•AllroadsleadtoRome.[aʊ]•oupoundloud•owcow