牛津译林版八年级下册英语课件Unit-1-Present-Perfect-Tense

8BUnit1PresentPerfectTense现在完成时目前已学过的时态1.一般现在时do/does;is/am/are2.一般过去时did;was/were3.一般将来时will/shalldo/be;is/am/aregoingtodo/be4.现在进行时is/am/aredoing5.过去进行时was/weredoing学习目录现在完成时的结构现在完成时的否定，疑问形式过去分词的构成（规则变化和不规则变化）现在完成时的关键词现在完成时的用法have/hasgone与have/hasbeen区别for/since用法区别现在完成时与一般过去时的比较延续性动词和非延续性动词在现在完成时中的使用基本结构have/has+done助动词（可以帮助构成肯定、疑问和否定句）肯定句：I/You/We/Theyhavearrived.He/She/Ithasarrived.否定句：I/You/We/Theyhaven’tarrived.He/She/Ithasn’tarrived.一般疑问句：HaveI/you/we/theyarrived?Hashe/she/itarrived?肯定回答：Yes,I/you/we/theyhave.Yes,he/she/ithas.否定回答：No,I/you/we/theyhaven’t.No,he/she/ithasn’t.1.Hehascleanedhisroom.(写一个一般疑问句）Hashecleanedhisroom?2.ShehaslivedinLondonforfouryears.(划线部分提问）HowlonghasshelivedinLondon?3.HehasbeentoChina,________?（写出反义疑问句部分）hasn’the4.Theyhavecomebackfromwork.(写否定句）Theyhaven’tcomebackfromwork.现在完成时的结构现在完成时的构成：have/has+done助动词过去分词1.规则动词：直，去，双，变2.不规则动词：AAA，ABB，ABA，ABCAABmovelivelovelike写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词:visitrepairwatchfinishvisitedvisitedrepairedrepairedwatchedwatchedfinishedfinishedmovedmovedlivedlivedlovedlovedlikedlikedverb＋ed以e结尾＋d写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词:stopmoptrapplanstoppedstoppedmoppedmoppedtrappedtrappedplannedplanned注:以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节词,双写最后一个辅音字母＋ed双写＋edstudyhurrystudiedstudiedhurriedhurried去y＋ied注:以辅音字母加y结尾的词,去y＋ied.写出下列动词的过去式和过去分词:begiveseemakeputcomewritewas/werebeengavegivensawseenmademadeputputcamecomewrotewrittenWhatarethekeywordsforthePresentPerfectTense?A:______yourbrother______hishomeworkyet?(finish)B:Yes,he‘salreadydoneit.C:Notyet.KeywordsHasfinishedyetalready注意：already用于肯定句，yet用于疑问句和否定句中A:_______youever_______tothepark?(be)B:No,never.KeywordsHavebeenyetalreadyevernever注意：ever曾经用于疑问句中never从不带有否定意义I______just________thedesk,youcantakeittoyourclassroom.(mend)KeywordshavemendedyeteverneverjustalreadyJust刚刚与现在完成时连用一般置句中Justnow刚才与一般过去时连用Tom___________inthefactorysinceheleftschooltenyearsago.(work)Keywordshasworkedyeteverneversincealreadysince后面带过去时间或有一般过去时的句子A:Howlong______you________inthisschool?(teach)B:For6years.Keywordshavetaughtyeteverneversinceforalready+一段时间We_______only____________100treessofar.(plant)Keywordshaveplantedyeteverneversinceforjustalreadysofar到目前为止二、Adverbsoftime（标志性的时间状语）before(句末)（以前）,bynow/sofar(到目前为止),once,twice,threetimes,…just(刚刚),recently（最近），yet(否/疑)（还/已经）,already(肯)（已经）,ever(否/疑)（曾经）,never（从不）,allone’slife（一生）,in/duringthepast/last5years（在过去的五年里）,for+一段时间口诀以前从来不出现，最近曾经一两遍，自从刚刚for一段，目前已经很明显。1.Weusethepresentperfecttense（现在完成时）totalkaboutanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinues(持续)tothepresent.2.Weusethepresentperfecttensetotalkaboutanactionthathappenedinthepastandhasaconnectionwith(与…有关联)thepresent.3.Wealsousethepresentperfecttensetotalkabouthowmanytimesanactionhashappenedtill(直到)now.具体用法见课本P121.IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.2.EddiehasjusteatenHobo’sfood.3.Ihavealreadyreadthisbookmanytimes.过去开始并持续到现在的动作和状态过去已完成但对现在有一定影响的动作到现在为止这一时段中多次动作的总和或所做过的工作的量的积累学习目录现在完成时的结构现在完成时的否定，疑问形式过去分词的构成（规则变化和不规则变化）现在完成时的关键词现在完成时的用法have/hasgone与have/hasbeen区别for/since用法区别现在完成时与一般过去时的比较延续性动词和非延续性动词在现在完成时中的使用havebeentohavegonetohavebeenin去过某地已经回来常与ever,never,once,twice,连用一直留在某地与for/since连用用howlong提问去了某地还没回来只用于第三人称Hersister_____________Australia,Sheleftthismorning.hasgonetohave/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeenin去过常与ever,never,once,twice,连用在…与时间段连用用howlong提问去了说话时某人不在只用于第三人称A:WhereisBob?B:He____________Japanwithhissister.hasgonetohave/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeenin去过常与ever,never,once,twice,连用在…与时间段连用用howlong提问去了说话时某人不在只用于第三人称A:Howlong____you_______China?B:I_________herefor3years.havebeenhavebeeninhave/hasbeentohave/hasgonetohave/hasbeenin去过常与ever,never,once,twice,连用在…与时间段连用用howlong提问去了说话时某人不在只用于第三人称A:_____youever________thecity?B:No,never.Havebeentosince和for:1)EddiehaslivedwithMilliesince2001.EddiehaslivedwithMilliesince4yearsago.EddiehaslivedwithMilliesincehewasborn.小结:since+时间点（词、词组或句子）2)EddiehaslivedwithMillieforfouryears.小结:for+时间段3)对以上句子划线部分提问:HowlonghasEddielivedwithMillie?1.WehavelearnedEnglish______GradeThreeinprimaryschool.WehavelearnedEnglish_______fiveyears.2.Hehasn’tfeltwell________lastnight.Hasheseenthedoctor?3.Ihavereadthisstorybook_______threedaysago.Ihaven’tfinishedreadingityet.选用since或for填空:sinceforsincesince4.Ithassnowed______twodays.Everythingiscoveredwithsnow.5.Wehavecleanedtheclassroom______halfanhour.6.Wehavestudiedatthisschool____2003.forforsince1.都表示过去发生的事2.现在完成时强调过去和现在的联系，不能和具体的时间状语(时间点)连用；3.一般过去时强调过去发生的动作或状态，与表示过去的具体时间连用（last,ago,yesterday,etc.）presentpastIhavelivedherefortwoyears.Ilivedhere2yearsago.现在完成时和一般过去时的区别及联系：··20152017We____________eachothersincechildhood.We____________eachotherwhenwewereyoung.knowhaveknownknewI________himjustnow.(see)I_____just_____mypen.(lose)sawhavelostHowlong______you______intheUnitedstates?(live)When_____you______here?(move)havedidmovelivedA:When______you______thefilm?B:I____ittwomonthsago.(see)Thewriter________________severalstory-bookssince5yearsago.(finish)didhasfinishedseesaw延续性动词和非延续性动词在现在完成时中的使用延续性动词:be,have,know,live,work,study,learn,teach,wait,wear,walk,sleep等，这些动词可以和表示一段时间的状语连用。非延续性动词:come,go,