副词的比较级和最高级形式1)副词和形容词一样,也有比较级和最高级形式。但单音节词和少数双音节词可以加词尾的方法构成比较级和最高级(a),双音节词和多音节词大多以加more和most的方法构成比较级和最高级(b):原级比较级最高级a.hardharderhardestfastfasterfastestlatelaterlatestearlyearlierearliestb.quicklymorequicklymostquicklystronglymorestronglymoststronglycarefullymorecarefullymostcarefullyefficientlymoreefficientlymostefficiently副词的比较级和最高级也有不规则的形式:原级比较级最高级wellbetterbestbadlyworseworstlittlelessleastmuchmoremostfarfarther,furtherfarthest,furthest副词比较级的用法回目录1)单独使用:Trytodobetternexttime.下次争取干好一点。Ihadseenthefilmonlyafewdaysearlier.我是几天前才看的这部电影。He’llcomebacksoonerorlater.他迟早会回来的。Pleasespeakmoreslowly.请讲慢一点。Ideterminednottotravelfartherthatnight.我决定那天晚上不再往前走了。Let’stalkmoreanothertime.改天我们再多聊聊。Can’tyoustaylonger?你不能再多呆一会吗?Shedidnotarguefurtheraboutit.她没进一步争论此事。Heshouldspeaklessandlistenmore.他应当少说多听。Shewasdeterminedtoworkharderinfuture.她决心以后更用功一些。2)和than一起使用:SheswimsbetterthanI.他游泳游得比我好。Heworkslessthanheusedto.他工作的时间比过去少了。Grayloathedhimmorethanever.格雷比过去更讨厌他了。Hearrivedearlierthanusual.他到得比平时早。Igotheremorefrequentlythanshedoes.我去那里比她勤。Perhapstheylikeyoubetterthanme.或许他们喜欢你胜过喜欢我。HestudiedthesubjectfurtherthanIdo.这问题他研究得比我深入。3)比较级前有时可有状语修饰:Youmustworkmuchfaster.你必须大大加快干活的速度。Hewalkednofurther.他没再往前走。Shecoulddanceevenmoregracefullythanadancer.她能比舞蹈演员跳得还美。Helencamelate,buthersistercamestilllater.海伦来晚了,而她妹妹来得更晚。Theywalkedthreemilesfarther(on).他们往前又走了三英里。ChinaisalittlefurthersouththantheU.S.中国比美国稍微靠南一点。Wereachedthedestinationtwodaysearlierthantheothers.我们比别人早两天到达目的地。Heworksalotharderthanbefore.她工作比过去努力多了。YouspeakEnglishfarmorefluentlythantheothers.你讲英语比其他人流利得多。Canyoucomeoverabitmorequickly?你能稍稍快一点来吗?as…as和notso…as结构回目录这两个结构也可结合副词使用:1)as…as可用在肯定句中,表示“像…一样”,后面的副词要用原级:Shecanrunasfastasadeer.她能跑得像鹿一样快。Youcanstayhereaslongasyouwant.在那儿你爱待多久都行。Ihatehimasmuchasyoudo.我像你一样恨他。YouknowallthisaswellasIdo.这一切你和我一样了解。I’llberoundasquicklyasIcan.我将尽快过来。Shesingsassweetlyasanightingale.她唱歌像夜莺一样甜美。Shelovedmeasmuchasherownchild.她待我像亲生孩子。2)在否定句中,as…as和so…as都可以用:Idon’tgothereasmuchasIusedto.我现在到那里不像过去那么多了。Ididn’tdoas(so)wellasIshould.我做得不如我应做的那么好。Idon’tthinkhecanspeakEnglishaswellasanEnglishman.我认为他英文讲得没有英国人好。Ican’tjumpso(as)highasBill.我跳高不如比尔。Idon’tlikeitso(as)wellasyourbrotherworks.我喜欢它不及你的其他作品。Hedoesn’tsnoreso(as)loudlyasyoudo.他打呼噜没你厉害。3)这种句子中也可以有一个表示程度的状语:Idon’tspeakhalfas(so)wellasyou.我讲得不及你一半好。Shecanreadtwiceasfastashedoes.她的阅读速度比他快一倍。Thesubstancereactsthreetimesasfastastheotherone.这种物质的反应速度是另一种物质的三倍。副词最高级的用法回目录副词最高级可修饰动词,前面多数不带定冠词the:Ishallgiveapricetothepupilwhoreadsbest.我将给朗读最好的学生发一份奖品。Helaughsbestwholaughslast.(谚)谁笑在最后谁笑得最好。Ofthefourofus,Isang(the)worst.我们四人中我唱得最差。Ofthesesports,Ilikerowingmost.这些运动中我最喜欢划船。OfallyourCDs,Ilikethatoneleast.你所有的激光唱盘中,我最不喜欢那一张。Hewent(the)farthestoftheexplorers.这些探险家中他走得最远。Helikespaintingbestofall.他最喜欢绘画。Whoarrived(the)earliestofall?谁到得最早?Duringthefamine,thepoorpeoplesuffered(the)most.在饥荒期间,穷人受苦最深。Theburdenfellmostheavilyonthesepeople.这些人的负担最沉重。Shebehavedmostgenerously.她表现得最大方。副词比较级和最高级的一些特殊用法回目录副词比较级和最高级还可用在一些特别结构或短语中:1)moreandmore越来越…:Itrainedmoreandmoreheavily.雨下得越来越大了。Indeed,shelikedhimmoreandmore.的确她越来越喜欢他了。Nowweseeitmoreandmoreclearly.现在我们对这看得越来越清楚了。Heplayedthepianobetterandbetter.他钢琴弹得越来越好了。Shewentfartherandfartheraway.她越走越远了。Easterisdrawingnearerandnearer.复活节越来越近了。2)themore…themore越…,越…:ThemoreIwork,themoreIaccomplish.我干得越多,完成得就越多。ThemoreIthought,themoreextraordinarydiditappear.我越想,这事就越显得离奇。ThebetterIknew,themoreIlikedhim.我对他说了解越深就越喜欢他。Themorewearetogether,themerrierwewillbe.我们越多在一起就越高兴。3)hadbetter最好:We’dbetternotdisturbhim.我们最好不要打扰他。Whathadwebetterdo?我们最好怎么办?IthinkI’dbetterbegoing.我想我最好还是走。(Had)betternotwaitforthem.最好别等他们了。4)knowbetterthan(to)dosomething懂得不宜做某事:Yououghttoknowbetterthantogooutwithoutanovercoatonsuchacoldday.你应当懂得这样冷的天不穿大衣出去可不行。Yououghttoknowbetterthanstayawayfromschool.你该知道不应当逃学。Heknewbetterthantomentionthistoher.他知道不宜向她提及此事。5)thinkbetter(of)改变主意,决定不这样做:Hewasgoingtoleaveschool,butlaterhethoughtbetterofit.他打算退学,但后来改变了主意。Heusedtobearadicalandthoughtbetterofit.他以前是个激进分子,后来改变了看法。Hewasgoingtoanswermeback,buthethoughtbetterofit.他本想和我顶嘴的,但没有这样做。6)hadbest最好:Ihadbestfaxthemourplans.我最好把我们的计划传真给他们。Ihadbesthaveyouropinionsfirst.我最好先听听你的意见。Wehadbestgethomebeforemidnight.我们最好午夜以前到家。