牛津沪教版英语八年级上宾语从句专题

牛津沪教版英语八年级上宾语从句专题1/8八年级上宾语从句专题Part1知识点讲解：一、宾语从句的定义宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。批注：中考主要考察及物动词后的宾语，这个作为重点讲解及练习的对象。Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.(动词后)Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.(动词后)Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.（形容词后）Iaminterestedinwhathetoldus.(介词后)Itdependsonwhetheritwillraintomorrow.(介词后)二、宾语从句分类根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。1.由that引导的宾语从句。That只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewouldreadbooksathome.Shedoesn’tknow(that)heisfromShanghai.Iamsorry(that)hefailedtheexam.2.由if或whether引导的宾语从句。If和whether在句中的意思是“是否”。例如：Iwanttoknowif(whether)helivesthere.Heaskedmewhether(if)Icouldhelphim.批注：if有两个含义“是否”以及“如果”Idon’tknowifhewillcometomorrow.Ifhecomes,Iwilltellyou.If和whether的区别：在下列情况下只能用whether：①在具有选择意义，又有or或ornot时，尤其是直接与ornot连用时，往往用whether如：Letmeknowwhetherhewillcomeornot．让我知道他是否能来。Idon'tknowwhetherhedoesanywashingornot．我不知道他洗不洗衣服。Iwonderwhetherwestayorwhetherwego．我不知道我们是去还是留。②在介词之后用whether。如：I'minterestedinwhetherhelikesEnglish．我关心的是他是否喜欢英语。We'rethinkingaboutwhetherwecanfinishtheworkontime．我们正在考虑是否能按时完成这项工作。IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings．我担心是否伤了她的感情。③在不定式前用whether。如：Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertovisittheoldman．他尚未决定是否拜访那位老人。Idon'tknowwhethertogo．我不知去否。Hehasn'tdecidedwhethertogobybusorbytrain．他还未决定是乘公共汽车去还是坐火车去。3.由连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which和连接副词when,where,why,how引导的宾语从句Doyouknowwho(whom)theyarewaitingfoe?Heaskedwhosehandwritingwasthebest.CanyoutellmewheretheNo.3busstopis?Idon’tknowwhythetrainislate.批注：以上先让学生大体上感知宾语从句的类型，明白意思即可，后面会有逐条详细解释和练习注意：if和when既可以引导宾语从句，也可以引导状语从句，应注意它们在两种从句中的意思和用法的不同。if和when引导宾语从句时，分别意为“是否”和“何时”，其时态应和主句时态相呼应；它们引导状语从句时，意思分别为“如果，牛津沪教版英语八年级上宾语从句专题2/8假如”和“当……时候”，当主句时态是一般将来时时，其时态用一般现在时。它们常常放在含有状语从句和宾语从句的题干中进行综合考查。如：—Doyouknowwhenhewillcomebacktomorrow？你知道他明天什么时候回来吗？—Sorry，Idon'tknow．Whenhecomesback，I'lltellyou．对不起，不知道。当他回来了，我将告诉你。—Idon'tknowifhewillcome．我不知道他是否会来。—Hewillcomeifitdoesn'train．如果不下雨，他会来的。三、用法详解1、宾语从句的语序:陈述句的语序例如：Ihear(that)physicsisn’teasy.Ithink(that)youwilllikethisschoolsoon.CanyoutellmehowIcangettozoo?Pleasetellmewhenwe’llhavethemeeting.Idon’tknowwhetherhewillcometomorrow.批注：跟学生讲清楚什么陈述语序，结合各个例子讲解典型例题精讲:14.—Excuseme.Couldyoutellme?—Itwillleaveat4:00p.m.A.howwillyougoShanghaiB.howyouwillgotoShanghaiC.whenwillthebusleaveforShanghaiD.WhenthebuswillleaveforShanghai答案：D考查宾语从句。从答句知问的应该是时间，排除A和B.又因为宾语从句必须用陈述语序，故选D。批注：学生容易把could当做过去式，从而使后面的宾语从句的时态受影响35.-CanIjoinyou？-Sure,wearetalkingabout_____.A.whenshallwegotothemovieB.howcanwegothereC.whoshouldwegowithD.whywelikethemovie答案：D【解析】考查了宾语从句。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序，故排除A、B、C。选D。48.—Couldyoutellme_________?—YoucantakeNo.16bus.A.howcanwegettotheOlympicParkB.howwecangettotheOlympicParkC.howdidwegettotheOlympicParkD.howwegottotheOlympicPark答案：B【解析】宾语从句。特殊疑问句做宾语从句时，用陈述语序；可排除A、C；根据答语可知问句用一般现在时，可排除D；故B为正确答案。注意下面的特殊类型：Idon’tknowwhatiswrongwithher.Doyouknowwhoisthebestatmathsinyourclass?批注：句中what和who都是宾语从句的主语，所以疑问词后紧跟be动词基础练习：1MissGreendidn’ttellus_______in2009.A.wheredoessheliveB.Whereshelives牛津沪教版英语八年级上宾语从句专题3/8C.wheredidsheliveD.whereshelived【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。宾语从句应用陈述句的语序和时态，所以应选D。2.Wouldyoupleasetellme________?A.whendidhecomehomeB.wherehewouldplayfootballC.ifhehadseenthefilmD.whyhedidn’twatchthegame【解析】答案：D。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。主句用的实际上是现在时，宾语从句在这个句子里应用陈述句的语序和一般过去时。3.Idon’tknowwhen__________.A.willthetrainleaveB.thetrainwillleaveC.wouldthetrainleaveD.thetrainleave【解析】答案：B。该题考查的是宾语从句的语序和时态。只有B在语序和时态上符合要求。2、宾语从句的时态1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句该用什么时态就用什么时态。如：Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswhereheis.CanyoutellmehowIcangettotherailwaystation?2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：Heaskedwhattimeitwas.Hetoldmethathewaspreparingforthesportsmeet.HeaskedifyouhadwrittentoPeter.HesaidthathewouldgobacktotheU.S.soon.3.如果宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理，其时态常用一般现在时。例如：OurteachersaidthatJanuaryisthefirstmonthoftheyear.Scientistshaveprovedthattheearthturnsaroundthesun.典型例题精讲15.–Doyouknow_____thistimeyesterday?--Sorry,Idon’tknow.A.whatsheisdoingB.whatwasshedoingC.whatshewasdoing答案：C【解析】宾语从句。宾语从句要用陈述语态。故排除B。由时间状语yesterday可判断为过去时态，故排除A。正确答案是C。36.Thewomanaskedthepolicemanwhere_______.A.thepostofficeisB.thepostofficewasC.isthepostofficeD.wasthepostoffice【解析】宾语从句用陈述语序，排除C，D。主句用asked过去时，所以从句应该选B25.Canyoutellme______afterthisexam?A.whatyoudidB.whatdidyoudoC.whatwillyoudoD.whatyouwilldo【解析】从句末的时间afterthisexam推断出用一般将来时，然后用陈述语序的，只有D答案牛津沪教版英语八年级上宾语从句专题4/8宾语从句真题练习1..–Doyouknow_______tomorrow?–At8o’clock.A.whendidshecomeB.whenshecameC.whenwillshecomeD.whenshewillcome2.—Doyouknow_______theCapitalMuseum?—NextFriday.A.whenwilltheyvisitB.whentheywillvisitC.whendidtheyvisitD.whentheyvisited3.—Canyoutellme_________?—Sheisinthecomputerlab.A.whereLindawasB.whereisLindaC.wherewasLindaD.whereLindais4..—Doyouknow______forShanghailastnight?—At9:00.A.whattimeheleavesB.whattimedoesheleaveC.whattimeheleftD.whattimedidheleave5.--Canyoutellme______whentheteachercameintotheclassroom?--Sorry,Idon'tknow.A.whatwerethestudentsdoingB.whatarethestudentsdoingC.whatthestudentsweredoingD.whatthestudentsaredoing6.－Doyouknow________?－Yes.ShesaidshewasinSanya.A.whereMrsWhitespentherholidaysB.