名词性从句笔记

NounClausesPeriod3名词性从句考点及应用名词性从句1.主语从句2.宾语从句3.表语从句4.同位语从句谓语动词/介词名词系动词I.名词性从句的引导词：1.连接词：that、if、whether不作成分无意义2.连接代词：who、whom、whose、what、which、whoever,whatever3.连接副词：when、where、why、how“是否”作状语作主/宾/表看从句中缺少什么成分，根据意思选择适当连接词语；如不缺成分且句意完整，则选用that.一找二查三选：从句：缺少什么成分：意思适合的连接词连词选择总原则：１.语序问题６.连接词that,what,which,whether,if,who,whom,whose,whatever,whichever,whoever,whomever,whoseverwhen,where,why,how…５.it作形式主语,形式宾语的用法２.时态问题7.同位语从句与定语从句区别４.名词性从句中的虚拟语气３.主谓一致问题重点II名词性从句考点归纳:8.含有插入语的名词性从句名词性从句在句中要用____语序,从句的引导词必须始终置于__________1.Noonecanbesure____inamillionyears.A.whatwillmanlooklikeB.whatmanwilllooklikeC.manwilllooklikewhatD.whatlookwillmanlike陈述总结归纳：2.Youcan’timagine____whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcitedB.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedweretheyD.theywerehowexcited从句句首考点1．语序问题2.Ourphysicsteacheroncetoldusthatlight__________（travel）fasterthansound.travels总结归纳：c.主句的动词用一般现在时，从句谓语可根据需要选用各种时态1.Hesaidthathewillgotothestation..3.TomsaysthatMary____(go)abroadlastyearand_________(be)therefornearly5months.a.主句的动词用过去时，从句谓语动词用过去的某种时态b.主句的动词用过去时，从句表示客观事实，格言，谚语等，从句谓语动词用一般现在时wenthasbeenwould考点2．时态问题何时开会还没有决定。Whenthemeetingwillbegin_____(have)notbeendecidedyet.他们何时出发和他们去哪里还没有决定。Whenthepersonwasmurderedandwhyhewasmurdered______(is/are)stillunknown.单个的主语从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用_____形式。如果是两个或两个以上的主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用_____形式。由两个或多个连接词引导一个主语从句，谓语动词用_____形式。总结归纳：单数复数hasWhentheywillstartandwheretheywillgo_____(be)stillunknown.何时何地开会还没有决定。Whenandwherethemeetingwillbegin_____(have)notbeendecidedyet.arehas单数考点3主谓一致问题基本句型：Itis+形容词、名词、过去分词+that...+(should)doa.Itisimportant(necessary,natural,strange,advisableetc)+thatb.Itisapity(ashame,nowonderetc)+thatc.Itissuggested(ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insistedetc)+that1.Itisorderedthathe_____theexamination?A.takesB.hastotakeC.musttakeD.take2.Itisstrangethathe_____youthis.A.wouldtellB.shouldtellC.hadtoldD.hastold总结归纳：考点4虚拟语气a)主语从句中的虚拟语气Wesuggestedthatthemeeting___________A.shouldputoffB.beputoffC.wasputoffD.puttingoff总结归纳：①表示建议、要求、命令,坚持等动词suggest、advise、propose、demand、require、insist．request、command、order后的从句谓语动词用__________________________注意suggest当表示“暗示、表明“讲时，insist表示“坚持认为”之意时，从句按需要来选择时态(should)+do/bedoneThesmileonhisfacesuggestedthathe______(was/be/is)satisfiedwithourwork.was考点4虚拟语气b)宾语从句中的虚拟语气Ⅰa.IwishI______(know)theanswernow.b.Iwishhe__________(pass)theexamyesterday.c.IwishI________(fly)tothemooninafewyears.对现在虚拟时，that从句中谓语用过去时对过去虚拟时，用had＋过去分词对将来虚拟时，用would(might等)＋动词原形knewhadpassedwouldfly总结归纳：②考点4虚拟语气b)宾语从句中的虚拟语气Ⅱ在suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中要用虚拟语气，即________________________1.Hissuggestionthatyou_____oncemoresoundsreasonable.A.tryB.triesC.musttryD.cantry2.Theordergivenbythecommanderwasthatthey_____untilthecommanderallowedtheyto.A.stoppedB.didn’tstopC.stopD.notstop总结归纳：(should)+do/bedone考点4虚拟语气c)表语和同位语从句中的虚拟语气1.Ithinkthatworthwhilethatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.2.Thatishardtodecidewhenandwherewewillholdoursportsmeeting.itIt找出下列句子中的错误总结归纳：当主语从句较长，而谓语较短时，常常将从句______，而用it作为形式主语置于句首。it也可作形式宾语。后置形式宾语形式主语考点5it作形式主语和形式宾语thatwespentsomuchmoneyonthesebooks.whenandwherewewillholdoursportsmeeting.用it作形式主语的结构(1)Itis＋名词＋从句Itisafactthat…事实是…Itisanhonorthat…非常荣幸Itiscommonknowledgethat…是常识(2)Itis＋形容词＋从句Itisnaturalthat…很自然…Itisstrangethat…奇怪的是…(3)It＋不及物动词＋从句Itseemsthat…似乎…Ithappenedthat…碰巧…Itappearsthat…似乎…(4)It＋be+过去分词＋从句Itisreportedthat…据报道…Ithasbeenprovedthat…已证实…Itissaidthat…据说…Wethinkitimportantthatwelearnaforeignlanguage.Weconsideritourdutytocleanourclassroomeveryday.该句型中的it作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为：6122结构6指主句中常用的动词：think,believe,make,find,consider,feel；1指的是形式宾语it；2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词或名词；2指的是真正宾语的两种形式：不定式短语，that引导的宾语从句。1._____isknowntousallthatthe2012OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinLondon.2.Hedidn’tmake____clearwhenandwherethemeetingwouldbeheld.（07年天津卷）A.thisB.thatC.itD.these_____isknowntousall,the2012OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinLondon._____isknowntousallisthatthe2012OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinLondon.A.ItB.WhatC.AsD.WhichItAsWhat总结归纳：________等同类词既可以引导名词性从句，也可以引导让步状语从句，而____________等只能引导让步状语从句。whatevernomatterwhat____________yougoand__________youdo,I’llberightherewaitingforyou.whereverwhateverNomatterwherenomatterwhat任何最后离开房间的人应该把灯关掉。_________________________oughttoturnoffthelight.他所有的东西都被日本士兵占领了。_________________wasseizedbytheJapanesesoldiers.WhoeverleavestheroomlastWhateverhehadb)whatever/whoever/无论,不管…however/whomever/whichever/…考点6连接词让步状语从句1.（09湖南）2．Sheisverydeartous.Wehavebeenpreparedtodo＿＿ittakestosaveherlife.A.whicheverB.howeverC.whateverD.whoever2.____,motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.A.HoweverlateheisB.HoweverheislateC.NomatterhowlateheisD.Nomatterhowheislate3．______wantstostayinahotelhastopaytheirownway.(浙江2008)A.AnyoneB.TheoneC.WhoeverD.WhoExercisesThathewantstogothereisobvious.Iamsurethathewillcometomorrow.Thenewsthatourteamwonthematchinspiredus.Theresultisthatwewonthegame.成分有无词义备注that无无宾语从句中可省，其余不可省是否无主语，宾语，表语什么1）that与whether的区别()1.Someresearchersbelievethatthereisnodoubt_____acureforAIDSwillbefound.(05广东卷)2.Wedoubt__________hewilldefeattheothers.3.Thep