科粤版九年级化学下册各单元知识点

1901233123456789():2%~4.3%0.03%~2%2112312Mg+O22MgO4Al+3O22Al2O33Fe+2O2Fe3O42Cu+O22CuO2122++H2H:Mg+H2SO4=MgSO4+H2:Mg+2HCl===MgCl2+H2:2Al+3H2SO4=Al2(SO4)3+3H2:2Al+6HCl==2AlCl3+3H2Zn+H2SO4=ZnSO4+H2:Zn+2HCl===ZnCl2+H2:Fe+H2SO4=FeSO4+H2:Fe+2HCl===FeCl2+H23++Fe+CuSO4==Cu+FeSO4()3CuSO4+2Al==Al2(SO4)3+3Cu2AgNO3+Cu==Cu(NO3)2+2AgCuSO4FeSO4FeCl2Fe+212KCaNaMgAlZnFeSnPbHCuHgAgPtAu123KCaNa13CO+Fe2O32Fe+3CO223COCOCO,COCO4CuO34Fe3O4Fe2O351O2Fe2O3XH2OO2CO2Cu2(OH)2CO3234121.4[][]2.3.1.CaO5100g200g10g60100g200g20MNN=2M2.100g100gg20100g200.01g0.01~1g1~10g10gt3A80gPACNt3AAt1ABCCBAAABt2ABCWt1ABCACBAAB800t1t2t3Nt/s/gPABC63.101kPa11.%100%100%100g100ss16%16%10016%%%%%+%7H+OH-s1.2.CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)23.4.H+HCl=H++Cl-H2SO4=2H++SO42-HClH2SO4H2+Cl2HClSO2+H2O=H2SO32H2SO3+O2=2H2SO4H2SO4H2CO3HNO3H2SO3HClHFH2SCH3COOH8Fe3+H+1.2.++a)b)Fe+2HCl=FeCl2+H2Fe+H2SO4=FeSO4+H2Fe2+3.++a)b)1Fe2O3+6HCl=2FeCl3+3H2OFe2O3+3H2SO4=Fe2(SO4)3+3H2OFe3+c)2CuO+2HCl=CuCl2+H2OCuO+H2SO4=CuSO4+H2OCu2+4.++5.++9a)b)CaCO3+2HCl=CaCl2+H2O+CO2c)BaCl2+H2SO4=BaSO4+2HClHCld)AgNO3+HCl=HNO3+AgClOH-NH3H2O=NH4++OH-CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)2NaOHCa(OH)2Na2CO3+Ca(OH)2=2NaOH+CaCO3CaCO3CaO+CO2CaO+H2O=Ca(OH)22NaOH+CO2=Na2CO3+H2OOH-1.KOHNaOHCa(OH)2Ba(OH)2NH3H2OMg(OH)2Al(OH)3Zn(OH)2Mn(OH)2Cu(OH)2Fe(OH)3102.++a)b)2NaOH+CO2=Na2CO3+H2O2NaOH+SO2=Na2SO3+H2O2NaOH+SO3=Na2SO4+H2OCa(OH)2+CO2=CaCO3+H2O3.++4.++a)b)c)2NaOH+CuSO4=Na2SO4+Cu(OH)23NaOH+FeCl3=3NaCl+Fe(OH)32NaOH+MgSO4=Na2SO4+Mg(OH)2d)Ba(OH)2+Na2SO4=BaSO4+2NaOHCa(OH)2+Na2CO3=CaCO3+2NaOHe)Ba(OH)2+CuSO4=BaSO4+Cu(OH)2f)3Ba(OH)2+Fe2(SO4)3=3BaSO4+2Fe(OH)3g)Ca(OH)2+CuSO4=CaSO4+Cu(OH)2Cu(OH)2CuO+H2O1.a)NaOH+HCl=NaCl+H2ONa2CO3+2HCl=2NaCl+H2O+CO2b)Na2CO3+Ca(OH)2=2NaOH+CaCO3c)NaOHNa2CO3+CaCl2=2NaCl+CaCO3Na2CO3+Ca(NO3)2=2NaNO3+CaCO32.Ca(OH)2+2HCl=CaCl2+2H2OCaCO3+2HCl=CaCl2+H2O+CO23.1.11Na2CO3+CaCl2=2NaCl+CaCO3Na2CO3+Ca(NO3)2=2NaNO3+CaCO32.CaCO3+2HCl=CaCl2+H2O+CO2Ca(OH)2+2NH4Cl=CaCl2+2NH3+2H2OCa(OH)2+(NH4)2SO4=CaSO4+2NH3+2H2OH2O2NaOH+H2SO4=Na2SO4+2H2ONaOH+HCl=NaCl+H2OH2SO4+Ca(OH)2=CaSO4+2H2OAl(OH)3+3HCl=AlCl3+3H2OMg(OH)2+2HCl=MgCl2+2H2OpHpH0~140H+7OH-1214pH7pH=7pH7H+pHOH-pHH+OH-pHpH5.6pHpH5.6pH7pHpHpHpHpHpHpHpHpHpHpHpHpH12345678910111213pHpH77pHCO2pH5.6pH5.6pHNH4+0.9%Na2CO3NaOH13NaHCO3+HCl=NaCl+H2O+CO22NaHCO3Na2CO3+H2O+CO2+12+12+++++14OH-NO3-Cl-SO42-CO32-H+NH4+K+Na+Ba2+Ca2+Mg2+Al3+Mn2+Zn2+Fe2+Fe3+Cu2+Ag+CO(NH2)246.7%NH4HCO317.7%NH4NO335%(NH4)2SO421.2%NH4Cl26.2%NH3H2ONaNO3NH4NO3+NaOH=NaNO3+NH3+H2O152NH4Cl+Ca(OH)2=CaCl2+2NH3+2H2O1)2)3)4)-3+51.2.6070g