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宾语从句TheObjectClause1.Ilikeapples.主语谓语宾语简单句主语谓语宾语从句连词从句主语从句谓语主句复合句2.Iknowwhoyouare.Ilovemymother.（名词作宾语)Ienjoyplayingvolleyball.(动名词作宾语）Idecidetostudyhard.（不定式作宾语）Iknowhim.（代词作宾语）宾语是动作、行为的对象，是动作的承受者。宾语由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任。宾语从句概念：当一个句子充当宾语时,就把这个句子叫做宾语从句。句子的宾语一般由名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式充当。宾语从句当中的从句在全句中作宾语。Tomknowswhosebookitis.主语谓语宾语从句宾语从句的句子结构：主句+连接词（引导词）+宾语从句宾语从句三要素：1、引导词（连接词）2、语序3、时态由从属连词that引导的宾语从句由疑问代词who,whom,whose,which,what或疑问副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句一、引导词123Hesaid,“lifeisbetterthanbefore”.Tomsays,“Bobisagoodboy”.Hesaid(that)lifewasbetterthanbefore.Tomsays(that)Bobisagoodboy.1、由从属连词that引导的宾语从句that引导的从句，表示陈述一件事实，主句谓语动词表示确定，不疑问；that在句中无任何意义，不充当句子成分，常省略。if/whether“是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme表示疑问不确定意义的词之后；从句句意完整，不缺成分。2、由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句1.Sheasked,“Dotheyoftencomehereearly?”2.“WilltheygotovisittheGreatWall?”heasked.Sheaskedif/whethertheyoftencamehereearly.Heaskedif/whethertheywouldgotovisittheGreatWall.1、当句末为ornot时，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.2、在todo不定式前，引导词只能用whether而不能用if.3、介词后只能用whether.4、作主语只能用whether.主句谓语动词，表示疑问不确定含义，要用疑问代词或疑问副词引导宾语从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可以省略。3、由疑问代词who,whom,whose,which,what或疑问副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句*Doyouknowwhosedictionaryitis?（谁的，作定语）*Couldyoutellmewhyyouarelate?（为什么，作状语）*Heaskedwhocouldgivehimahand.（谁，作主语）HelensaysthatshewilllearnFrenchnextyear.Doyouknowwhereheisfrom?二.宾语从句的语序无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句都是运用陈述句语序，即是“主语在前，谓语在后”的顺序。主句+引导词+主语+谓语+其他成分注意：助动词不能放在主语前面。What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?Whoisoverthere？注：当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter?Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Canyoutellmewhoheis?做主语做宾语Iknowheliveshere.Iknowhelivedheretenyearsago.Ihaveheardthathewillcometomorrow.三、时态1.当主句是现在时或将来时，宾语从句的时态可用任何时态，不作限制。根据句子的需要使用任何一种时态。（需要性原则）2.如果主句是过去的时态（一般过去时，过去进行时），从句的时态必须要用相对应的过去的某种时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。（呼应性原则）Iknewwholivedthere.Isawshewastalkingwithhermother.Heaskedwhetherhisfatherwouldcomebackthenextday.Hesaidthathehadseenthemovie.3.当宾语从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象时，就不用受到主句时态的限制，仍用一般现在时态。（特殊性原则）•Hetoldtheboythatoneandoneistwo.•Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.could/would是委婉语气，而不是过去式，因此宾语从句的时态根据实际情况用不同时态。Couldyoupleasetellmewhereweshowourtickets?Wouldyouliketoknowwhenhewillcomeback?宾语从句的主从时态呼应问题主句+从句现在时态从句根据实际需要选用任何时态一般现在时一般过去时现在进行时过去进行时一般将来时过去将来时现在完成时过去进行时过去时态从句只能用过去时的范畴一般过去时过去进行时过去将来时过去完成时注：如果从句表达客观规律，客观事实，名言，警句，谚语的话，不管主句是啥时态，从句必须用一般现在时表达。（中考常考知识点）1.Wheredotheystopontheway?Iasked.2.Whatwillyouspeakatthemeeting?Couldyoutellme?3.Dotheyliketomakefriendswithus?Heasked.4.“Ishedoinghishomework?”Jimasked.Iaskedwheretheystoppedontheway.Couldyoutellmewhatyouwillspeakatthemeeting?Heaskediftheylikedtomakefriendswithyou.Jimaskedifhewasdoinghishomework.将下列句子合并为一句:Practice1.Heasked_________________________.(谁能回答这个问题）2.Doyouknow_________________________.（他们在等谁）3.Heasked__________________________________.（谁的书法是班上最好的）完成句子whocouldanswerthequestionwhomtheyarewaitingforwhosehandwritingwasthebestintheclass()1.—Iwonderat8:00lastnight?—IwaswatchingNBA.A.whatwereyoudoingB.whatdidyoudoC.whatyouweredoingD.whatareyoudoing()2.Idon’trememberthebookyesterday.A.whereIputB.wheredidIputC.wherewillIputD.whereIwillput()3.—Idon’tknow.—Becausehehastolookafterhismother.A.whyheisleavingB.whyisheleavingC.whetherheisleavingD.whetherisheleavingCAA()4.Canyoutellme?A.howmuchistheredsweaterB.howmuchtheredsweaterisC.what’sthepriceoftheredsweaterD.howmanytheredsweateris()5.—Excuseme,couldyoutell?—Yes.Goalongthisstreetandyouwillfinditonyourleft.A.whereisthemuseumB.whichisthewaytothemuseumC.howfaristhemuseumD.howcanIgettothemuseum()6.—Couldyoutellme?—Atnineo’clock,intenminutes.A.howwillheleaveB.whenhehasleftC.whyheisleavingD.whenhewillleaveBBDReviewallthepointsaboutobjectclause.