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句子简单句并列句复合句复合句名词性从句主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句定语从句状语从句状语时用来修饰词，词，词或的一种句子成分。它可以表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、让步、比较、方式等。当充当状语的部分是一个句子时，也就是状语从句。分类如下：动形容副句子状语从句1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.条件状语从句5.让步状语从句6.目的状语从句7.结果状语从句8.方式状语从句9.比较状语从句引导词可分为两部分．aswhilewhenwheneverbeforeafteruntil(till)sinceassoonaseverytimenexttimethefirst/…timethemomenttheminute/…instantlyimmediatelydirectly(一…就…)as引导的时间状语从句,可以表达“正当……”，“一边……一边……”，“随着……”等意思。1.表示某事一发生，另一事立即发生。Asthesunrose,thefogdisappeared.2.表示在某事发生的过程中，另一事发生。Justashewasspeakingtherewasaloudexplosion.3.表示两个动作同时发生。Helensangasongasshewashed.4.表示“随着…..”.常指一个行为是另一个行为的结果，或一种状态随另一种状态变化。句中的动词多表示状态的发展变化。Asshegrewolder,shebecamemorebeautiful.1.as,while,when的区别while:持续性动词／进行时＊一般或现在情况＊将来情况－V一般现在时或现在进行时＊过去情况e.g.IlikelisteningtomusicwhileIamdoingmyhomework.e.g.—I’mgoingtothepostoffice.--Whileyouarethere,canyougetsomestampsforme?e.g.IhurtmyshouldwhileIwasdoinggym.WhileIwaswalkingdownthestreet,Icameacrossanoldfriend.(while=_______)WhileIreallydon’tlikeart,Ifindhisworkimpressive.(while=_________)Whilethereislifethereishope.(while=__________)Helikespopmusic,whileIamfondoffolkmusic.whenalthoughaslongasWhile在句中的不同含义:when:持续性／非持续性动词都可＊当……时＊正在……忽然e.g.WhenIfirstsawher,Ifellinlovewithher---Whendidyougethome?---Itwaseighto’clockwhenIgothome.1)Theywerewalkingdownthestreetwhentheysawanaccident.2)Iwasabouttogoswimmingwhenourguidestoppedme.＊尽管／虽然／鉴于／如果／届时／e.g.Hewalkswhenhemighttakeataxi.TheQueenwillvisitthetowninMay,whenshewillopenthenewhospital.Howcanyouhopeformercyyourselfwhenyoushownone?HowcouldIliveinLosAngeleswhenallmyfavoritepeoplelivehere?虽然届时如果鉴于,既然when还有一些较为灵活的翻译:*when/while/as1.______timewenton,thingsbegantochange.2.ShethoughtIwastalkingahoutherdaughter,______,infact,Iwastalkingaboutmydaughter.3.______Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.4.Iwaswalkingalongtheroad_______suddenlysomeonepattedmeontheshoulderfrombehind.5.Thestudentssang_______theywentalong.whenAswhileWhileas一边...一边:andthen:正在…的时候,突然…随着...表对比:而表让步:虽然•6.Strike_______theironishot.•7._____achild,helivedinthecountryside.•8.Becareful___________crossingthesteet.whileAswhen/whileas+n.=when...before引导的时间状语从句◆before引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在……之前”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之前。Wecleantheclassroombeforeweleaveschooleveryday.Itwillnotbelongbeforeyouregretforwhatyou’vedone.不久你就会为你的所作所为后悔的。after引导的时间状语从句◆after引导的时间状语从句，常译为“在……之后”，表示主句的动作发生在从句的动作之后。Afteryouuseplasticbags,youmustn’tthrowthemabout.用过了塑料袋之后，不准到处乱扔。•1).Turnoffthelight_______youleavetheclassroom.•2).Someonecalledmeupinthemiddleofthenightbuttheyhungup________Icouldanswerthephone.•3).Itwon’tbelong_______hefinisheshiswriting.•Itwillbe/was＋一段时间＋before…:•Itwillbe/wasnot＋一段时间＋before…*beforebeforebefore:在......之前:还未来得及...就...,不等...就...before:不多久就...:还要过...才...finishessince引导的时间状语从句◆since引导的时间状语从句，常译为“自从……”，主句常用现在完成时，从句常用一般过去时。例句翻译：我们自从分手以后一直没见过面。Wehaven’tseeneachothersinceweparted.常用句型：Ithasbeen(is)+时间段+since从句“自从……有多长时间了”例句翻译：自从她大学毕业已经有六年时间了。Ithasbeen(is)sixyearssinceshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.until/till引导的时间状语从句◆until/till引导的时间状语从句，常译为“直到……时”，表示主句动作发生在从句之前。◆当主句谓语动词是延续性动词时，主句常用肯定形式。例句：我会待在这里，直到你回来。I’llstayhereuntilyoucomeback.◆当主句谓语动词是非延续性动词时,主句常用否定形式。not…until…“直到……才……”，这时until可用before替换。Hedidn’tgotobeduntilhefinishedhishomework.例句：他直到做完作业才睡觉。（倒装与强调）assoonas引导的时间状语从句◆assoonas引导的时间状语从句，译为“一…就…”，表示从句动作一发生，主句的动作马上就发生。例句：他一回来我就告诉他这件事。Iwilltellhimaboutitassoonashecomesback.◆相当于assoonas用法的词或短语还有：immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theminute,theinstant等.I’llgivehimyourmessagetheminutehearrives.DirectlyIhaddoneit,IknewIhadmadeamistake.其他连词引导的时间状语从句◆nosooner…than…,hardly/scarcely/barely…when…引导时间状语从句,从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。译为“一…就…”当nosooner,hardly/scarcely/barely位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装。Ihadnosoonerbeguntotalkthanherangoff.NosoonerhadIbeguntotalkthanherangoff.我还未来得及讲话，他就挂断了电话。名词短语引导的时间状语从句◆themoment,theminute,theinstant,thetime,thehour,theday,bythetime,eachtime,everytime,nexttime,anytime等也可以引导时间状语从句。IthoughtherniceandhonestthefirsttimeIsawher.Bythetimeyouarrived,thelecturehadalreadyended.Bythetimehecomes,wewillalreadyhaveleft.•1.WheneverytimeIwasintrouble,hewouldcometohelpme.•2.Atnexttimeyoucome,dorememberbringyoursonhere.•3.ForthefirsttimeImetthegirl,Ifeltinlovewithher.•4.Youarewelcometocomebackatanytimeyouwantto.•5.AtthelasttimeshesawJames,hewaslyinginbed.•语法规则：everytime,eachtime,nexttime,thefirsttime,anytime等名词短语引导状语从句不加介词。考点:名词短语引导时间状语从句1.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoice______Ipickedupthephone.A.whileB.afterC.incaseD.theminute2.Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltake_______ourproductbecomespopularwiththeconsumersA.whenB.untilC.beforeD.since3.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.sinceC.AsD.While4.Hewashalfwaythroughhismeal____afamiliarvoicecametohisears.A.whyB.whereC.whenD.while地点状语从句用连接副词where或wherever(在任何地方)引导。e.g.a.Juststaywhereyouare.b.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.c.Youcansitwhereveryoulike.d.Whereveryougo,I’llberightherewaitingforyou.1.Whenhereadsabook,hishabitistomakeamark___themeaningisuncleartohim.A.thereB.whereverC.theplaceD.inwhich•where•Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.•Wherethereissmoke,thereisfire.•无风不起浪.•青年人应该去最需要他们