托福独立写作开头段的写法-

独立写作开头段的写法AdrianStructureMainIdeaReasonIReasonIIConclusionRequirementOG:Score5Anessayatthislevellargelyaccomplishesallofthefollowing:Effectivelyaddressthetopicandtask.Iswellorganizedandwelldeveloped,usingclearlyappropriateexplanations,exemplifications,and/ordetails.Displaysunity,progression,andcoherence.Displaysconsistentfacilityintheuseoflanguage,demonstratingsyntacticvariety,appropriatewordchoice,andidiomatically,thoughitmayhaveminorlexicalorgrammaticalerrors.How？Effectivelyaddressthetopicandtask.有效地阐明话题.a)Letpeopleknowwhatthetopicis.b)Showyourpersonalopiniononthetopic.c)Thedetailsandexamplestosupportyouropinion.ParagraphII.Paraphrasetheargument改述原题II.MainIdea发表自己的观点III.AdverbialofCause用一个原因状语简短地提及论据a.WhatthetopicisDisplaysconsistentfacilityintheuseoflanguage,demonstratingsyntacticvariety,appropriatewordchoice.1.topic一般就在题目中；2.为体现句法的多样性和用词的准确性，不能照抄原题；3.需要对原题进行恰当而准确地改述，即paraphrase.4.Whatisparaphrase？Aparaphraseofsomethingwrittenorspokenisthesamethingexpressedinadifferentway.——《柯林斯英汉双解大辞典》e.gDoyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Alwaystellingthetruthisthemostimportantconsiderationinanyrelationship.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.Howtoparaphrasethetopic?1.形式与内容的严格对应a)词与词的替换；（synonym）b)词类替换；（word--phrase）c)词性替换（noun--verb,adjective--noun）2.意义的对应形式与内容的对应a)词与词的替换（synonym）133.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Aperson'schildhoodyears(thetimefrombirthtotwelveyearsofage)arethemostimportantyearsofaperson'slife.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.Brainstorming:aperson's--one's,someone'simportant--significant,momentousofaperson'slife--inone'slifetimeParaphrase:One'schildhoodyearsarethemostsignificantyearsinhislifetime.词与词的替换（synonym）9.Somepeopleprefertoliveinasmalltown.Othersprefertoliveinabigcity.Whichplacewouldyouprefertolivein?Usespecificreasonsanddetailstosupportyouranswer.Brainstorming:prefertodosth--wouldratherdosthlive--reside,dwellsmall--littlebigcity--metroplisParaphase:Somepeopleprefertoresideinasmalltown.Otherswouldratherliveinametroplis.词类替换b)word--phrase11.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Universitiesshouldgivethesameamountofmoneytotheirstudents'sportsactivitiesastheygivetotheiruniversitylibraries.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouropinion.Brainstorming:shoulddo--berequiredtodo,besupposedtodothesameamountofmoney--theequivalentmoneyParaphase:Unversitiesaresupposedtorendertheequivalentmoneytotheirstudents'sportsactivitiesastheydototheuniversitylibraries.词性替换c)noun--verb,adjective--noun35.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Attendingaliveperformance(forexample,aplay,concert,orsportingevent)ismoreenjoyablethanwatchingthesameeventontelevision.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouropinion.Brainstorming:attendsth--attendanceinsthbemoreenjoyable--have/bring/producemorejoy/delight/pleasureParaphase:Attendanceinaliveperformancebringsmorepleasurethanwatchingthesameoneontelevison.意义的对应9.Somepeopleprefertoliveinasmalltown.Othersprefertoliveinabigcity.Whichplacewouldyouprefertolivein?Usespecificreasonsanddetailstosupportyouranswer.Paraphrase:Nowadays,peopleseldomagreewitheachothereveninsuchtrivialissuesaspreferancebetweenlivinginabigcityandasmalltown.133.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Aperson'schildhoodyears(thetimefrombirthtotwelveyearsofage)arethemostimportantyearsofaperson'slife.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.Paraphrase:Whenlookingbackuponhislifetime,onemayregardhischildhoodasthemostsignificantperiodinhislifetime.SentenceI1.在形式与内容对应的改述中，一般格式较为固定：Nowadays,peopleoftenconsider/regard/holdthat...Nowadays,peopletendto/wouldliketo...Inmostcases,peopleargue/contendthat...Inmodernsociety,thereisatendency/phenomenon/controversythat...Nowadays,somepeople...,whileothers...2.在只有意义对应的改述中，格式较为自由、开放，可以展示更多的语法可能性与表达的多样性。ExamplesDoyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Onlypeoplewhoearnalotofmoneyaresuccessful.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.SentenceI：Nowadays,peopleoftenconsiderthatonlytheoneswhoearnalargeamountofmoneyaresuccessful.Nowadays,peoplewouldliketoholdtheviewthatonlythosewhoearnmuchmaterialwealthcanbeviewedasthesuccessfulones.Nowadays,manypeoplebelievethatalargeincomeequalssuccess.Practice:175.Somestudentslikeclasseswhereteacherslecture(doallofthetalking)inclass.Otherstudentspreferclasseswherethestudentsdosomeofthetalking.Whichtypeofclassdoyouprefer?Givespecificreasonsanddetailstosupportyourchoice.b.Showyourpersonalopinion要求：观点鲜明，简明扼要。SentenceII常用句型：前半句：AsfarasIamconcerned/Inmypointofview/Asforme/Formypart/Intermsofme/Personallyspeaking,......后半句：Iwouldsay/assertthat......Itendtoagree/disagreethat......Thereissomethingcertain/wrongtosay/considerthat......Itisnodoubtthat......完整的句子：Itseemstomethat......Examples27.Doyouagreeordisagreewiththefollowingstatement?Peopleshouldsometimesdothingsthattheydonotenjoydoing.Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyouranswer.SentenceII：......Inmyopinion,therereallyissomethingwrong,nevertheless,tothinkwecouldbefinallysuccessfulbyonlydoingthingsth