搜索
定语从句TheAttributiveClause带定语从句的谚语：1.Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves.自助者天助之。2.Hewholaughslastlaughsbest.谁笑到最后，谁笑的最好。3.Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatrueman.不到长城非好汉。1.Then,laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquake___________________________shookTangshan.2.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthose_______________________.whichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstonewhoweretrappedandtoburythedeadSomesentenceswithattributiveclauseinthetextButthepeopleinthecity,_____________________________wenttosleepasusualthatnight.ItwasheardinBeijing,_____________________________________whothoughtlittleoftheseevents,whichismorethan200kilometersaway.Ahugecrack_________________________________________________cutacrosshouses,roadsandcanals.Thenumberofpeople______________________reachedmorethan400,000.thatwaseightkilometerslongandthirtymeterswidewhowerekilledorinjuredComplexsentence复合句：由连词连接两个或多个主谓结构的句子，其中一个主谓结构是句子的主要部分（主句），另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作某个成分（如主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、同位语）。复合句=主句+从句一个主谓结构是句子的主要部分（主句）另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作某个成分（定语）Thestudents(whostudyhard)willpasstheexam.主句主语从句主语从句谓语结构主句谓语结构1.定义：在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句2.先行词：被定语从句修饰名词，代词或整句话关系代词、关系副词：3.引导定语从句的词关系代词：关系副词：when,where,why等who,whom,whose,which,that等定语从句的相关概念TherewasanearthquakewhichhappenedinTangshanin1976.指代人指代物指代人或物主语whowhichthat宾语whom/whowhichthat定语whose(=ofwhom)whose(=ofwhich)在从句中的作用指代功能关系词在从句中作宾语时，可省略。whose指物时“whose+名词”“限定词+名词+of+which”“of+which+限定词+名词”三者可换用Iwanttobuythecoatwhosecolor（=thecolorofwhich/ofwhichthecolor)isthelightest.Theman_______________isLiuXiang.who/thatranfastestLiuXiangistheman________________.who/thatranfastestaboy，hasascar，onhisforeheadHarryPorterisaboy_________________________________.who/thathasascaronhisforeheadChangzhouisacity________________________.Changzhouacitydevelopfastwhich/thatdevelopsfastWhichhouseismine?房顶是棕色的房子是我的。Thehouse_________________ismine.whoseroofisbrownMyhouse1.Theman_________cametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Thegirl_________________ImetisLucy.3.Achild_______parentsaredeadiscalledTom.4.Ilikethebook____________youboughtyesterday.5.Weshallneverforgetthedays____________wespenttogether.6.Iliketheperson_________youjusttalked.7.Ihavearoom________windowfacessouth.who,thatwhom,that,who,/whosethat,which,/that,which,/towhomwhose•Iliketheperson_________youjusttalked.•Ilikethepersonwho/whom/that/不填youjusttalkedto.•“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句•“介词+whom/which/whose”•1)定语从句中谓语的搭配•2）与先行词的搭配•3）句子意义towhomIsthisthecarforwhichyoupaidahighprice?Thefactoryinwhichhisfatherworksisfarawayfrommyhometown.Thecolorlessgaswithoutwhichwecannotliveiscalledoxygen.•注意：•1)介词前还可用名词/数词/不定代词/形容词比较级或最高级等。•Twowatcheswerestolen，oneofwhichismine.•Ireadsomebooks,thecoversofwhichareyellowwithyears.•但是:•有些含有介词的固定动词短语不可拆分•Thisisthelittleboythatyouarelookingfor.1Doyouhaveanything__youwanttosayforyourself?2I’vereadallthebooks_____youlendme.3Thisistheverybook__I’mlookingfor.4Thisisthefirstbook_____hehasread.Itisthemostbeautifulcity___I’veeverseen.5Iknowthethingsandpersons__hereferredto.1.先行词是不定代词all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much2先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little，much等修饰3.先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。4.当先行词是序数词或最高级，或先行词前有序数词和最高级修饰5.当先行词既有人又有物时6.Whichisthebike__youlost?7.Theysecretlybuiltupasmallfactorywhichproducedthings__couldcausepollution8.Myhometownisnolongertheplace____itusedtobe.9.Thisisthesamebike____Ilosttwoweeksago6.当主句的主语是疑问词who或which7.有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另外一个宜用that8当先行词在主句中作表语，也在从句中做表语时1以上是只用that的情况9先行词前有such或者thesame修饰，先行词和关系词指同一物时(1)当关系代词前有介词时，只用which不用thatTherearemanytrees__________theycanhavearest.(2)当先行词本身就是that时Thatwhichyoutoldhimaboutiswhatwewanttoknow.2、只用which不用that的情况(3)在非限制性定语从句中Football,______isaverypopulargame,isplayedallovertheworld.underwhichwhich•Iwastheonlypersonthatwasinvited•inhisoffice.•Jenny,withwhomIplayedtabletennis•yesterday,livesinmynextroom.Attributiveclause:限制性定语从句restrictive非限制性定语从句non-restrictive是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或不明确。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，写时往往逗号分开。IwastheonlypersonthatwasinvitedinhisofficeJenny,withwhomIplayedtabletennisyesterday,livesinmynextroom.注意：引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词不可用that，指人时用who(主语),whom(宾语)，指物时须用which.a)Shehastwobrotherswhoareworkinginthecity.她有两个在这个城市工作的弟弟。(Shehasmorethantwobrothers.)b)Shehastwobrothers,whoareworkinginthecity.她有两个弟弟,他们在这个城市工作。(Shehasonlytwobrothers.)品味一“翻”非限制性定语从句构成：+,+关系词先行词Shehastwobrothers,(whoareworkinginthecity).+其他部分限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句从句与先行词的关系从句是先行词不可缺少的定语，如果省去，主句的意思就会不完整或不明确。从句只是对先行词的附加说明，如果省去,主句的意思仍然清楚或完整标志从句和主句之间不用逗号分开从句和主句之间通常用逗号分开关系代词关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省去可用关系代词that关系代词一般不可省不可用关系代词that修饰从句只修饰一个名词或代词可以修饰一个名词或代词也可修饰整个主句翻译译成先行词的定语“．．．的”通常译成主句的并列句Hetoldmeastory,whichisalreadyknowntoall.Hecamelate,whichmadetheteacherangry.3只用who的情况Anyone____failstofinishthetaskshouldbepunished.Those____wanttogotoTheGreatWallsignuphere.whowho先行词是指人的不定代词anyone,all，nobody，anybody或those，时用who.•ImetagirlinthestreetyesterdaywhogrewupinwesternYunnanprovince.•Thereisayoungmanwhowantstoseeyourfather.当先行词有较长的后置定语时，宜用who•在therebe结构中，先行词指人用whoas与which引导的定语从句Hefailedtotheexam,as(=which)isnatur