宾语从句.ppt

TheObjectClause(Revision)土门初级中学张涛宾语从句是主从复合句的一种。复合句是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的。主句是复合句的主体，从句只是主句的一个成分，它从属于主句。从句在主句中充当什么成分，该复合句就叫什么从句。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。宾语从句在从句中作及物动词的宾语，介词的宾语或某些形容词的宾语。根据引导词的不同可分以下三种：什么样的从句叫宾语从句？1.由that引导的；2.由if/whether引导的；(what,which,who,whom,whose)3.由疑问词引导的(when,where,how,why)句子成分句子成分包括：主语，谓语/表语，宾语，定语，状语，补语主语+谓语/表语+宾语+定语+状语+补语一个句子作主语整个句子就是主语从句eg:Whathesaidisright主语（句子）Thisiswhathewants表语（句子）Hesaid(that)hemissedmeverymuch宾语（句子）（主语从句）（表语从句）（宾语从句）系表主系主谓教学任务复习宾语从句重点和难点1、掌握不同引导词引导的宾语从句2、宾语从句中主从时态的呼应问题3、宾语从句的语序问题，特别是疑问词引导的宾从语序问题1.由从属连词that引导的宾语从句2.由连接代词what,which,who,whom,whose,和连接副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句3.由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句1.由that引导的宾语从句，that在从句中不充当成分，没有词意，所以常省略。而且它是由陈述句转化而来的。请把下列句子合为一句：a,Hesaysb,TomisagoodstudentHesays(that)Tomisagoodstudenta,Hesaidb,HehadacaraccidentyesterdayHesaid(that)hehadacaraccidentyesterday1.“Iamdoingmyhomework.”Hesaid.2.“Iwillcomeback.”Tomsaid.3.Marysaid:IhavebeentoXinJiangthreetimeHesaid(that)hewasdoinghishomeworkTomsaid(that)hewouldcomebackpractice:Marysaid(that)shehadbeentoXinJiangthreetimes由连接代词what,which,who,whom,whose,及连接副词when,where,how,why引导的宾语从句2.由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，引导词在从句中即做成分，也有实际意义，所以不能省略。它是由特殊疑问句转化而来的。请把下列句子合为一句：a,Idon'tknowb,Whendoesthetrainleave?Idon'tknowwhenthetrainleavesa,Sheaskedb,WhereisLiMingfrom?SheaskedwhereLiMingwasfrom注：由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，虽然从句具有疑问的语气，但语序务必保持正常陈述语序。（中考必考知识点）语序的理解疑问语序正常陈述语序1.Whereareyougoing?Whereyouaregoing2.Whyisshelateforclass?Whysheislateforclasseg:1.---Mum,summerholidayiscoming.Iwonder____.---HowaboutQinlingWildZoo?(2014年陕西中考)A.wherecanwegoB.wherewecangoC.howcanwegoD.howwecangoB注意：2.Whatanicepaperfish!Canyoushowus___youmakeit?A.whetherB.howC.whyD.what(2013年陕西中考)3.TomorrowisFather’sDay.Idon’tknow____A.WhatcanIdoformyfatherB.whatIwillgetformyfatherC.whereIwentwithmyfatherD.wherewillIgowithmyfather(2012年陕西中考)4.IwastoldtomeetMr.Greenattheairport.ButIdon’tknow___hewillarrive.(2011年陕西中考)A.whereB.whyC.howD.whenBDB由从属连词if,whether引导的宾语从句3.由连词if/whether引导的宾语从句，引导词在从句中具有实际意义(是否)，但不做任何成分，所以不能省略。它是由一般疑问句转化而来的表示不肯定的语气。请把下列句子合为一句：a,Idon'tknowb,Willshecomehere?Idon'tknowif/whethershewillcomeherea,Heaskedb,Hasshefinishedherhomework?Heaskedif/whethershehadfinishedherhomework注：一般情况下if和whether可以互换，但在以下情况只能用whether。1.在介词后引导宾语从句时；eg:HewasworriedaboutwhetherhecouldpasstheEnglishexam2.和ornot连用时；eg:Iwanttoknowwhetherheisfreeornot3.和动词不定式连用时；eg:Iaskedhimwhethertositbesidemee.g.1.Iwanttoknow_____________________________.（他是否跟我们一起去公园）2.Youaskhim_____________________.（他是否能来）3.Idon’tknow___________________________.（是否要下雨还是不下雨）4.Heaskedme____wecouldgotoBeijingtowatchthegamebyplane.(2008年陕西中考)A.thatB.ifC.howD.whatif/whetherhewillgototheparkwithuswhether/ifhecancomewhetheritisgoingtorainornotpractice:B宾语从句的主从时态呼应问题主句+从句现在时态从句根据实际需要选用任何时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去完成时过去时态从句只能用过去时的范畴一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时注：如果从句表达客观规律，客观事实，名言，警句，谚语的话，不管主句是啥时态，从句必须用一般现在时表达。（中考常考知识点）e.g.1.Ihear(that)_______________________.（一小时后他会回来）2.Hesaid(that)______________________.（他非常想念我们）3.Theteachertoldus(that)___________________________.（地球围着太阳转）4.Hesaidthat_(光速比声速传播的快)5.Myfatherusedtosaytomethat_________________________.(失败是成功之母)hewillbebackinanhourhemissedusverymuchtheearthmovesaroundthesunpractice:thelighttravelsfasterthanthesoundfailureisthemotherofsuccess1.Theradiosaysit_________cloudytomorrow.(be)2.Theheadmasterhopeseverything______well.(go)3.Tomsaysthatthey____________(play)basketballatsixo’clockyesterdayevening.4.Ihearthey__________(return)italready.5.Hesaidthatthey_________membersofthePartysince1948.(be)6.Heaskedwhatthey__________ateightlastnight.(do)7.Theteachertoldhisclassthatlight_______fasterthansound.(travel)8.Ithinkyou__________abouttheracenow.(talk)9.Ididn’tknowwhomtheletters_________from.(be)willbegoeswereplayinghasreturnedhadbeentravelsaretalkingwereweredoing10.MissWangtoldmethattheearth______(move)roundtheearth.12.Couldyoutellmewho_________awaythebookalready?(take)13.LingFengtoldmehe_________thereseveraltimes.(be)14.Ourteachertoldusinclassthesun_______intheeast.(rise)15.Canyoutellmewhatthey______yesterday?(do)moveshastakenhasbeenrisesdid1.Heasked__________________________.(谁能回答这个问题）2.Doyouknow_________________________.（他们在等谁）3.Heasked__________________________________.（谁的书法是班上最好的）完成句子whocouldanswerthequestionwhomtheyarewaitingforwhosehandwritingwasthebestintheclass将下列句子合并为一句:1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswithyou.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.5.“Whenwillhecomeback?”Tomasked.6.“HowcanIgettothestation?”Couldyoutellme?7.“Whyisthetrainlate?”Wouldyoutellme?8.“WhereisTom?”Theyasked.Tomaskedwhenhewouldcomeback.CouldyoutellmehowIcangettothestation?Wouldyoutellmewhythetrainislate?TheyaskedwhereTomwas.