中考专题复习状语从句

Helefthishometowntenyearsago.用来修饰动词、形容词、副词以及全句的句子成分，即为状语(adverbialmodifier)。Helefthishometownwhenhewasateenager.由句子来充当状语的成分，即为状语从句。主语谓语宾语状语陈述句语序时态引导词状语从句同副词、介词短语等作状语一样，用于修饰谓语或整个句子，说明它发生的时间、地点、方式、条件、原因、目的、结果等，即在复合句中，状语从句有其不同的种类和意义。状语从句分类1时间状语从句9比较状语从句6结果状语从句8方式状语从句7让步状语从句2地点状语从句3原因状语从句4条件状语从句5目的状语从句说明动作或状态发生、存在的时间。时间状语从句可以由以下连词或词组引导ABCwhen当……时before在……之前assoonas一……就while在……期间after在……之后themoment一……就as随着……since自从……以来到现在为止theminute一……就whenever无论何时till/until直到every/eachtime每次When“当……的时候”既可指时间段，也可指时间点从句中既可用延续性动词，又可用非延续性动词动作既可和主句的动作同时发生，又可在主句的动作之前或之后发生While“在……期间”只能表示一段时间引导的从句只能是延续性动词只能与主句中的谓语动词同时发生或存在When&While巧辨析WhenAdidsth,Bwasdoingsth.Adidsthwhen/whileBwasdoingsth.Awasdoingsthwhen/whileBwasdoingsth.eg.1._____________TomwaswatchingTV,hiswifewascooking.2.________Marywentintotheclassroom,Viviwasreading.3.Marywentintotheclassroom,____________Viviwasreading.When&While巧辨析While/WhenWhenwhile/whensince巧记“自从......时候开始到现在为止”，现在完成时态的标志词之一。Ahas/havedonesthsinceBdidsth.Ahas/havedonesthsince+过去时间点eg.I___________(make)manyfriendssinceI_______(come)here.havemadecame辨析：1.until/till引导时间状语从句用于肯定句时，主句的动词是延续性动词，表示动作/状态一直持续到until/till所表示的时间，意为“某动作一直延续到某时间点才停止”。Wewaiteduntilhecame.2.用于否定句时即not...until...，主句谓语动词是非延续性动词，意为“直到......什么时候才......”Hedidn'tgotobedtill/untilhismomreturnedhome.“延肯瞬否”注意时态问题：1.主过从过2.主现从不限3.主将从现IwillcallyouassoonasTomgetshome.1.It'squitecommoninBritaintosay“Thankyou”tothedrivers_____peoplegetoffthebus.A.afterB.sinceC.untilD.when2.---Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?---Ihavelivedhere______Iwastwoyearsold.A.beforeB.untilC.becauseD.since3.I'llsendyouane-mailassoonasI_____inCanada.A.arriveB.amarrivingC.arrivedD.willarrive4.---Whatwasyourbrotherdoingatthistimeyesterday?---Hewasreadingamagazine______Iwaswritingane-mailathome.A.beforeB.untilC.whileD.since√√√√表示地点、方位，这类从句通常由where,wherever引导，译为“哪里……哪里就……”或“……的地方”。Gobackwhereyoucamefrom.你从哪儿来的回哪儿去吧！Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者，事竟成。Youcantakeawalkwhereveryouliketo.你想去哪就去哪散步吧！用来说明引起主句这个结果的原因的从句。从属连词主要有：because,since,for,as等。because:回答why引导的疑问句，一般位于主句后；Hedidn'tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.as:语气较弱，较口语化，所表示的原因较明显；Asitisraining,weshallnotgotothezoo.since：表对方已知的事实，相当于汉语的“既然”。Sinceyoucan'tanswerthequestion,I'llasksomeoneelse.for:并列连词，引导的句子不置于句首，是一种非直接的、随便附加说明的理由或推断。Theoilmustbeout,forthelightwentout.because和so不能同时用在一个句子里because和becauseof的区别：because后面跟从句；becauseof后面跟名词、代词、动名词等。Heislateforschoolbecauseitrainsheavily.Heislateforschoolbecauseoftheheavyrain.1.Iwaslateforclassyesterday_______therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.A.sinceB.becauseC.thatD.becauseof2.Shefoundherwallet_________shelostit.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.that3.Wemustcamp______wecangetwater.A.whereB.whenC.whichD.what4.Hedidn’tgotowork_____theheavyrain.A.becauseB.becauseofC.sinceD.so√√√√表示条件，常用的连接词:if,unless,aslongas(只要)等。注意：条件状语从句也像时间状语从句一样，如果主句用将来时，从句要用现在时代替将来时。（主将从现）eg.Wewillgotothepartyifweareinvited.if&unless巧辨析unless=if...not,“如果不...”。eg.Youwillfailunlessyoustudyhard.=Youwillfailifyoudon'tstudyhard.1.You'llbelate_____youdon'tgetupearlytomorrowmorning.A.ifB.whenC.beforeD.until2.Ifyou_____himtomorrow,pleaseaskhimifhe____toworkonthefarmwithus.A.see;goesB.willsee;goesC.willsee;willgoD.see;willgo3.Youcan’tlearnitwell_______youworkhard.A.unlessB.ifC.sinceD.because4.________wetryhard,wewillmakeit.A.BecauseB.UnlessC.AslongasD.For√√√√常由sothat,inorderthat,so等词引导，常含有情态动词(may/might/shall/should/will/would/can/could)，常放于主句之后。1.他讲得很慢以便人人能听懂。Hespokeslowlyinorderthateveryonecouldunderstandhim.注意：inorderthat后接句子，inorderto后接dosth.。表示一种结果，常用的连词：so…that;such…that表示“如此…以至于…”。so…that：1.so+形容词／副词＋that2.so+形容词＋a(an)＋单数名词＋that3.so＋many/much/few/little(多多少少)＋复数名词/不可数名词+thatsuch…that：1.such＋a(an)＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋that2.such＋形容词＋复数名词／不可数名词＋that巧辨so&such1.Hismotherwas_______busy______shecan’tlookafterTom.A.so,thatB.such,thatC.very,thatD.too,to2.Hewas______angrythathecouldn’tsayaword.A.soB.tooC.veryD.much3.Thereis____littlemoneythatIcan’tbuytheshirt.A.suchB.soC.muchD.many4.Hewas____alittleboythateveryonetakescareofhim.A.soB.suchC.manyD.much√√√√让步状语从句，表示“虽然，尽管，即使”等概念，常用的关联词有：though/although;eventhough(if);whether...or...;nomatter+疑问词/疑问词-ever等。注意：though/although;eventhough(if)意义相近，但是不能和but连用。whether...or...“不论是否...，不管是...还是...”由一个复合连词引导让步状语从句，说明正反两方面的可能性都不影响主句的意向或结果。Youwillhavetoattendtheceremonywhetheryou'refreeorbusy.考点诠释nomatter+疑问词，疑问词-ever均可引导让步状语从句时。Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.=Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.而“疑问词-ever”还可以引导名词性从句I'lleatwhateveryougiveme.(宾语从句)考点诠释1.Katewenttoschool______itrainedheavilyyesterday.A.thoughB.ifC.butD.since2.Homeisalwaysthewarmestplace,_______wego.A.howeverB.whateverC.whicheverD.wherever√√常由as(按照)，asif/asthough（似乎、好像）等词引导。考点诠释1.as“按照，正如”，引导的从句常位于主句后。PleasedoaswhatItoldyou.考点诠释2.asif/asthough“仿佛...似的，好像...似的”Hesoundsasif/thoughhehasgotasorethroat.注意：asif/though也可以引导一个分词短语或不定式短语。Heclearedhisthroatasiftosaysomething.他清了清嗓子，好像要说些什么。比较状语从句，常由than/as...as/themore...themore等词引导;比较状语从句后面的主语，在口语中，常可省略；比较连词前后的结构要一致。than:表两者的比较；as...as:同级比较；as和as间要加形容词或副词的原级；themore...,themore...:越......,就越......考点诠释1.肯定句中，用“as+