动名词讲解及练习

动名词讲解及练习作者：来源：发布时间：2009年12月16日动名词是非限定动词的一种形式，由动词原形+ing构成。它既有动词的特征，又有名词的特征，故称。动名词也有时态和语态的变化，如表所示（以及物动词write为例），不及物动词没有语态的变化。时态/语态主动被动一般式writingbeingwritten完成式havingwrittenhavingbeenwritten6.1动名词作主语、宾语和表语1）作主语。例如：FightingbrokeoutbetweentheSouthandtheNorth.南方与北方开战了。2）作宾语a.有些动词可以用动名词作宾语。例如：admit承认appreciate感激avoid避免complete完成consider认为delay耽误deny否认detest讨厌endure忍受enjoy喜欢escape逃脱fancy想象finish完成imagine想象mind介意miss想念postpone推迟practice训练recall回忆resent讨厌resume继续resist抵抗risk冒险suggest建议face面对include包括stand忍受understand理解forgive宽恕keep继续例如：Wouldyoumindturningdownyourradioalittle,please?你把收音机音量调小一点，好吗Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissedbeingcaught.这松鼠幸运得很，刚逃避了被逮住的厄运。b.有些结构后面可以用动名词作宾语或其他成分。例如：admittoprefer…tobeusedtoleadtodevoteoneselftoobjecttosticktonogoodnousebefondoflookforwardtobeproudofbebusycan\'thelpbetiredofbecapableofbeafraidofthinkofburstoutkeeponinsistoncountonsetaboutputoffbegoodattakeupgiveupbesuccessfulin3）作表语，对主语说明、解释。例如：Herjobiswashing,cleaningandtakingcareofthechildren.她的工作是洗刷、清扫和照顾孩子。比较：Sheiswashing,cleaningandtakingcareofthechildren.4）作定语，一般表示所修饰名词事物的用途。例如：awritingdesk=adeskforwriting写字台aswimmingpool=apoolswimming游泳池有些动名词作定语，与所修饰的名词关系比较复杂。例如：boilingpoint=atemperaturepointatwhichsomethingbeginstoboil沸点awalkingtractor=atractorwhichadrivercanoperatewhileheorsheiswalkingbehindit手扶拖拉机6.2worth的用法worth,worthy,worthwhile都是形容词，意为\值得\。1.worth：beworth+n.当名词为金钱时，表示\……值得……\常见的有It’sworthwhiletodo./It’sworth（someone’s）whiledoingbeworthdoingsth.\……某事值得被做\Thequestionisnotworthdiscussingagainandagain.这问题不值得反复讨论。2.worthy：beworthyof+n.当名词为抽象名词时表示\……值得……\beworthytobedone\某事值得被做\Thequestionisnotworthytobediscussedagainandagain.3.worthwhile：beworthwhiletodosth\值得做某事\Itisworthwhiletoaskhimtojointheclub.值得邀请他加入俱乐部。典型例题Itisnot____todiscussthequestionagainandagain.A.worthB.worthyC.worthwhileD.worthwhile答案C.由worth的用法可知，此句只适合词组beworthwhiletodosth.。选C。6.3动名词不定式、分词练习1.Iwas______worklastweek,butIchangedmymind.a.tostartb.tohavestartedc.tobestartingd.tohavebeenstarting2.Iintended______thematterwithyou,butIhadsomeguestshen.a.discussb.discussingc.havingdiscussedd.tohavediscussed3.Don’tletmecatchyou______.a.dothatagainb.todothatagainc.doingthatagaind.donethatagain4.Therearemanykindsofmetals______.a.eachhasitsspecialpropertiesb.onehasitsspecialpropertiesb.eachhavingitsspecialpropertiesd.havingitsspecialproperties5.It’spay-day,andthey’rewaiting______.a.forpayingb.tobepaidc.tobepayingd.tohavepaid6._______trouble,I’mgoingtoforgetthewholeaffair.a.Thenrathercauseb.Rathercausingc.Ratherthancaused.Ratherthancaused7.Thebrillianceofhissatireswas______makeevenhisvictimslaugh.a.soastob.suchastoc.sothatd.suchthat8.Childrenwithparentswhoseguidanceisfirm,consistent,andrationalareinclined______highlevelsofself-confidence.a.possessb.havepossessedc.topossessd.possessing9.Theworkeris______inrepairingthemachinetonoticemycoming.a.toobusyb.enoughbusyc.busytood.busyenough10.“Whatdidyoudointhegarden?”“Iwatchedmyfather______hismotorbike.”a.torepairb.repairedc.repairingd.repairs11.Wemusthaveanengineer______theworkersbuildthehouse.a.toseeb.seec.seeingd.seen12.Inductionmeans______ageneralconclusionfromspecialfacts.a.tocometob.tocomingc.comingtod.came13.I’mnotgoingtoasktheteacherwhyhegavemethatgrade;Iintend_______.a.toletrestthematterb.themattertobeletrestingc.lettingthemattertorestd.toletthematterrest14.Ihavetried_______worryingaboutit.a.tostopconsciouslyb.toconsciouslystopc.toconsciousstoppingd.tostoppingconsciously15.“Doyouwanttogiveatalkonthatsubject?”“Iprefer______.”a.notwantb.notwantingc.tonotgivingd.notto16.I_______thetruthofyourremarks,althoughtheygoagainstmyinterests.a.cannotbutadmitb.cannothelpbuttoadmitc.cannotbutadmittingd.cannothelpbutadmitting17.Sincesheisangry,we______.a.hadbetterleavingheraloneb.shouldleaveheralonec.mightaswellleaveheraloned.hadratherleaveheralone18.Idon’tallow______inmyofficeandIdon’tallowmyfamily______atall.a.tosmoke…smokingb.smoking…tosmokec.tosmoke…tosmoked.smoking…smoking19.Youshouldremember______fromthepointwhenyouarewritingacomposition.a.don’twanderb.nottowanderc.nowanderingd.notwander20.Graceadvisedustowithdraw______.a.soastogetnotinvolvedb.soasnottogetinvolvedc.sothattogetnotinvolvedd.asnottogetinvolved21.Heranallthewayuptothestation______thatthetrainhadleftfifteenminutesbefore.a.inordertofindb.soastofindc.onlytofindd.suchastofind22.Georgewenthuntingforaweekbutstillhedidn’tfindaroom______.a.toliveb.toliveinc.forlivingd.tobelivingin23.Youshouldreallyavoid______athomealoneasheisoldandill.a.yourfatherstayb.yourfathertostayc.yourfather’sstayingd.yourfatherwhostays24.Johndidn’twanttorisk______wetashehadonlyonesuit.a.gettingb.togetc.beinggotd.tobegotten25.I’mdisappointedwiththenewofficerselectedinourclub,butthereisnopoint_______aboutit.a.toworryb.inworryingc.withusworryingd.ifweworry26.Itwon’tbeanyuse______toborrowanymoremoney.a.youtotryb.ofyourtryingc.tryingyoud.yourtrying27.Thelawrequiresallcars_______forsafetyandefficiency.a.beingtestedregularlyb.toberegularlytestedc.beregularlytestedd.regularlytested28.Iremember______tothezoobymy