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Unit1Alandofdiversity[单词拼写应用]核心单词1．meansn．手段；方法2．hardshipn．苦难；困苦3．boomn．(人口、贸易的)繁荣vi.处于经济迅速发展时期4．occurvi.发生；出现5．luggagen．行李6．hirevt.&n．租用；雇用7．thankfuladj.感激的；感谢的8．reformvt.&vi.改革；革新n．改良；改革；改造9．graspvt.&n．抓住；抓紧；掌握；领会10．customsn．海关；关税；进口税[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Itjustoccurred(occur)tomethatifwewantedtogototheseashoreforourvacation，wehadbettermakereservationsinadvance.2．IamnotcertainwhetherIhavegrasped(grasp)whatyoumeant.3．Lastyearhehired(hire)threelabourerstohelphisharvest.4．Inthemeantime，mobileonlineshoppingmarketis_booming(boom)inChina，withanannualgrowthrateof63.5%.5．Wheneveritis，weshouldkeepathankful(thank)hearttowardseverythingexisted.6．Greatchangeshavetakenplacesinceourcountryreformed(reform)andopenedtotheoutsideworld40yearsago.拓展单词1．majoradj.主要的vi.主修n．专业→majorityn．大多数；大半→(反义词)minorityn．少数2．electvt.选择；决定做某事；选举某人→electionn．选举3．punishv．处罚；惩罚→punishmentn．处罚；惩罚4．crossn．十字；交叉adj.交叉的；生气的v．使交叉；横过→crossingn．横渡；横越；十字路口；人行横道→acrossprep.在……的对面(过)；朝；向5．applyvi.申请→applicantn．申请人→applicationn．申请书；申请6．indicatevt.指出；标示；表明；暗示→indicationn．迹象；标示→indicatorn．指示器；指示信号7．apparentadj.显而易见的；显然的；表面上的→apparentlyadv.显然地；显而易见地8．racen．种族；比赛→racialadj.人种的；种族的[语境运用]用所给词的适当形式填空。1．Apparently，shetooknonoticeoftheapparentmistakesintheaccident.(apparent)2．OneofthemajorproblemsisthatamajorityofthegraduateswhomajorinEnglishfinditdifficulttofindagoodjob.(major)3．Parentsshouldn'tpunishthechildrenforsmallmistakes，becausetoomuchpunishmentwillleadtotheirlosingconfidence.(punish)4．“Walkacrossthisstreetandturnleftatthefirstcrossing．”theboytoldthelady.(cross)5．AlltheapplicantscanapplyinpersonorbyletterandatthesametimeshouldhandintheirapplicationsbeforeMay6th.(apply)阅读词汇1．straitn．海峡2．Arcticadj.北极的；北极区的3．federaladj.联邦制的；联邦政府的4．aircraftn．飞行器；航空器；飞机5．polen．地极；电极；磁极6．vicen．&adj.代理；副职7．shavev．刮；剃8．tramn．(有轨)电车9．bakeryn．面包房；面包厂10．seagulln．海鸥11．cattlen．牛(总称)12．mournv．哀悼；悼念；表示悲痛13．nephewn．侄子；外甥拓展联想1.单复数意义不同的名词小结①custom(风俗)→customs(海关)②manner(方式)→manners(礼貌)③paper(纸)→papers(文件)④art(艺术)→arts(文科)⑤arm(手臂)→arms(武器)⑥work(工作)→works(作品)2.带后缀ing的名词集锦①crossing十字路口②training训练③feeling感觉④wedding婚礼⑤marketing促销⑥spending花销⑦engineering工程3.后缀“or”表示“人”的高频名词①conductor售票员；列车员②translator翻译家；译者③director导演；主管④educator教育工作者⑤editor编辑⑥inventor发明家；发明者⑦operator操作员；接线员熟词生义你知道下面句子中黑体词的汉语意思吗？1．Shefoundherselfrarelycheckingthesocialnetworkingsite,lettingdaysorevenweeksslipbybetweenvisits.(时间)不知不觉地过去2．NotoncediditoccurtoMichaelthathecouldonedaybecomeatopstudentinhisclass.想到3．Asvisitors,theleastwecandoisbeciviltothepeopleintheirownland.彬彬有礼的；客气的[短语多维应用]高频短语1.keep_up坚持；维持；沿袭(风俗、传统等)2．live_on继续存在；继续生存3．make_a_life习惯于新的生活方[语境运用]选用左边短语的适当形式填空。Inthehistory，theChineseimmigrationintoCaliforniadatesbacktothe式、工作等4．by_means_of用……办法；借助……5．occur_to_sb.某人突然想到6．a_great/good_many许多；很多1850s.①A_great/good_manyChinesewenttoCalifornia②by_means_ofshipforgoldorjobs.Aftertheirarrival，theyhadto③make_a_lifethere，forwhichsomepeoplesufferedalot，andothers④kept_uptheirChinesecustomsto⑤live_on.高频短语7.take_in包括；吸收；欺骗；理解8．apply_for申请；请示得到9．mark_out用线画出范围；标出……界线10．back_to_back背靠背11．team_up_with与……合作或一起工作12．the_majority_of大多数……[语境运用]选用左边短语的适当形式填空。Inthelateryears，⑥the_majority_ofimmigrantsfromChina⑦teamed_up_withthelocalAmericanstobuildtheirnewhomes.ThehardworkingChineseimmigrantsgradually⑧took_inAmericanEnglishto⑨apply_forjobs.TheydidreallymakeagreatcontributiontothedevelopmentofAmerica.拓展联想1.“v.＋out”结构短语荟萃①markout标出……界线②turnout结果是③makeout理解；辨认出④workout锻炼⑤cutout删去⑥comeout出版；开花2．“v.＋in”结构短语聚焦①breakin强行闯入②givein屈服；投降③turnin上交④takein吸收；欺骗⑤succeedin在……取得成功⑥engagein从事；参加；忙于[句式结构仿写]教材原句背诵句式仿写应用1.Itislikelythat...有可能……。However，itislikelythatNativeAmericanswerelivinginCaliforniaatleastfifteenthousandyearsago.有可能我们的父母能更好地理解我们并给我们一些合理的建议。It_is_likely_thatourparentscanunderstandusbetterandgiveussomereasonableadvice.2.Thatiswhy...那就是……的原因。Thatiswhytodayover40%ofCaliforniansspeakSpanishasafirstorsecondlanguage.他迷恋电脑游戏，那就是他不得不辍学的原因。Heisaddictedtocomputergames，andthat_is_whyhehastodropoutofschool.3.Itisbelievedthat...人们认为/相信……。Itisbelievedthatbeforelongthemixofnationalitieswillbesogreatthattherewillbenodistinctmajorracialorculturalgroups，butsimplyamixtureofmanyracesandcultures.人们普遍认为书的影响是如此之大，以至于我们的父母总是鼓励我们养成良好的阅读习惯，阅读更多的书籍。It_is_commonly_believed_thattheinfluenceofbooksissogreatthatourparentsalwaysencourageustoformgoodhabitsofreadingandtoreadmorebooks.精讲4个考纲单词1．meansn．手段；方法(1)单句语法填空①Studentssometimessupportthemselvesbymeansofdoingparttimejobs.②Everypossiblemeanshas_been_tried(try)，butnonehasworked.③Allpossiblemeanshave_been_tried(try)，butnonehasworked.④(2018·江苏卷)Timeismoney，butthatprinciplemeans(mean)differentthingsfordifferenttypesofrestaurants.(2)[链接写作]——句式升级(普通表达)Punishmentisbynomeansawisechoicetohelpthemgrowupmentallyandphysically.(高级表达)By_no_means_is_punishment_a_wise_choicetohelpthemgrowupmentallyandphysically.(倒装)先理解再牢记(1)bythismeans通过这种方法bymeansof用……办法；借助……byallmeans一定，务必；当然可以bynomeans决不，一点也不(位于句首时，句子用部分倒装)(2)ameansofcommunication一种通讯/交流工具(3)meanvt.意味着[名师点津]means是单复数同形的名词，其谓语动词的数取决于means前的修饰语：①若all/some/several/manymeans作主语，谓语动词用复数