Theinfinitive时态语态-主动-被动一般式todotobedone进行式tobedoing

•时态\语态主动被动•一般式todotobedone•进行式tobedoing•完成式tohavedonetohavebeendone•完成进行式tohavebeendoing•1)现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。•Heseemstoknowthis.•Ihopetoseeyouagain.=IhopethatI‘llseeyouagain.我望再见到你。•2)完成时：表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。•I'msorrytohavegivenyousomuchtrouble.•Heseemstohavecaughtacold.3)进行时：表示动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。Heseemstobeeatingsomething.4)完成进行时：Sheisknowntohavebeenwreakingontheproblemformanyyears.动词不定式的作用FunctionsofInfinitive主语(subject)宾语(object)表语(predicative)定语(attribute)状语(adverbial)TheInfinitivesubjectobjectpredictiveattributeadverbialcomplementTodothatsortofthingisfoolish.Itisfoolishtodothatsortofthing.Iwanttoseeyouthisevening.Allyouhavetodois(to)finishitquicklyWefoundahousetolivein.ShecameheretostudyEnglish.Thepatientwaswarnednottoeatoilyfoodaftertheoperation.Heliftedastoneonlytodropitonhisownfeet.Theyjumpedwithjoytohearthenews.1.Weweresurprisedtohearthenews.2.2.Wehavetogetupearlytocatchthefirsttrain.3.3.Heisconsideredtobeagreatscientist.4.4.Toseeistobelieve.5.Ihavealotofwordstosay.6.It’simpossibleforhimtogoalone.7.Shepromisedtomakenomistakesatall.8.Ifinditdifficulttounderstandhim.1.Thepurposeofnewtechnologiesistomakelifeeasier2.________itmoredifficult.(MET99)3.A.notmakeB.nottomakeC.notmakingD.donotmake4.2.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhat______inmy5.newjob.(MET2000)6.A.ExpectedB.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects7.3.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouplesbut8.itremains______whethertheywillenjoyit.(MET2001)9.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen4.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered_____thefirstcomputer.(MET1993)A.toinventB.inventingC.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented5.Allenhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_______tocarryallthewayhome.(MET2003)A.muchtooheavyB.toomuchheavyC.heavytoomuchD.tooheavymuch6.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim______.(MET95)A.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoitD.donotto7.LittleJimshouldlove_____tothetheatrethisevening.(MET92)A.tobetakenB.totakeC.beingtakenD.taking8.Therearefivepairs___,butI'matalosswhichtobuy.(1999上海高考)A.tobechosenB.tochoosefromC.tochooseD.forchoosing9.____lateintheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.(2001年北京春季高考)A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingsleep10.Withalotofdifficultproblems____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.(2002年上海春季高考)A.settledB.settlingC.tosettleD.beingsettled11.Shewilltelluswhyshefeelssostronglythateachofushasarole___inmakingtheearthabetterplacetolive.(2003上海春季高考)A.tohaveplayedB.toplayC.tobeplayedD.tobeplaying12.Inordertogainabiggershareintheinternationalmarket,manystateruncompaniesaretrying___theirproductsmorecompetitive.(2002上海春季高考)A.tomakeB.makingC.tohavemadeD.havingmade13.Theteacheraskedus___somuchnoise.(2003北京春季高考)A.don'tmakeB.notmakeC.notmakingD.nottomakeHomework1.FinishofftheexercisesinSB&WB.2.PreviewMakingaDifference.•1)动词+不定式•afford，aim，appear，agree，arrange，ask，decide，bother，care，choose，come，dare，demand，desire，determine，expect，elect，endeavor，hope，fail，happen，help，hesitate，learn，long，mean，manage，offer，plan，prepare，pretend，promise，refuse，tend，wait，wish，undertake•举例：Thedriverfailedtoseetheothercarintime.司机没能及时看见另一辆车。2）动词+不定式；动词+宾语+不定式ask,beg,choose,expect,hate,helpintendlike,love,needprefer,prepare,promise,want,wish…Iliketokeepeverythingtidy.我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。Ilikeyoutokeepeverythingtidy.我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。IwanttospeaktoTom.我想和汤姆谈话。IwantyoutospeaktoTom.我想让你和汤姆谈话。3）动词+疑问词+todecide,know,considerforget,learn,remember,show,understand,see,wonder,hear,findout,explain,tellPleaseshowushowtodothat.请演示给我们如何去做。Therearesomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan‘tmakeupmymindwhichtobuy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。Thequestionishowtoputitintopractice.问题是怎样把它付诸实施。主语(subject)Itiskindofyoutohelpme.（形容词修饰人，用of）ItisimportantforyoutostudyEnglish.（形容词修饰动词不定式，用for）表语(predicative)在系动词后面：seem,be,become,look,sound,taste,smell,feel