过去分词用法及练习

1过去分词用法及练习过去分词两个显著的特点即：从时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是如果是不及物动词用作过去分词形式，则只表示动作的完成，而没有被动意义。如fallenleaves落叶retiredworkers退休工人。过去分词主要起形容词或副词的作用,表示被动、完成”的意义,在句中作状语、定语、补足语、表语等。选择分词时,关键看分词与其逻辑主语的关系,若是其逻辑主语主动发出的动作,选用现在分词;若是被动动作,则选用过去分词。过去分词用法总结如下：一、表语:1．Thecupisbroken.2．Thedoorremainslocked.3．Shelookeddisappointed.二、定语：要求学生必须掌握过去分词做定语的位置，告诉他们单个过去分词及由过去分词构成的复合形容词作定语时，通常置于被修饰词之前，但修饰代词时，需置于被修饰词之后，而过去分词短语作定语也要后置，即要放在被修饰词之后。1.Weneededmuchmorequalifiedworkers.(单个过去分词作定语)2.Thegirldressedinwhiteismydaughter.(过去分词短语作定语)3.Isthereanythingunsolved?ThereisnothingchangedheresinceIleftthistown.2(如果被修饰的词是由every/some/any/no+thing/body/one所构成的复合代词或指示代词those等时，即使是单个的过去分词作定语，也要放在被修饰词的后面)4.Thisisastate-ownedfactory.Thisisanewlybuiltbuilding.Advertisingisahighlydevelopedindustry.(单个过去分词与名词或副词构成复合形容词时，放在其修饰的名词前作前置定语)三、宾语补足语：可以带过去分词作宾语补足语的动词有：1）see,hear,find,feel,think等表示感觉和心理状态的动词Hefoundhishometowngreatlychangedwhenhecamebackfromabroad.HeonceheardthesongsunginGerman.Everythoughtthematchlost.2)make,get,have,keep等表示“致使”意义的动词：He’sgoingtohavehishaircut.Shehadherfootinjuredinthefall.Whenyoutalk,youhavetoatleastmakeyourselfunderstood.Pleasekeepusinformedofthelatestdevelopments.3(请让我们了解最新的发展情况。)四、状语：Thetrainerappeared,followedbysixlittledogs.Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.=Onceitisseen,Seenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful=Whenitisseenfromthehill,theparklooksverybeautiful.Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.=Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.语法演练一、考查过去分词作状语过去分词作状语可表示原因、时间、条件、伴随等。有时过去分词前也可加上连词when,while,if,unless,though等。过去分词作状语,其逻辑主语是句子中的主语,表示被动或完成意义。例如:1.________in1636,HarvardisoneofthemostfamousuniversitiesintheUnitedStates.A.BeingfoundedB.ItwasfoundedC.FoundedD.Founding2.________time,he'llmakeafirst-classtennisplayer.A.HavinggivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Given4Unless________tospeak,youshouldremainsilentattheconference.A.invitedB.invitingC.beinginvitedD.havinginvitedGenerallyspeaking,_____accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.AwhentakingBwhentakenCwhentotakeDwhentobetaken二、考查过去分词作定语过去分词作定语,其逻辑主语是所修饰的名词或代词,表示一个被动或完成的动作,相当于一个被动的定语从句。3.Pricesofdailygoods________throughacomputercanbelowerthanstoreprices.A.areboughtB.boughtC.beenboughtD.buying4.TheOlympicGames,________in776B.C.,didnotincludewomenplayersuntil1912.A.firstplayingB.tobefirstplayedC.firstplayedD.tobefirstplaying三、考查过去分词作补足语过去分词作宾语补足语时,逻辑主语是其前面的宾语,表示一个被动或完成的动作。例如:5.Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishands________5behindhisback.A.beingtiedB.havingtiedC.tobetiedD.tied四、考查过去分词作表语过去分词作表语,其主语通常是人,表示主语所处的状态或表示主语对某事的感觉,意思是(某人)......的;而现在分词作表语时,其主语通常是物,表示主语的特征,意思是“令人......的”。常用作表语的过去分词有:interested,moved,discouraged,amused,astonished,surprised,frightened,excited,moved,inspired,tired,worried,hurt,crowded,gone,broken,dressed,wounded,pleased,等等。例如:6.Aswejoinedthebigcrowd,Igot________frommyfriends.A.separatedB.sparedC.lostD.missed另外,有些以过去分词形式出现的词,其词性和意思都已发生了变化,须引起同学们的注意。例如:7.________thegeneralstateofhishealth,itmaytakehimawhiletorecoverfromtheoperation.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven“Given”在此处是介词,意思是“在......的情况下;考虑到”。答案:1-5CDBCD6-7AA你对第1面的《过去分词高考考点透析》一文理解得如何?为了使6你加深印象,检测一下你的复习效果,请做下面选自高考试题的单项填空练习。为了让你开动脑筋,不盲目猜题,本练习题中也包括其它非谓语动词形式的习题。1.BecauseofmypoorEnglishI'mafraidIcan'tmakemyself________.A.understandB.tounderstandC.understandingD.understood2.Theworkerswantus________togetherwiththem.A.workB.workingC.toworkD.worked3.What'sthelanguage________inGermany?A.speakingB.spokenC.bespokenD.tospeak4.________someofficials,Napoleoninspectedhisarmy.A.FollowedB.FollowedbyC.BeingfollowedD.Havingbeenfollowedby5.Mostofthepeople________tothepartywerefamousscientists.A.invitedB.toinviteC.beinginvitedD.inviting6.Hewasdisappointedtofindhissuggestions________.A.beenturneddownB.turneddownC.tobeturneddownD.toturndown7.Doyouknowtheboy________underthebigtree?A.layB.lainC.layingD.lying78.-Goodmorning.CanIhelpyou?-I'dliketohavethispackage________,madam.A.beweighedB.tobeweighedC.toweighD.weighed9.Therewasaterriblenoise________thesuddenburstoflight.A.followedB.followingC.tobefollowedD.beingfollowed10.________moreattention,thetreescouldhavegrownbetter.A.GivenB.TogiveC.GivingD.Havinggiven11.Thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight,________alongspeechforthepresident.A.toprepareB.preparingC.preparedD.waspreparing12.Itwassocoldthattheykeptthefire________allnight.A.toburnB.burnC.burningD.burned13.Generallyspeaking,________accordingtothedirections,thedrughasnosideeffect.A.whentakingB.whentakenC.whentotake14.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage________thegirlandtookheraway,________intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing15.Havingatripabroadiscertainlygoodfortheoldcouple,8butitremains________whethertheywillenjoyit.A.toseeB.tobeseenC.seeingD.seen16.Thepilotaskedallthepassengersonboardtoremain________astheplanewasmakingalanding.A.seatB.seatingC.seatedD.tobeseating17.Afterhisjourneyfromabroad,RichardJonesreturnedhome,________.A.exhaustingB.exhaustedC.beingexhaustedD.havingexhausted18.The________boywaslastseen________neartheEastLake.A.missing;playingB.missing;playC.missed;