ASTM-D575-1991-橡胶压缩特性的试验方法

Designation:D575–91(Reapproved1996)StandardTestMethodsforRubberPropertiesinCompression1ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationD575;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.1.Scope1.1Thesetestmethodscovertwotestproceduresfordeter-miningthecompression-deflectioncharacteristicsofrubbercompoundsotherthanthoseusuallyclassifiedashardrubberandspongerubber.1.2ThevaluesstatedinSIunitsaretoberegardedasthestandard.Thevaluesgiveninparenthesesareforinformationonly.1.3Thisstandarddoesnotpurporttoaddressallofthesafetyconcerns,ifany,associatedwithitsuse.Itistheresponsibilityoftheuserofthisstandardtoestablishappro-priatesafetyandhealthpracticesanddeterminetheapplica-bilityofregulatorylimitationspriortouse.2.ReferencedDocuments2.1ASTMStandards:D3183PracticeforRubber—PreparationofPiecesforTestPurposesfromProducts2D3767PracticeforRubber—MeasurementofDimen-sions2D4483PracticeforDeterminingPrecisionforTestMethodStandardsintheRubberandCarbonBlackIndustries2E4PracticesforForceVerificationofTestingMachines33.SummaryofTestMethods3.1Thesetestsconstituteonekindofcompressionstiffnessmeasurement.Deflectionisthechangeinthicknessofthespecimenuponapplicationofacompressiveforce.Thetwodifferentproceduresareasfollows:3.1.1TestMethodA—CompressionTestofSpecifiedDeflection—Acompressiontestinwhichtheforcerequiredtocauseaspecifieddeflectionisdetermined.3.1.2TestMethodB—CompressionTestatSpecifiedForce—Acompressiontestinwhichthespecifiedmassorcompressiveforceisplacedonthespecimenandtheresultingdeflectionismeasuredandrecorded.4.SignificanceandUse4.1Thesetestmethodsareusefulincomparingstiffnessofrubbermaterialsincompression.Theycanbeusedbyrubbertechnologiststoaidindevelopmentofmaterialsforcompres-siveapplications.5.Apparatus5.1CompressionTestingMachine—AcompressiontestingmachineconformingtotherequirementsofPracticesE4,andhavingarateofheadtravelof1263mm/m(0.560.1in./min),maybeusedforeithertypeoftest.Anyothertypemachinethatwillmeettheserequirementsmaybeused.Forexample,aplatformscaleequippedwithayokeovertheplatformandahand-operatedscrewtoapplytheforcewillserveifitwillconformtotherequirementsprescribedforaccuracyandrateoftravel.Compressiontestsatspecifiedforcesmaybeperformedonanymachinethatappliesminorandmajorforcesgently,withoutimpact,orbyplacingspeci-fiedmassesgentlyonthespecimen.Themachineshallbeequippedtopermitmeasurementofthedeflectioncausedbytheincreasefromminorforcetomajorforce.5.2DeflectionGage—Thedeflectionshallbereadonagageofdialtypegraduatedinhundredthsofmillimetres(orthou-sandsofaninch).5.3Micrometer—ThethicknessofthespecimenshallbemeasuredinaccordancewithTestMethodAofPracticeD3767.6.TestSpecimens6.1Thetestmaybeperformedeitheronrubberproductsoronstandardtestspecimens,asspecified.NOTE1—Comparableresultsareobtainedonlywhentestsaremadeonspecimensofexactlythesamesizeandshape,testedtothesamepercentagedeflection,ortestedunderthesameforce.6.2Standardtestspecimensshallbe28.660.1mm(1.12960.005in.)indiameter(650mm2(1.000in.2)inarea)and12.560.5mm(0.4960.02in.)inthickness,fromwhichallmoldedsurfacelayershavebeenremoved.7.PreparationofSpecimens7.1Thestandardtestspecimensmaybepreparedasfol-lows:Aslabapproximately13mm(0.51in.)inthicknessmaybecutfromaproductormaybemoldedfromthesamecompoundusedinthepreparationoftheproductandgroundonbothsidestoobtainsmoothparallelsurfacesandthestandardthicknessof12.560.5mm(0.4960.02in.).ThegrindingshallbecarriedoutasprescribedinSection5ofPractice1ThesetestmethodsareunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeD-11onRubberandarethedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeD11.10onPhysicalTesting.CurrenteditionapprovedMarch15,1991.PublishedMay1991.Originallyissuedin1940.LastpreviouseditionD575–88.2AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol09.01.3AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol03.01.1AMERICANSOCIETYFORTESTINGANDMATERIALS100BarrHarborDr.,WestConshohocken,PA19428ReprintedfromtheAnnualBookofASTMStandards.CopyrightASTMD3183andshallbedonewithoutoverheatingtherubber.ThespecimensmaythenbecutfromtheslabsbymeansofasuitablerotatinghollowcuttingtoolsimilartothatillustratedinFig.1.Incuttingthespecimen,thedieshallbesuitablyrotatedinadrillpressorsimilardeviceandlubricatedwithsoapywatersothatasmooth-cutsurfacehavingsquareedgesisobtained.Thecuttingpressureshallbekeptsufficientlylowtoavoid“cupping’’ofthecutsurface.NOTE2—Thecuttingtoolislargerindiameterthanthespecimentoallowforcuttingpressure.7.2Whenrubberproductsaresubjectedtothesetests,thesurfacesthatwillcontacttheplatensofthetestingmachineshallbecleanedofanydust,bloom,grease,orotherforeignmaterial.Grindingisnotrequiredbecausetestsonproductsareintendedtobenondestructive.8.TestConditions8.1Thetemperatureofthetestingroomshallbemaintainedat2362°C(73.463.6°F).Thespecimenstobetestedshallbekeptinthisroomforatleast3hpriortothetimeoftesting.Specimensthathavecompressionpropertiesaffectedbyatmo-sphericmoistureshallbeconditionedinanatmosphereco